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><DIV
CLASS="SECT1"
><H1
CLASS="SECT1"
><A
NAME="INSTALL-PROCEDURE"
>16.4. Installation Procedure</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="PROCEDURE"
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
CLASS="STEP"
><A
NAME="CONFIGURE"
></A
><P
><B
>Configuration</B
></P
><P
> The first step of the installation procedure is to configure the
source tree for your system and choose the options you would like.
This is done by running the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
> script. For a
default installation simply enter:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>./configure</KBD
></PRE
><P>
This script will run a number of tests to determine values for various
system dependent variables and detect any quirks of your
operating system, and finally will create several files in the
build tree to record what it found. You can also run
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
> in a directory outside the source
tree, if you want to keep the build directory separate. This
procedure is also called a
<I
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
>VPATH</I
>
build. Here's how:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>mkdir build_dir</KBD
>
<KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>cd build_dir</KBD
>
<KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>/path/to/source/tree/configure [options go here]</KBD
>
<KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make</KBD
></PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> The default configuration will build the server and utilities, as
well as all client applications and interfaces that require only a
C compiler. All files will be installed under
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/pgsql</TT
> by default.
</P
><P
> You can customize the build and installation process by supplying one
or more of the following command line options to
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
>:
<P
></P
></P><DIV
CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
><DL
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--prefix=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>PREFIX</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Install all files under the directory <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>PREFIX</I
></TT
>
instead of <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/pgsql</TT
>. The actual
files will be installed into various subdirectories; no files
will ever be installed directly into the
<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>PREFIX</I
></TT
> directory.
</P
><P
> If you have special needs, you can also customize the
individual subdirectories with the following options. However,
if you leave these with their defaults, the installation will be
relocatable, meaning you can move the directory after
installation. (The <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>man</TT
> and <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>doc</TT
>
locations are not affected by this.)
</P
><P
> For relocatable installs, you might want to use
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
>'s <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>--disable-rpath</TT
>
option. Also, you will need to tell the operating system how
to find the shared libraries.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--exec-prefix=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>EXEC-PREFIX</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> You can install architecture-dependent files under a
different prefix, <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>EXEC-PREFIX</I
></TT
>, than what
<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>PREFIX</I
></TT
> was set to. This can be useful to
share architecture-independent files between hosts. If you
omit this, then <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>EXEC-PREFIX</I
></TT
> is set equal to
<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>PREFIX</I
></TT
> and both architecture-dependent and
independent files will be installed under the same tree,
which is probably what you want.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--bindir=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Specifies the directory for executable programs. The default
is <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>EXEC-PREFIX</I
></TT
>/bin</TT
>, which
normally means <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/pgsql/bin</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--sysconfdir=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Sets the directory for various configuration files,
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>PREFIX</I
></TT
>/etc</TT
> by default.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--libdir=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Sets the location to install libraries and dynamically loadable
modules. The default is
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>EXEC-PREFIX</I
></TT
>/lib</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--includedir=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Sets the directory for installing C and C++ header files. The
default is <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>PREFIX</I
></TT
>/include</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--datarootdir=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Sets the root directory for various types of read-only data
files. This only sets the default for some of the following
options. The default is
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>PREFIX</I
></TT
>/share</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--datadir=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Sets the directory for read-only data files used by the
installed programs. The default is
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DATAROOTDIR</I
></TT
></TT
>. Note that this has
nothing to do with where your database files will be placed.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--localedir=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Sets the directory for installing locale data, in particular
message translation catalog files. The default is
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DATAROOTDIR</I
></TT
>/locale</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--mandir=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> The man pages that come with <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> will be installed under
this directory, in their respective
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>man<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>x</I
></TT
></TT
> subdirectories.
The default is <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DATAROOTDIR</I
></TT
>/man</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--docdir=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Sets the root directory for installing documentation files,
except <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"man"</SPAN
> pages. This only sets the default for
the following options. The default value for this option is
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DATAROOTDIR</I
></TT
>/doc/postgresql</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--htmldir=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> The HTML-formatted documentation for
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> will be installed under
this directory. The default is
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DATAROOTDIR</I
></TT
></TT
>.
