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<UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html953" HREF="node6.html">New Users</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html954" HREF="node7.html">Site Specific Features</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html955" HREF="node8.html">Support</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html956" HREF="node9.html">Other Relevant Documents</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html957" HREF="node10.html">Computational Methods</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html958" HREF="node11.html">Basic Concepts</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html959" HREF="node12.html">Image sampling</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html960" HREF="node13.html">Noise distributions</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html961" HREF="node14.html">Estimation</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html962" HREF="node15.html">Raw to Calibrated Data</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html963" HREF="node16.html">Artifacts</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html964" HREF="node17.html">Response Calibration</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html965" HREF="node18.html">Geometric Corrections</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html966" HREF="node19.html">Image Manipulations</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html967" HREF="node20.html">Digital Filters</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html968" HREF="node21.html">Background Estimates</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html969" HREF="node22.html">Transformations</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html970" HREF="node23.html">Image Restoration</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html971" HREF="node24.html">Extraction of Information</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html972" HREF="node25.html">Search Algorithms</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html973" HREF="node26.html">Fitting of data</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html974" HREF="node27.html">Analysis of Results</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html975" HREF="node28.html">Regression Analysis</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html976" HREF="node29.html">Statistical Tests</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html977" HREF="node30.html">Multivariate Statistical Methods</A> </UL> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html978" HREF="node31.html">CCD Reductions</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html979" HREF="node32.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html980" HREF="node33.html">Nature of CCD Output</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html981" HREF="node34.html">General Overview of the package</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html982" HREF="node35.html">Setting, Saving, and Retrieving CCD Keywords</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html983" HREF="node36.html">Calibration Frames and Naming Convention</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html984" HREF="node37.html">Setting up the Reduction Procedure</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html985" HREF="node38.html">Loading the Telescope and Instrument Specifications</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html986" HREF="node39.html">Data Retrieval and Organization</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html987" HREF="node40.html">The Association Table</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html988" HREF="node41.html">Basic Reduction Steps</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html989" HREF="node42.html">Preparing Your Calibration Frames</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html990" HREF="node43.html">Input and Output</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html991" HREF="node44.html">Combining Methods</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html992" HREF="node45.html">Combining Bias Frames</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html993" HREF="node46.html">Combining Dark Frames</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html994" HREF="node47.html">Combining Flat Fields</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html995" HREF="node48.html">Combining Sky Frames</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html996" HREF="node49.html">Combine Example</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html997" HREF="node50.html">Processing the Data</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html998" HREF="node51.html">How the Data is Processed</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html999" HREF="node52.html">Running <TT>REDUCE/CCD</TT></A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1000" HREF="node55.html">Additional Processing</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1001" HREF="node56.html">Sky Illumination Corrections</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1002" HREF="node57.html">Creation of Sky Correction Frames</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1003" HREF="node58.html">Illumination Corrected Flat Fields</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1004" HREF="node59.html">Fringe correction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1005" HREF="node60.html">Bad Pixel Correction</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1006" HREF="node61.html">Mosaicing of Frames</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1007" HREF="node62.html">Miscellaneous</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1008" HREF="node63.html">Commands in the CCD package</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1009" HREF="node64.html">Object Search and Classification</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1010" HREF="node65.html">General Information</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1011" HREF="node66.html">What Data Frames can be Used?</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1012" HREF="node67.html">Procedures to Follow</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1013" HREF="node68.html">Preparing Data Frames</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1014" HREF="node69.html">Setting the Low and High Cuts</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1015" HREF="node70.html">Setting the Keywords used by SEARCH/INV Command</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1016" HREF="node71.html">Executing the ANALYSE/INV Command</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1017" HREF="node72.html">Setting the Keywords used by the ANALYSE Command</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1018" HREF="node73.html">Helpful Hints</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1019" HREF="node74.html">In Case of Trouble</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1020" HREF="node75.html">The Classification</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1021" HREF="node76.html">Description of INVENTORY Keywords</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1022" HREF="node77.html">Formats of Tables</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1023" HREF="node78.html">Input Table</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1024" HREF="node79.html">Intermediate Table</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1025" HREF="node80.html">Output Table</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1026" HREF="node81.html">Inventory Commands Summary</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1027" HREF="node82.html">Crowded Field Photometry</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1028" HREF="node83.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1029" HREF="node84.html">Theory</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1030" HREF="node85.html">Overview of ROMAFOT</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1031" HREF="node86.html">How to use ROMAFOT</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1032" HREF="node87.html">Study of the Point Spread Function</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1033" HREF="node91.html">The Interactive Path</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1034" HREF="node97.html">The Automatic Path</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1035" HREF="node103.html">Registration of the Results</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1036" HREF="node105.html">Photometry of the Other Program Frames</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1037" HREF="node109.html">Additional Utilities</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1038" HREF="node115.html">Big Pixels</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1039" HREF="node118.html">Command Syntax Summary</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1040" HREF="node119.html">Bibliography</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1041" HREF="node120.html">Long-Slit and 1D Spectra</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1042" HREF="node121.