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<h3><a name="toc">Contents</a></h3>
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<li class="level1"><a href="#d-finition-de-la-classe-addressbook">Définition de la classe AddressBook</a></li>
<li class="level1"><a href="#impl-mentation-de-la-classe-addressbook">Implémentation de la classe AddressBook</a></li>
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<h1 class="title">Carnet d'adresse 7 - Fonctionnalités avancées</h1>
<span class="subtitle"></span>
<!-- $$$tutorials/addressbook-fr/part7-description -->
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<p>Files:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="tutorials-addressbook-fr-part7-addressbook-cpp.html">tutorials/addressbook-fr/part7/addressbook.cpp</a></li>
<li><a href="tutorials-addressbook-fr-part7-addressbook-h.html">tutorials/addressbook-fr/part7/addressbook.h</a></li>
<li><a href="tutorials-addressbook-fr-part7-finddialog-cpp.html">tutorials/addressbook-fr/part7/finddialog.cpp</a></li>
<li><a href="tutorials-addressbook-fr-part7-finddialog-h.html">tutorials/addressbook-fr/part7/finddialog.h</a></li>
<li><a href="tutorials-addressbook-fr-part7-main-cpp.html">tutorials/addressbook-fr/part7/main.cpp</a></li>
<li><a href="tutorials-addressbook-fr-part7-part7-pro.html">tutorials/addressbook-fr/part7/part7.pro</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Ce chapitre couvre quelques fonctionnalités additionnelles qui feront de notre carnet d'adresses une application plus pratique pour une utilisation quotidienne.</p>
<p class="centerAlign"><img src="images/addressbook-tutorial-part7-screenshot.png" alt="" /></p><p>Bien que notre application carnet d'adresses soit utile en tant que telle, il serait pratique de pouvoir échanger les contacts avec d'autres applications. Le format vCard est un un format de fichier populaire pour échanger ce type de données. Dans ce chapitre, nous étendrons notre carnet d'adresses pour permettre d'exporter des contacts dans des fichiers vCard <tt>.vcf</tt>.</p>
<a name="d-finition-de-la-classe-addressbook"></a>
<h2>Définition de la classe AddressBook</h2>
<p>Nous ajoutons un objet <a href="qpushbutton.html">QPushButton</a>, <tt>exportButton</tt>, et un slot public correspondant, <tt>exportAsVCard()</tt>, à notre classe <tt>AddressBook</tt> dans le fichier <tt>addressbook.h</tt>.</p>
<pre class="cpp"> <span class="type">void</span> exportAsVCard();
...
<span class="type"><a href="qpushbutton.html">QPushButton</a></span> <span class="operator">*</span>exportButton;</pre>
<a name="impl-mentation-de-la-classe-addressbook"></a>
<h2>Implémentation de la classe AddressBook</h2>
<p>Dans le constructeur de <tt>AddressBook</tt>, nous connectons le signal <a href="qabstractbutton.html#clicked">clicked()</a> de <tt>exportButton</tt> au slot <tt>exportAsVCard()</tt>. Nous ajoutons aussi ce bouton à <tt>buttonLayout1</tt>, le layout responsable du groupe de boutons sur la droite.</p>
<p>Dans la méthode <tt>exportAsVCard()</tt>, nous commençons par extraire le nom du contact dans \n name. Nous déclarons <tt>firstname</tt>, <tt>lastName</tt> et <tt>nameList</tt>. Ensuite, nous cherchons la position du premier espace blanc de <tt>name</tt>. Si il y a un espace, nous séparons le nom du contact en <tt>firstName</tt> et <tt>lastName</tt>. Finalement, nous remplaçons l'espace par un underscore ("<a href="index.html">_</a>"). Si il n'y a pas d'espace, nous supposons que le contact ne comprend que le prénom.</p>
<pre class="cpp"> <span class="type">void</span> AddressBook<span class="operator">::</span>exportAsVCard()
{
<span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> name <span class="operator">=</span> nameLine<span class="operator">-</span><span class="operator">></span>text();
<span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> address <span class="operator">=</span> addressText<span class="operator">-</span><span class="operator">></span>toPlainText();
<span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> firstName;
<span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> lastName;
<span class="type"><a href="qstringlist.html">QStringList</a></span> nameList;
<span class="type">int</span> index <span class="operator">=</span> name<span class="operator">.</span>indexOf(<span class="string">" "</span>);
<span class="keyword">if</span> (index <span class="operator">!</span><span class="operator">=</span> <span class="operator">-</span><span class="number">1</span>) {
nameList <span class="operator">=</span> name<span class="operator">.</span>split(<span class="type"><a href="qregexp.html">QRegExp</a></span>(<span class="string">"\\s+"</span>)<span class="operator">,</span> <span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span><span class="operator">::</span>SkipEmptyParts);
firstName <span class="operator">=</span> nameList<span class="operator">.</span>first();
lastName <span class="operator">=</span> nameList<span class="operator">.</span>last();
} <span class="keyword">else</span> {
firstName <span class="operator">=</span> name;
lastName <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="string">""</span>;
}
<span class="type"><a href="qstring.html">QString</a></span> fileName <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="type"><a href="qfiledialog.html">QFileDialog</a></span><span class="operator">::</span>getSaveFileName(<span class="keyword">this</span><span class="operator">,</span>
tr(<span class="string">"Export Contact"</span>)<span class="operator">,</span> <span class="string">""</span><span class="operator">,</span>
tr(<span class="string">"vCard Files (*.vcf);;All Files (*)"</span>));
<span class="keyword">if</span> (fileName<span class="operator">.</span>isEmpty())