</P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
><P>
</P><DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
> Care has been taken to make it possible to install
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> into shared installation locations
(such as <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/include</TT
>) without
interfering with the namespace of the rest of the system. First,
the string <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>/postgresql</TT
>"</SPAN
> is
automatically appended to <TT
CLASS="VARNAME"
>datadir</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="VARNAME"
>sysconfdir</TT
>, and <TT
CLASS="VARNAME"
>docdir</TT
>,
unless the fully expanded directory name already contains the
string <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>postgres</TT
>"</SPAN
> or
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>pgsql</TT
>"</SPAN
>. For example, if you choose
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local</TT
> as prefix, the documentation will
be installed in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/doc/postgresql</TT
>,
but if the prefix is <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/opt/postgres</TT
>, then it
will be in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/opt/postgres/doc</TT
>. The public C
header files of the client interfaces are installed into
<TT
CLASS="VARNAME"
>includedir</TT
> and are namespace-clean. The
internal header files and the server header files are installed
into private directories under <TT
CLASS="VARNAME"
>includedir</TT
>. See
the documentation of each interface for information about how to
access its header files. Finally, a private subdirectory will
also be created, if appropriate, under <TT
CLASS="VARNAME"
>libdir</TT
>
for dynamically loadable modules.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><P>
</P
><P
> <P
></P
></P><DIV
CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
><DL
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-extra-version=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>STRING</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Append <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>STRING</I
></TT
> to the PostgreSQL version number. You
can use this, for example, to mark binaries built from unreleased Git
snapshots or containing custom patches with an extra version string
such as a <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>git describe</TT
> identifier or a
distribution package release number.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-includes=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORIES</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORIES</I
></TT
> is a colon-separated list of
directories that will be added to the list the compiler
searches for header files. If you have optional packages
(such as GNU <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Readline</SPAN
>) installed in a non-standard
location,
you have to use this option and probably also the corresponding
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-libraries</TT
> option.
</P
><P
> Example: <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>--with-includes=/opt/gnu/include:/usr/sup/include</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-libraries=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORIES</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORIES</I
></TT
> is a colon-separated list of
directories to search for libraries. You will probably have
to use this option (and the corresponding
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-includes</TT
> option) if you have packages
installed in non-standard locations.
</P
><P
> Example: <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>--with-libraries=/opt/gnu/lib:/usr/sup/lib</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--enable-nls[<SPAN
CLASS="OPTIONAL"
>=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>LANGUAGES</I
></TT
></SPAN
>]</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Enables Native Language Support (<ACRONYM
CLASS="ACRONYM"
>NLS</ACRONYM
>),
that is, the ability to display a program's messages in a
language other than English.
<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>LANGUAGES</I
></TT
> is an optional space-separated
list of codes of the languages that you want supported, for
example <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>--enable-nls='de fr'</TT
>. (The intersection
between your list and the set of actually provided
translations will be computed automatically.) If you do not
specify a list, then all available translations are
installed.
</P
><P
> To use this option, you will need an implementation of the
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Gettext</SPAN
> API; see above.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-pgport=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>NUMBER</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Set <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>NUMBER</I
></TT
> as the default port number for
server and clients. The default is 5432. The port can always
be changed later on, but if you specify it here then both
server and clients will have the same default compiled in,
which can be very convenient. Usually the only good reason
to select a non-default value is if you intend to run multiple
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> servers on the same machine.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-perl</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Build the <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>PL/Perl</SPAN
> server-side language.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-python</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Build the <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>PL/Python</SPAN
> server-side language.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-tcl</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Build the <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>PL/Tcl</SPAN
> server-side language.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-tclconfig=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Tcl installs the file <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>tclConfig.sh</TT
>, which
contains configuration information needed to build modules
interfacing to Tcl. This file is normally found automatically
at a well-known location, but if you want to use a different
version of Tcl you can specify the directory in which to look
for it.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-gssapi</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Build with support for GSSAPI authentication. On many
systems, the GSSAPI (usually a part of the Kerberos installation)
system is not installed in a location
that is searched by default (e.g., <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/include</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/lib</TT
>), so you must use the options
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-includes</TT
> and <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-libraries</TT
> in
addition to this option. <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
> will check
for the required header files and libraries to make sure that
your GSSAPI installation is sufficient before proceeding.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-krb-srvnam=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>NAME</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> The default name of the Kerberos service principal used
by GSSAPI.
