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<div class="section" id="class-and-instance-objects">
<span id="classobjects"></span><h1>Class and Instance Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#class-and-instance-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p id="index-0">Note that the class objects described here represent old-style classes, which
will go away in Python 3. When creating new types for extension modules, you
will want to work with type objects (section <a class="reference internal" href="type.html#typeobjects"><span class="std std-ref">Type Objects</span></a>).</p>
<dl class="type">
<dt id="c.PyClassObject">
<code class="descname">PyClassObject</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyClassObject" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The C structure of the objects used to describe built-in classes.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="var">
<dt id="c.PyClass_Type">
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>* <code class="descname">PyClass_Type</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyClass_Type" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p id="index-1">This is the type object for class objects; it is the same object as
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">types.ClassType</span></code> in the Python layer.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyClass_Check">
int <code class="descname">PyClass_Check</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *o</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyClass_Check" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return true if the object <em>o</em> is a class object, including instances of types
derived from the standard class object. Return false in all other cases.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyClass_IsSubclass">
int <code class="descname">PyClass_IsSubclass</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *klass</em>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *base</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyClass_IsSubclass" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return true if <em>klass</em> is a subclass of <em>base</em>. Return false in all other cases.</p>
</dd></dl>
<p id="index-2">There are very few functions specific to instance objects.</p>
<dl class="var">
<dt id="c.PyInstance_Type">
<a class="reference internal" href="type.html#c.PyTypeObject" title="PyTypeObject">PyTypeObject</a> <code class="descname">PyInstance_Type</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstance_Type" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Type object for class instances.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyInstance_Check">
int <code class="descname">PyInstance_Check</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *obj</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstance_Check" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return true if <em>obj</em> is an instance.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyInstance_New">
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>* <code class="descname">PyInstance_New</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *class</em>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *arg</em>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *kw</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstance_New" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><em class="refcount">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Create a new instance of a specific class. The parameters <em>arg</em> and <em>kw</em> are
used as the positional and keyword parameters to the object’s constructor.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyInstance_NewRaw">
<a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>* <code class="descname">PyInstance_NewRaw</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *class</em>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *dict</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyInstance_NewRaw" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><em class="refcount">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Create a new instance of a specific class without calling its constructor.
<em>class</em> is the class of new object. The <em>dict</em> parameter will be used as the
object’s <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#object.__dict__" title="object.__dict__"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__dict__</span></code></a>; if <em>NULL</em>, a new dictionary will be created for the
instance.</p>
</dd></dl>
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