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<div class="section" id="module-compileall">
<span id="compileall-byte-compile-python-libraries"></span><h1>32.11. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-compileall" title="compileall: Tools for byte-compiling all Python source files in a directory tree."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">compileall</span></code></a> — Byte-compile Python libraries<a class="headerlink" href="#module-compileall" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/2.7/Lib/compileall.py">Lib/compileall.py</a></p>
<hr class="docutils" />
<p>This module provides some utility functions to support installing Python
libraries. These functions compile Python source files in a directory tree.
This module can be used to create the cached byte-code files at library
installation time, which makes them available for use even by users who don’t
have write permission to the library directories.</p>
<div class="section" id="command-line-use">
<h2>32.11.1. Command-line use<a class="headerlink" href="#command-line-use" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>This module can work as a script (using <strong class="program">python -m compileall</strong>) to
compile Python sources.</p>
<dl class="cmdoption">
<dt id="cmdoption-compileall-arg-directory">
<code class="descname">directory</code><code class="descclassname"> ...</code><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-compileall-arg-directory" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="cmdoption-compileall-arg-file">
<code class="descname">file</code><code class="descclassname"> ...</code><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-compileall-arg-file" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Positional arguments are files to compile or directories that contain
source files, traversed recursively. If no argument is given, behave as if
the command line was <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-l</span> <span class="pre"><directories</span> <span class="pre">from</span> <span class="pre">sys.path></span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="cmdoption">
<dt id="cmdoption-compileall-l">
<code class="descname">-l</code><code class="descclassname"></code><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-compileall-l" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Do not recurse into subdirectories, only compile source code files directly
contained in the named or implied directories.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="cmdoption">
<dt id="cmdoption-compileall-f">
<code class="descname">-f</code><code class="descclassname"></code><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-compileall-f" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Force rebuild even if timestamps are up-to-date.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="cmdoption">
<dt id="cmdoption-compileall-q">
<code class="descname">-q</code><code class="descclassname"></code><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-compileall-q" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Do not print the list of files compiled, print only error messages.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="cmdoption">
<dt id="cmdoption-compileall-d">
<code class="descname">-d</code><code class="descclassname"> destdir</code><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-compileall-d" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Directory prepended to the path to each file being compiled. This will
appear in compilation time tracebacks, and is also compiled in to the
byte-code file, where it will be used in tracebacks and other messages in
cases where the source file does not exist at the time the byte-code file is
executed.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="cmdoption">
<dt id="cmdoption-compileall-x">
<code class="descname">-x</code><code class="descclassname"> regex</code><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-compileall-x" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>regex is used to search the full path to each file considered for
compilation, and if the regex produces a match, the file is skipped.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="cmdoption">
<dt id="cmdoption-compileall-i">
<code class="descname">-i</code><code class="descclassname"> list</code><a class="headerlink" href="#cmdoption-compileall-i" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Read the file <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list</span></code> and add each line that it contains to the list of
files and directories to compile. If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list</span></code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-</span></code>, read lines from
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stdin</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">Changed in version 2.7: </span>Added the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-i</span></code> option.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="public-functions">
<h2>32.11.2. Public functions<a class="headerlink" href="#public-functions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="compileall.compile_dir">
<code class="descclassname">compileall.</code><code class="descname">compile_dir</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>dir</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>maxlevels</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>ddir</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>force</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>rx</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>quiet</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#compileall.compile_dir" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Recursively descend the directory tree named by <em>dir</em>, compiling all <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.py</span></code>
files along the way.</p>
<p>The <em>maxlevels</em> parameter is used to limit the depth of the recursion; it
defaults to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">10</span></code>.</p>
<p>If <em>ddir</em> is given, it is prepended to the path to each file being compiled
for use in compilation time tracebacks, and is also compiled in to the
byte-code file, where it will be used in tracebacks and other messages in
cases where the source file does not exist at the time the byte-code file is
executed.</p>
<p>If <em>force</em> is true, modules are re-compiled even if the timestamps are up to
date.</p>
<p>If <em>rx</em> is given, its search method is called on the complete path to each
file considered for compilation, and if it returns a true value, the file
is skipped.</p>
<p>If <em>quiet</em> is true, nothing is printed to the standard output unless errors
occur.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="compileall.compile_file">
<code class="descclassname">compileall.</code><code class="descname">compile_file</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>fullname</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>ddir</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>force</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>rx</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>quiet</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#compileall.compile_file" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Compile the file with path <em>fullname</em>.</p>
<p>If <em>ddir</em> is given, it is prepended to the path to the file being compiled
for use in compilation time tracebacks, and is also compiled in to the
byte-code file, where it will be used in tracebacks and other messages in
cases where the source file does not exist at the time the byte-code file is
executed.</p>
<p>If <em>rx</em> is given, its search method is passed the full path name to the
file being compiled, and if it returns a true value, the file is not
compiled and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> is returned.</p>
<p>If <em>quiet</em> is true, nothing is printed to the standard output unless errors
occur.</p>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 2.7.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="compileall.compile_path">
<code class="descclassname">compileall.</code><code class="descname">compile_path</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>skip_curdir</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>maxlevels</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>force</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#compileall.compile_path" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Byte-compile all the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.py</span></code> files found along <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code>. If
<em>skip_curdir</em> is true (the default), the current directory is not included
in the search. All other parameters are passed to the <a class="reference internal" href="#compileall.compile_dir" title="compileall.compile_dir"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">compile_dir()</span></code></a>
function. Note that unlike the other compile functions, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">maxlevels</span></code>
defaults to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>To force a recompile of all the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.py</span></code> files in the <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Lib/</span></code>
subdirectory and all its subdirectories:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">compileall</span>
<span class="n">compileall</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">compile_dir</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Lib/'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">force</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Perform same compilation, excluding files in .svn directories.</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">re</span>
<span class="n">compileall</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">compile_dir</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Lib/'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rx</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">re</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">compile</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">r</span><span class="s1">'[/</span><span class="se">\\</span><span class="s1">][.]svn'</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">force</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<dl class="simple">
<dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="py_compile.html#module-py_compile" title="py_compile: Generate byte-code files from Python source files."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">py_compile</span></code></a></dt><dd><p>Byte-compile a single source file.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
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<h3><a href="../contents.html">Table of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">32.11. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">compileall</span></code> — Byte-compile Python libraries</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#command-line-use">32.11.1. Command-line use</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#public-functions">32.11.2. Public functions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Previous topic</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="py_compile.html"
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<h4>Next topic</h4>
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