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>postgres</TT
> is the default. There's usually no
reason to change this unless you have a Windows environment,
in which case it must be set to upper case
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>POSTGRES</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-openssl</TT
>
</DT
><DD
><P
> Build with support for <ACRONYM
CLASS="ACRONYM"
>SSL</ACRONYM
> (encrypted)
connections. This requires the <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>OpenSSL</SPAN
>
package to be installed. <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
> will check
for the required header files and libraries to make sure that
your <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>OpenSSL</SPAN
> installation is sufficient
before proceeding.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-pam</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Build with <ACRONYM
CLASS="ACRONYM"
>PAM</ACRONYM
>
(Pluggable Authentication Modules) support.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-bsd-auth</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Build with BSD Authentication support.
(The BSD Authentication framework is
currently only available on OpenBSD.)
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-ldap</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Build with <ACRONYM
CLASS="ACRONYM"
>LDAP</ACRONYM
>
support for authentication and connection parameter lookup (see
<A
HREF="libpq-ldap.html"
>Section 32.17</A
> and
<A
HREF="auth-methods.html#AUTH-LDAP"
>Section 20.3.7</A
> for more information). On Unix,
this requires the <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>OpenLDAP</SPAN
> package to be
installed. On Windows, the default <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>WinLDAP</SPAN
>
library is used. <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
> will check for the required
header files and libraries to make sure that your
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>OpenLDAP</SPAN
> installation is sufficient before
proceeding.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-systemd</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Build with support
for <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>systemd</SPAN
>
service notifications. This improves integration if the server binary
is started under <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>systemd</SPAN
> but has no impact
otherwise; see <A
HREF="server-start.html"
>Section 18.3</A
> for more
information. <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>libsystemd</SPAN
> and the
associated header files need to be installed to be able to use this
option.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--without-readline</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Prevents use of the <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Readline</SPAN
> library
(and <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>libedit</SPAN
> as well). This option disables
command-line editing and history in
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>psql</SPAN
>, so it is not recommended.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-libedit-preferred</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Favors the use of the BSD-licensed <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>libedit</SPAN
> library
rather than GPL-licensed <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Readline</SPAN
>. This option
is significant only if you have both libraries installed; the
default in that case is to use <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Readline</SPAN
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-bonjour</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Build with Bonjour support. This requires Bonjour support
in your operating system. Recommended on OS X.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-uuid=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>LIBRARY</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Build the
<A
HREF="uuid-ossp.html"
>uuid-ossp</A
> module
(which provides functions to generate UUIDs), using the specified
UUID library.
<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>LIBRARY</I
></TT
> must be one of:
</P
><P
></P
><UL
><LI
><P
> <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>bsd</TT
> to use the UUID functions found in FreeBSD, NetBSD,
and some other BSD-derived systems
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>e2fs</TT
> to use the UUID library created by
the <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>e2fsprogs</TT
> project; this library is present in most
Linux systems and in OS X, and can be obtained for other
platforms as well
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>ossp</TT
> to use the <A
HREF="http://www.ossp.org/pkg/lib/uuid/"
TARGET="_top"
>OSSP UUID library</A
>
</P
></LI
></UL
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-ossp-uuid</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Obsolete equivalent of <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>--with-uuid=ossp</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-libxml</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Build with libxml (enables SQL/XML support). Libxml version 2.6.23 or
later is required for this feature.
