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<div class="section" id="building-android-binary">
<h1>Building Android binary<a class="headerlink" href="#building-android-binary" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>In this article, we briefly describe how to build Android binary using
<a class="reference external" href="https://developer.android.com/ndk/index.html">Android NDK</a>
cross-compiler on Debian Linux.</p>
<p>The easiest way to build android binary is use Dockerfile.android.
See Dockerfile.android for more details. If you cannot use
Dockerfile.android for whatever reason, continue to read the rest of
this article.</p>
<p>We offer <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">android-config</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">android-make</span></code> scripts to make the
build easier. To make these script work, NDK toolchain must be
installed in the following way. First, let us introduce
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ANDROID_HOME</span></code> environment variable. We need to install toolchain
under <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$ANDROID_HOME/toolchain</span></code>. An user can freely choose the path
for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ANDROID_HOME</span></code>. For example, to install toolchain under
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$ANDROID_HOME/toolchain</span></code>, do this in the the directory where NDK is
unpacked:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ build/tools/make_standalone_toolchain.py \
--arch arm --api 16 --stl gnustl \
--install-dir $ANDROID_HOME/toolchain
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The API level (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--api</span></code>) is not important here because we don’t use
Android specific C/C++ API.</p>
<p>The dependent libraries, such as OpenSSL, libev, and c-ares should be
built with the toolchain and installed under
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$ANDROID_HOME/usr/local</span></code>. We recommend to build these libraries as
static library to make the deployment easier. libxml2 support is
currently disabled.</p>
<p>Although zlib comes with Android NDK, it seems not to be a part of
public API, so we have to built it for our own. That also provides us
proper .pc file as a bonus.</p>
<p>Before running <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">android-config</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">android-make</span></code>,
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ANDROID_HOME</span></code> environment variable must be set to point to the
correct path. Also add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$ANDROID_HOME/toolchain/bin</span></code> to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PATH</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/toolchain/bin
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To configure OpenSSL, use the following script:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="ch">#!/bin/sh</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">[</span> -z <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$ANDROID_HOME</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">then</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s1">'No $ANDROID_HOME specified.'</span>
<span class="nb">exit</span> <span class="m">1</span>
<span class="k">fi</span>
<span class="nv">PREFIX</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$ANDROID_HOME</span>/usr/local
<span class="nv">TOOLCHAIN</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$ANDROID_HOME</span>/toolchain
<span class="nv">PATH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$TOOLCHAIN</span>/bin:<span class="nv">$PATH</span>
<span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">CROSS_COMPILE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$TOOLCHAIN</span>/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-
./Configure --prefix<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$PREFIX</span> android
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>And run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">install_sw</span></code> to build and install without
documentation.</p>
<p>We cannot compile libev without modification. Apply <a class="reference external" href="https://gist.github.com/tatsuhiro-t/48c45f08950f587180ed">this patch</a> before
configuring libev. This patch is for libev-4.19. After applying the
patch, to configure libev, use the following script:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="ch">#!/bin/sh</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">[</span> -z <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$ANDROID_HOME</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">then</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s1">'No $ANDROID_HOME specified.'</span>
<span class="nb">exit</span> <span class="m">1</span>
<span class="k">fi</span>
<span class="nv">PREFIX</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$ANDROID_HOME</span>/usr/local
<span class="nv">TOOLCHAIN</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$ANDROID_HOME</span>/toolchain
<span class="nv">PATH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$TOOLCHAIN</span>/bin:<span class="nv">$PATH</span>
./configure <span class="se">\</span>
--host<span class="o">=</span>arm-linux-androideabi <span class="se">\</span>
--build<span class="o">=</span><span class="sb">`</span>dpkg-architecture -qDEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE<span class="sb">`</span> <span class="se">\</span>
--prefix<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$PREFIX</span> <span class="se">\</span>
--disable-shared <span class="se">\</span>
--enable-static <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nv">CPPFLAGS</span><span class="o">=</span>-I<span class="nv">$PREFIX</span>/include <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nv">LDFLAGS</span><span class="o">=</span>-L<span class="nv">$PREFIX</span>/lib
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>And run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">install</span></code> to build and install.</p>
<p>To configure c-ares, use the following script:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="ch">#!/bin/sh -e</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">[</span> -z <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$ANDROID_HOME</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">then</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s1">'No $ANDROID_HOME specified.'</span>
<span class="nb">exit</span> <span class="m">1</span>
<span class="k">fi</span>
<span class="nv">PREFIX</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$ANDROID_HOME</span>/usr/local
<span class="nv">TOOLCHAIN</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$ANDROID_HOME</span>/toolchain
<span class="nv">PATH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$TOOLCHAIN</span>/bin:<span class="nv">$PATH</span>
./configure <span class="se">\</span>
--host<span class="o">=</span>arm-linux-androideabi <span class="se">\</span>
--build<span class="o">=</span><span class="sb">`</span>dpkg-architecture -qDEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE<span class="sb">`</span> <span class="se">\</span>
--prefix<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$PREFIX</span> <span class="se">\</span>
--disable-shared
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To configure zlib, use the following script:</p>
<div class="highlight-sh notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="ch">#!/bin/sh -e</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="o">[</span> -z <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$ANDROID_HOME</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">then</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s1">'No $ANDROID_HOME specified.'</span>
<span class="nb">exit</span> <span class="m">1</span>
<span class="k">fi</span>
<span class="nv">PREFIX</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$ANDROID_HOME</span>/usr/local
<span class="nv">TOOLCHAIN</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$ANDROID_HOME</span>/toolchain
<span class="nv">PATH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$TOOLCHAIN</span>/bin:<span class="nv">$PATH</span>
<span class="nv">HOST</span><span class="o">=</span>arm-linux-androideabi
<span class="nv">CC</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$HOST</span>-gcc <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nv">AR</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$HOST</span>-ar <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nv">LD</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$HOST</span>-ld <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nv">RANLIB</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$HOST</span>-ranlib <span class="se">\</span>
<span class="nv">STRIP</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$HOST</span>-strip <span class="se">\</span>
./configure <span class="se">\</span>
--prefix<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$PREFIX</span> <span class="se">\</span>
--libdir<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$PREFIX</span>/lib <span class="se">\</span>
--includedir<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">$PREFIX</span>/include <span class="se">\</span>
--static
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>And run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">make</span> <span class="pre">install</span></code> to build and install.</p>
<p>After prerequisite libraries are prepared, run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">android-config</span></code> and
then <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">android-make</span></code> to compile nghttp2 source files.</p>
<p>If all went well, application binaries, such as nghttpx, are created
under src directory. Strip debugging information from the binary
using the following command:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ arm-linux-androideabi-strip src/nghttpx
</pre></div>
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