<span class="keyword">return</span>;
<span class="type"><a href="qfile.html">QFile</a></span> file(fileName);</pre>
<p>Comme pour la méthode <tt>saveToFile()</tt>, nous ouvrons une boîte de dialogue pour donner la possibilité à l'utilisateur de choisir un emplacement pour le fichier. Avec le nom de fichier choisi, nous créons une instance de <a href="qfile.html">QFile</a> pour y écrire.</p>
<p>Nous essayons d'ouvrir le fichier en mode <a href="qiodevice.html#OpenModeFlag-enum">WriteOnly</a>. Si cela échoue, nous affichons un <a href="qmessagebox.html">QMessageBox</a> pour informer l'utilisateur à propos de l'origine du problème et nous quittons la méthode. Sinon, nous passons le fichier comme paramètre pour créer un objet <a href="qtextstream.html">QTextStream</a>, <tt>out</tt>. De la même façon que <a href="qdatastream.html">QDataStream</a>, la classe <a href="qtextstream.html">QTextStream</a> fournit les fonctionnalités pour lire et écrire des fichiers de texte. Grâce à celà, le fichier <tt>.vcf</tt> généré pourra être ouvert et édité à l'aide d'un simple éditeur de texte.</p>
<pre class="cpp"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="operator">!</span>file<span class="operator">.</span>open(<span class="type"><a href="qiodevice.html">QIODevice</a></span><span class="operator">::</span>WriteOnly)) {
<span class="type"><a href="qmessagebox.html">QMessageBox</a></span><span class="operator">::</span>information(<span class="keyword">this</span><span class="operator">,</span> tr(<span class="string">"Unable to open file"</span>)<span class="operator">,</span>
file<span class="operator">.</span>errorString());
<span class="keyword">return</span>;
}
<span class="type"><a href="qtextstream.html">QTextStream</a></span> out(<span class="operator">&</span>file);</pre>
<p>Nous écrivons ensuite un fichier vCard avec la balise <tt>BEGIN:VCARD</tt>, suivit par <tt>VERSION:2.1</tt>. Le nom d'un contact est écrit à l'aide de la balise <tt>N:</tt>. Pour la balise <tt>FN:</tt>, qui remplit le titre du contact, nous devons vérifier si le contact à un nom de famille défini ou non. Si oui, nous utilions les détails de <tt>nameList</tt> pour remplir le champ, dans le cas contraire on écrit uniquement le contenu de <tt>firstName</tt>.</p>
<pre class="cpp"> out <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"BEGIN:VCARD"</span> <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span>;
out <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"VERSION:2.1"</span> <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span>;
out <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"N:"</span> <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> lastName <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">";"</span> <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> firstName <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span>;
<span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="operator">!</span>nameList<span class="operator">.</span>isEmpty())
out <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"FN:"</span> <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> nameList<span class="operator">.</span>join(<span class="string">" "</span>) <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span>;
<span class="keyword">else</span>
out <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"FN:"</span> <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> firstName <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span>;</pre>
<p>Nous continuons en écrivant l'adresse du contact. Les points-virgules dans l'adresse sont échappés à l'aide de "\", les retours de ligne sont remplacés par des points-virgules, et les vigules sont remplacées par des espaces. Finalement nous écrivons les balises <tt>ADR;HOME:;</tt> suivies par l'adresse et la balise <tt>END:VCARD</tt>.</p>
<pre class="cpp"> address<span class="operator">.</span>replace(<span class="string">";"</span><span class="operator">,</span> <span class="string">"\\;"</span><span class="operator">,</span> <span class="type"><a href="qt.html">Qt</a></span><span class="operator">::</span>CaseInsensitive);
address<span class="operator">.</span>replace(<span class="string">"\n"</span><span class="operator">,</span> <span class="string">";"</span><span class="operator">,</span> <span class="type"><a href="qt.html">Qt</a></span><span class="operator">::</span>CaseInsensitive);
address<span class="operator">.</span>replace(<span class="string">","</span><span class="operator">,</span> <span class="string">" "</span><span class="operator">,</span> <span class="type"><a href="qt.html">Qt</a></span><span class="operator">::</span>CaseInsensitive);
out <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"ADR;HOME:;"</span> <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> address <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span>;
out <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"END:VCARD"</span> <span class="operator"><</span><span class="operator"><</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span>;
<span class="type"><a href="qmessagebox.html">QMessageBox</a></span><span class="operator">::</span>information(<span class="keyword">this</span><span class="operator">,</span> tr(<span class="string">"Export Successful"</span>)<span class="operator">,</span>
tr(<span class="string">"\"%1\" has been exported as a vCard."</span>)<span class="operator">.</span>arg(name));
}</pre>
<p>À la fin de la méthode, un <a href="qmessagebox.html">QMessageBox</a> est affiché pour informer l'utilisateur que la vCard a été exportée avec succès.</p>
<p><i>vCard est une marque déposée de <a href="http://www.imc.org">Internet Mail Consortium</a></i>.</p>
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