</P
><P
> Libxml installs a program <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>xml2-config</TT
> that
can be used to detect the required compiler and linker
options. PostgreSQL will use it automatically if found. To
specify a libxml installation at an unusual location, you can
either set the environment variable
<TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>XML2_CONFIG</TT
> to point to the
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>xml2-config</TT
> program belonging to the
installation, or use the options
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-includes</TT
> and
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-libraries</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-libxslt</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Use libxslt when building the
<A
HREF="xml2.html"
>xml2</A
>
module. <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>xml2</SPAN
> relies on this library
to perform XSL transformations of XML.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--disable-integer-datetimes</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Disable support for 64-bit integer storage for timestamps and
intervals, and store datetime values as floating-point
numbers instead. Floating-point datetime storage was the
default in <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> releases
prior to 8.4, but it is now deprecated, because it does not
support microsecond precision for the full range of
<TT
CLASS="TYPE"
>timestamp</TT
> values. However, integer-based
datetime storage requires a 64-bit integer type. Therefore,
this option can be used when no such type is available, or
for compatibility with applications written for prior
versions of <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
>. See
<A
HREF="datatype-datetime.html"
>Section 8.5</A
>
for more information.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--disable-float4-byval</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Disable passing float4 values <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"by value"</SPAN
>, causing them
to be passed <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"by reference"</SPAN
> instead. This option costs
performance, but may be needed for compatibility with old
user-defined functions that are written in C and use the
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"version 0"</SPAN
> calling convention. A better long-term
solution is to update any such functions to use the
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"version 1"</SPAN
> calling convention.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--disable-float8-byval</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Disable passing float8 values <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"by value"</SPAN
>, causing them
to be passed <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"by reference"</SPAN
> instead. This option costs
performance, but may be needed for compatibility with old
user-defined functions that are written in C and use the
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"version 0"</SPAN
> calling convention. A better long-term
solution is to update any such functions to use the
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"version 1"</SPAN
> calling convention.
Note that this option affects not only float8, but also int8 and some
related types such as timestamp.
On 32-bit platforms, <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--disable-float8-byval</TT
> is the default
and it is not allowed to select <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--enable-float8-byval</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-segsize=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>SEGSIZE</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Set the <I
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
>segment size</I
>, in gigabytes. Large tables are
divided into multiple operating-system files, each of size equal
to the segment size. This avoids problems with file size limits
that exist on many platforms. The default segment size, 1 gigabyte,
is safe on all supported platforms. If your operating system has
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"largefile"</SPAN
> support (which most do, nowadays), you can use
a larger segment size. This can be helpful to reduce the number of
file descriptors consumed when working with very large tables.
But be careful not to select a value larger than is supported
by your platform and the file systems you intend to use. Other
tools you might wish to use, such as <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>tar</SPAN
>, could
also set limits on the usable file size.
It is recommended, though not absolutely required, that this value
be a power of 2.
Note that changing this value requires an initdb.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-blocksize=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>BLOCKSIZE</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Set the <I
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
>block size</I
>, in kilobytes. This is the unit
of storage and I/O within tables. The default, 8 kilobytes,
is suitable for most situations; but other values may be useful
in special cases.
The value must be a power of 2 between 1 and 32 (kilobytes).
Note that changing this value requires an initdb.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-wal-segsize=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>SEGSIZE</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Set the <I
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
>WAL segment size</I
>, in megabytes. This is
the size of each individual file in the WAL log. It may be useful
to adjust this size to control the granularity of WAL log shipping.
The default size is 16 megabytes.
The value must be a power of 2 between 1 and 64 (megabytes).
Note that changing this value requires an initdb.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-wal-blocksize=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>BLOCKSIZE</I
></TT
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Set the <I
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
>WAL block size</I
>, in kilobytes. This is the unit
of storage and I/O within the WAL log. The default, 8 kilobytes,
is suitable for most situations; but other values may be useful
in special cases.
The value must be a power of 2 between 1 and 64 (kilobytes).
Note that changing this value requires an initdb.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--disable-spinlocks</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Allow the build to succeed even if <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
>
has no CPU spinlock support for the platform. The lack of
spinlock support will result in poor performance; therefore,
this option should only be used if the build aborts and
informs you that the platform lacks spinlock support. If this
option is required to build <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> on
your platform, please report the problem to the
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> developers.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--disable-thread-safety</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Disable the thread-safety of client libraries. This prevents
concurrent threads in <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>libpq</SPAN
> and
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>ECPG</SPAN
> programs from safely controlling
their private connection handles.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--with-system-tzdata=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
></TT
>
</DT
><DD
><P
> <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> includes its own time zone database,
which it requires for date and time operations. This time zone
database is in fact compatible with the IANA time zone
database provided by many operating systems such as FreeBSD,
Linux, and Solaris, so it would be redundant to install it again.
