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<title>Nginx 1.4.x on Unix systems</title>
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<h2 class="title">Nginx 1.4.x on Unix systems</h2>
<p class="para">
This documentation will cover installing and configuring PHP with
PHP-FPM for a Nginx 1.4.x HTTP server.
</p>
<p class="para">
This guide will assume that you have built Nginx from source and therefore
all binaries and configuration files are located at
<em>/usr/local/nginx</em>. If this is not the case and you have
obtained Nginx through other means then please refer to the
<a href="http://wiki.nginx.org/Main" class="link external">» Nginx Wiki</a> in order to translate
this manual to your setup.
</p>
<p class="para">
This guide will cover the basics of configuring an Nginx server to
process PHP applications and serve them on port 80, it is recommended
that you study the Nginx and PHP-FPM documentation if you wish to
optimise your setup past the scope of this documentation.
</p>
<p class="para">
Please note that throughout this documentation version numbers have been
replaced with an 'x' to ensure this documentation stays correct in the future,
please replace these as necessary with the corresponding version numbers.
</p>
<ol type="1">
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
It is recomended that you visit the Nginx Wiki
<a href="http://wiki.nginx.org/Install" class="link external">» install</a> page
in order to obtain and install Nginx on your system.
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
Obtain and unpack the PHP source:
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
tar zxf php-x.x.x
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
Configure and build PHP. This is where you customize PHP
with various options, like which extensions will be enabled. Run
./configure --help for a list of available options. In our example
we'll do a simple configure with PHP-FPM and MySQLi support.
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
cd ../php-x.x.x
./configure --enable-fpm --with-mysqli
make
sudo make install
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
Obtain and move configuration files to their correct locations
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/php.ini
cp /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf
cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm /usr/local/bin
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
It is important that we prevent Nginx from passing requests to the
PHP-FPM backend if the file does not exists, allowing us to prevent
arbitrarily script injection.
</p>
<p class="para">
We can fix this by setting the
<a href="ini.core.html#ini.cgi.fix-pathinfo" class="link">cgi.fix_pathinfo</a>
directive to <em>0</em> within our php.ini file.
</p>
<p class="para">
Load up php.ini:
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
vim /usr/local/php/php.ini
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
Locate <em>cgi.fix_pathinfo=</em> and modify it as follows:
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
php-fpm.conf must be modified to specify that php-fpm must run as the user
www-data and the group www-data before we can start the service:
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
vim /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
Find and modify the following:
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
; will be used.
user = www-data
group = www-data
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
The php-fpm service can now be started:
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
/usr/local/bin/php-fpm
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
This guide will not configure php-fpm any further, if you are interested
in further configuring php-fpm then please consult the documentation.
</p>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
Nginx must now be configured to support the processing of PHP applications:
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
Modify the default location block to be aware it must attempt
to serve .php files:
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="nginx-confcode"><pre class="nginx-confcode">location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
The next step is to ensure that .php files are passed to the
PHP-FPM backend. Below the commented default PHP location block,
enter the following:
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents">
<div class="nginx-confcode"><pre class="nginx-confcode">location ~* \.php$ {
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
}</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
Restart Nginx.
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<p class="para">
Create a test file
</p>
<div class="informalexample">
<div class="example-contents screen">
<div class="cdata"><pre>
rm /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html
echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" >> /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="para">
Now navigate to http://localhost. The phpinfo() should now be shown.
</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p class="para">
Following the steps above you will have a running Nginx web server with
support for PHP as an <em>FPM</em> <em>SAPI</em> module. Of course there are
many more configuration options available for Nginx and PHP. For more
information type <strong class="command">./configure --help</strong> in the corresponding
source tree.
</p>
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