<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>1.2. Architectural Fundamentals</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="tutorial-install.html" title="1.1. Installation" /><link rel="next" href="tutorial-createdb.html" title="1.3. Creating a Database" /></head><body><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/transitional" class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center">1.2. Architectural Fundamentals</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="tutorial-install.html" title="1.1. Installation">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="tutorial-start.html" title="Chapter 1. Getting Started">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 1. Getting Started</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 11.5 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="tutorial-createdb.html" title="1.3. Creating a Database">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></hr></div><div class="sect1" id="TUTORIAL-ARCH"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">1.2. Architectural Fundamentals</h2></div></div></div><p>
Before we proceed, you should understand the basic
<span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> system architecture.
Understanding how the parts of
<span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> interact will make this
chapter somewhat clearer.
</p><p>
In database jargon, <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> uses a
client/server model. A <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span>
session consists of the following cooperating processes
(programs):
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
A server process, which manages the database files, accepts
connections to the database from client applications, and
performs database actions on behalf of the clients. The
database server program is called
<code class="filename">postgres</code>.
<a id="id-1.4.3.3.3.3.1.1.2" class="indexterm"></a>
</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
The user's client (frontend) application that wants to perform
database operations. Client applications can be very diverse
in nature: a client could be a text-oriented tool, a graphical
application, a web server that accesses the database to
display web pages, or a specialized database maintenance tool.
Some client applications are supplied with the
<span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> distribution; most are
developed by users.
</p></li></ul></div><p>
</p><p>
As is typical of client/server applications, the client and the
server can be on different hosts. In that case they communicate
over a TCP/IP network connection. You should keep this in mind,
because the files that can be accessed on a client machine might
not be accessible (or might only be accessible using a different
file name) on the database server machine.
</p><p>
The <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> server can handle
multiple concurrent connections from clients. To achieve this it
starts (<span class="quote">“<span class="quote">forks</span>”</span>) a new process for each connection.
From that point on, the client and the new server process
communicate without intervention by the original
<code class="filename">postgres</code> process. Thus, the
master server process is always running, waiting for
client connections, whereas client and associated server processes
come and go. (All of this is of course invisible to the user. We
only mention it here for completeness.)
</p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="tutorial-install.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="tutorial-start.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="tutorial-createdb.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">1.1. Installation </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> 1.3. Creating a Database</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