When this option is used, the system-supplied time zone database
in <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
> is used instead of the one
included in the PostgreSQL source distribution.
<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>DIRECTORY</I
></TT
> must be specified as an
absolute path. <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/share/zoneinfo</TT
> is a
likely directory on some operating systems. Note that the
installation routine will not detect mismatching or erroneous time
zone data. If you use this option, you are advised to run the
regression tests to verify that the time zone data you have
pointed to works correctly with <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
>.
</P
><P
> This option is mainly aimed at binary package distributors
who know their target operating system well. The main
advantage of using this option is that the PostgreSQL package
won't need to be upgraded whenever any of the many local
daylight-saving time rules change. Another advantage is that
PostgreSQL can be cross-compiled more straightforwardly if the
time zone database files do not need to be built during the
installation.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--without-zlib</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>
Prevents use of the <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>Zlib</SPAN
> library. This disables
support for compressed archives in <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>pg_dump</SPAN
>
and <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>pg_restore</SPAN
>.
This option is only intended for those rare systems where this
library is not available.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--enable-debug</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Compiles all programs and libraries with debugging symbols.
This means that you can run the programs in a debugger
to analyze problems. This enlarges the size of the installed
executables considerably, and on non-GCC compilers it usually
also disables compiler optimization, causing slowdowns. However,
having the symbols available is extremely helpful for dealing
with any problems that might arise. Currently, this option is
recommended for production installations only if you use GCC.
But you should always have it on if you are doing development work
or running a beta version.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--enable-coverage</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> If using GCC, all programs and libraries are compiled with
code coverage testing instrumentation. When run, they
generate files in the build directory with code coverage
metrics.
See <A
HREF="regress-coverage.html"
>Section 31.5</A
>
for more information. This option is for use only with GCC
and when doing development work.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--enable-profiling</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> If using GCC, all programs and libraries are compiled so they
can be profiled. On backend exit, a subdirectory will be created
that contains the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>gmon.out</TT
> file for use in profiling.
This option is for use only with GCC and when doing development work.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--enable-cassert</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Enables <I
CLASS="FIRSTTERM"
>assertion</I
> checks in the server, which test for
many <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"cannot happen"</SPAN
> conditions. This is invaluable for
code development purposes, but the tests can slow down the
server significantly.
Also, having the tests turned on won't necessarily enhance the
stability of your server! The assertion checks are not categorized
for severity, and so what might be a relatively harmless bug will
still lead to server restarts if it triggers an assertion
failure. This option is not recommended for production use, but
you should have it on for development work or when running a beta
version.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--enable-depend</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Enables automatic dependency tracking. With this option, the
makefiles are set up so that all affected object files will
be rebuilt when any header file is changed. This is useful
if you are doing development work, but is just wasted overhead
if you intend only to compile once and install. At present,
this option only works with GCC.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--enable-dtrace</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>
Compiles <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> with support for the
dynamic tracing tool DTrace.
See <A
HREF="dynamic-trace.html"
>Section 28.5</A
>
for more information.
</P
><P
> To point to the <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dtrace</TT
> program, the
environment variable <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>DTRACE</TT
> can be set. This
will often be necessary because <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dtrace</TT
> is
typically installed under <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/sbin</TT
>,
which might not be in the path.
</P
><P
> Extra command-line options for the <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dtrace</TT
> program
can be specified in the environment variable
<TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>DTRACEFLAGS</TT
>. On Solaris,
to include DTrace support in a 64-bit binary, you must specify
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>DTRACEFLAGS="-64"</TT
> to configure. For example,
using the GCC compiler:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
>./configure CC='gcc -m64' --enable-dtrace DTRACEFLAGS='-64' ...</PRE
><P>
Using Sun's compiler:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
>./configure CC='/opt/SUNWspro/bin/cc -xtarget=native64' --enable-dtrace DTRACEFLAGS='-64' ...</PRE
><P>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--enable-tap-tests</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Enable tests using the Perl TAP tools. This requires a Perl
installation and the Perl module <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>IPC::Run</TT
>.
See <A
HREF="regress-tap.html"
>Section 31.4</A
> for more information.
</P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
><P>
</P
><P
> If you prefer a C compiler different from the one
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
> picks, you can set the
environment variable <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>CC</TT
> to the program of your choice.
By default, <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
> will pick
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>gcc</TT
> if available, else the platform's
default (usually <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>cc</TT
>). Similarly, you can override the
default compiler flags if needed with the <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>CFLAGS</TT
> variable.
</P
><P
> You can specify environment variables on the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
> command line, for example:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>./configure CC=/opt/bin/gcc CFLAGS='-O2 -pipe'</KBD
></PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> Here is a list of the significant variables that can be set in
this manner:
<P
></P
></P><DIV
CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
><DL
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>BISON</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Bison program
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>CC</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> C compiler
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>CFLAGS</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> options to pass to the C compiler
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>CPP</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> C preprocessor
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>CPPFLAGS</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> options to pass to the C preprocessor
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>DTRACE</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> location of the <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dtrace</TT
> program
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>DTRACEFLAGS</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> options to pass to the <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>dtrace</TT
> program
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>FLEX</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Flex program
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>LDFLAGS</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> options to use when linking either executables or shared libraries
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>LDFLAGS_EX</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> additional options for linking executables only
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>LDFLAGS_SL</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> additional options for linking shared libraries only
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>MSGFMT</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>msgfmt</TT
> program for native language support
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>PERL</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Full path name of the Perl interpreter. This will be used to
determine the dependencies for building PL/Perl.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>PYTHON</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Full path name of the Python interpreter. This will be used to
determine the dependencies for building PL/Python. Also,
whether Python 2 or 3 is specified here (or otherwise
implicitly chosen) determines which variant of the PL/Python
language becomes available. See
<A
HREF="plpython-python23.html"
>Section 44.1</A
>
for more information. If this is not set, the following are probed
in this order: <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>python python3 python2</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>TCLSH</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Full path name of the Tcl interpreter. This will be used to
determine the dependencies for building PL/Tcl, and it will
be substituted into Tcl scripts.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>XML2_CONFIG</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>xml2-config</TT
> program used to locate the
libxml installation.
</P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
><P>
</P
><P
> Sometimes it is useful to add compiler flags after-the-fact to the set
that were chosen by <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
>. An important example is
that <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>gcc</SPAN
>'s <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-Werror</TT
> option cannot be included
in the <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>CFLAGS</TT
> passed to <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
>, because
it will break many of <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
>'s built-in tests. To add
such flags, include them in the <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>COPT</TT
> environment variable
while running <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>make</TT
>. The contents of <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>COPT</TT
>
are added to both the <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>CFLAGS</TT
> and <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>LDFLAGS</TT
>
options set up by <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>configure</TT
>. For example, you could do
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make COPT='-Werror'</KBD
></PRE
><P>
or
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>export COPT='-Werror'</KBD
>
<KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make</KBD
></PRE
><P>
</P
><DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
> When developing code inside the server, it is recommended to
use the configure options <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--enable-cassert</TT
> (which
turns on many run-time error checks) and <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>--enable-debug</TT
>
(which improves the usefulness of debugging tools).
</P
><P
> If using GCC, it is best to build with an optimization level of
at least <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-O1</TT
>, because using no optimization
(<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-O0</TT
>) disables some important compiler warnings (such
as the use of uninitialized variables). However, non-zero
optimization levels can complicate debugging because stepping
through compiled code will usually not match up one-to-one with
source code lines. If you get confused while trying to debug
optimized code, recompile the specific files of interest with
<TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-O0</TT
>. An easy way to do this is by passing an option
to <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>make</SPAN
>: <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>make PROFILE=-O0 file.o</TT
>.
</P
><P
> The <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>COPT</TT
> and <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>PROFILE</TT
> environment variables are
actually handled identically by the <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
>
makefiles. Which to use is a matter of preference, but a common habit
among developers is to use <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>PROFILE</TT
> for one-time flag
adjustments, while <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>COPT</TT
> might be kept set all the time.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
></LI
><LI
CLASS="STEP"
><A
NAME="BUILD"
></A
><P
><B
>Build</B
></P
><P
> To start the build, type:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make</KBD
></PRE
><P>
(Remember to use <ACRONYM
CLASS="ACRONYM"
>GNU</ACRONYM
> <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>make</SPAN
>.) The build
will take a few minutes depending on your
hardware. The last line displayed should be:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
>All of PostgreSQL successfully made. Ready to install.</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> If you want to build everything that can be built, including the
documentation (HTML and man pages), and the additional modules
(<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>contrib</TT
>), type instead:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make world</KBD
></PRE
><P>
The last line displayed should be:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
>PostgreSQL, contrib, and documentation successfully made. Ready to install.</PRE
><P>
</P
></LI
><LI
CLASS="STEP"
><P
><B
>Regression Tests</B
></P
><P
> If you want to test the newly built server before you install it,
you can run the regression tests at this point. The regression
tests are a test suite to verify that <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
>
runs on your machine in the way the developers expected it
to. Type:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make check</KBD
></PRE
><P>
(This won't work as root; do it as an unprivileged user.)
<A
HREF="regress.html"
>Chapter 31</A
> contains
detailed information about interpreting the test results. You can
repeat this test at any later time by issuing the same command.
</P
></LI
><LI
CLASS="STEP"
><A
NAME="INSTALL"
></A
><P
><B
>Installing the Files</B
></P
><DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
> If you are upgrading an existing system be sure to read
<A
HREF="upgrading.html"
>Section 18.6</A
>
which has instructions about upgrading a
cluster.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><P
> To install <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> enter:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make install</KBD
></PRE
><P>
This will install files into the directories that were specified
in <A
HREF="install-procedure.html#CONFIGURE"
>step 1</A
>. Make sure that you have appropriate
permissions to write into that area. Normally you need to do this
step as root. Alternatively, you can create the target
directories in advance and arrange for appropriate permissions to
be granted.
</P
><P
> To install the documentation (HTML and man pages), enter:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make install-docs</KBD
></PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> If you built the world above, type instead:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make install-world</KBD
></PRE
><P>
This also installs the documentation.
</P
><P
> You can use <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>make install-strip</TT
> instead of
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>make install</TT
> to strip the executable files and
libraries as they are installed. This will save some space. If
you built with debugging support, stripping will effectively
remove the debugging support, so it should only be done if
debugging is no longer needed. <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>install-strip</TT
>
tries to do a reasonable job saving space, but it does not have
perfect knowledge of how to strip every unneeded byte from an
executable file, so if you want to save all the disk space you
possibly can, you will have to do manual work.
</P
><P
> The standard installation provides all the header files needed for client
application development as well as for server-side program
development, such as custom functions or data types written in C.
(Prior to <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> 8.0, a separate <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>make
install-all-headers</TT
> command was needed for the latter, but this
step has been folded into the standard install.)
</P
><DIV
CLASS="FORMALPARA"
><P
><B
>Client-only installation: </B
> If you want to install only the client applications and
interface libraries, then you can use these commands:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make -C src/bin install</KBD
>
<KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make -C src/include install</KBD
>
<KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make -C src/interfaces install</KBD
>
<KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>make -C doc install</KBD
></PRE
><P>
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>src/bin</TT
> has a few binaries for server-only use,
but they are small.
</P
></DIV
></LI
></OL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="FORMALPARA"
><P
><B
>Uninstallation: </B
> To undo the installation use the command <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>make
uninstall</TT
>. However, this will not remove any created directories.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="FORMALPARA"
><P
><B
>Cleaning: </B
> After the installation you can free disk space by removing the built
files from the source tree with the command <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>make
clean</TT
>. This will preserve the files made by the <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
>
program, so that you can rebuild everything with <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>make</TT
>
later on. To reset the source tree to the state in which it was
distributed, use <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>make distclean</TT
>. If you are going to
build for several platforms within the same source tree you must do
this and re-configure for each platform. (Alternatively, use
a separate build tree for each platform, so that the source tree
remains unmodified.)
</P
></DIV
><P
> If you perform a build and then discover that your <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
>
options were wrong, or if you change anything that <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>configure</TT
>
investigates (for example, software upgrades), then it's a good
idea to do <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>make distclean</TT
> before reconfiguring and
rebuilding. Without this, your changes in configuration choices
might not propagate everywhere they need to.
</P
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