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1043" HREF="node122.html">Photometric Corrections</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1044" HREF="node123.html">Detector Non-Linearity</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1045" HREF="node124.html">Removing Cosmic Ray Hits</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1046" HREF="node125.html">Bias and Dark Subtraction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1047" HREF="node126.html">Flat-Fielding</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1048" HREF="node127.html">Geometric Correction</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1049" HREF="node128.html">Detecting and Identifying Arc Lines</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1050" HREF="node129.html">Getting the Dispersion Solution</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1051" HREF="node130.html">Distortion Along the Slit</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1052" HREF="node131.html">Resampling the Data</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1053" HREF="node132.html">Sky Subtraction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1054" HREF="node133.html">Flux Calibration</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1055" HREF="node134.html">Flux Calibration and Extinction Correction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1056" HREF="node135.html">Airmass Calculation</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1057" HREF="node136.html">Spectral Analysis</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1058" HREF="node137.html">Rebinning and Interpolation</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1059" HREF="node138.html">Normalization and Fitting</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1060" HREF="node139.html">Convolution and Deconvolution</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1061" HREF="node140.html">Other Useful Commands</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1062" HREF="node141.html">Auxiliary Data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1063" HREF="node142.html">Command Summary</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1064" HREF="node143.html">Parameters</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1065" HREF="node144.html">Example</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1066" HREF="node145.html">Echelle Spectra</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1067" HREF="node146.html">Echelle Reduction Method</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1068" HREF="node147.html">Input Data and Preprocessing</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1069" HREF="node148.html">Retrieving demonstration and calibration data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1070" HREF="node149.html">General Description</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1071" HREF="node150.html">Order Definition</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1072" HREF="node151.html">Removal of particle hits</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1073" HREF="node152.html">Background Definition</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1074" HREF="node153.html">Bivariate polynomial interpolation</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1075" HREF="node154.html">Smoothing spline interpolation</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1076" HREF="node155.html">Background estimate by filtering</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1077" HREF="node156.html">Sky background definition</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1078" HREF="node157.html">Order Extraction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1079" HREF="node158.html">Wavelength Calibration</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1080" HREF="node159.html">General Description</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1081" HREF="node160.html">The Echelle Relation</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1082" HREF="node161.html">Estimating the angle of rotation</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1083" HREF="node162.html">Identification loop</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1084" HREF="node163.html">Resampling and checking the results</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1085" HREF="node164.html">Flat Field Correction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1086" HREF="node165.html">Instrument Response Correction</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1087" HREF="node166.html">Using a Standard Star</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1088" HREF="node167.html">Fitting the Blaze Function</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1089" HREF="node168.html">Order Merging</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1090" HREF="node169.html">Implementation</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1091" HREF="node170.html">The Session Manager</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1092" HREF="node171.html">Image Formats</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1093" HREF="node172.html">Table Formats</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1094" HREF="node173.html">MIDAS Commands</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1095" HREF="node174.html">Session Parameters</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1096" HREF="node175.html">Bibliography</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1097" HREF="node176.html">Inter-stellar/galactic Absorption Line Modelling</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1098" HREF="node177.html">Introduction</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1099" HREF="node178.html">Principle of the Program</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1100" HREF="node179.html">Astrophysical Context</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1101" HREF="node180.html">Basic Equations</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1102" HREF="node183.html">Summary of the parameters handled by the user:</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1103" HREF="node184.html">Typical Run</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1104" HREF="node185.html">Preparation</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1105" HREF="node186.html">Initialisation of the Keywords</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1106" HREF="node187.html">Creation of the Instrumental Function</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1107" HREF="node188.html">Creation of the Input Emission Spectrum</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1108" HREF="node189.html">Edition of the Table Containing the Atomic Parameters</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1109" HREF="node190.html">Edition of the Table Containing the Cloud Model</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1110" HREF="node191.html">Computation of the Output Absorption Spectrum</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1111" HREF="node192.html">Auxiliary Data</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1112" HREF="node193.html">Description of the Keywords</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1113" HREF="node194.html">Format of the table for atomic parameters (ABSP.TBL).</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1114" HREF="node195.html">Format of the table for the emission line model (EMI.TBL)</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1115" HREF="node196.html">Format of the table for the absorption line model (ABSC.TBL)</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1116" HREF="node197.html">Dimensions of the Output Images</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1117" HREF="node198.html">References</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1118" HREF="node199.html">Example</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1119" HREF="node200.html">Acknowledgements</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1120" HREF="node201.html">Test Data</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1121" HREF="node202.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1122" HREF="node203.html">2-Dimensional Images</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1123" HREF="node204.html">Patterns</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1124" HREF="node205.html">Backgrounds</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1125" HREF="node206.html">1-Dimensional Images (``Spectra'')</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1126" HREF="node207.html">Noise</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1127" HREF="node208.html">Other Images</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1128" HREF="node209.html">Command Syntax Summary</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1129" HREF="node210.html">Multivariate Analysis Methods</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1130" HREF="node211.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1131" HREF="node212.html">Principal Components Analysis</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1132" HREF="node213.html">Cluster Analysis</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1133" HREF="node214.html">Discriminant Analysis</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1134" HREF="node215.html">Correspondence Analysis</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1135" HREF="node216.html">Related Table Commands</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1136" HREF="node217.html">References</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1137" HREF="node218.html">Command Syntax Summary</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1138" HREF="node219.html">DAOPHOT II: The Next Generation</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1139" HREF="node220.html">Time Series Analysis</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1140" HREF="node221.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1141" HREF="node222.html">Basic principles of time series analysis</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1142" HREF="node223.html">Signals and their models</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1143" HREF="node224.html">Signal detection</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1144" HREF="node225.html">Test statistics</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1145" HREF="node226.html">Corrections to the probability distribution</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1146" HREF="node227.html">Power of test statistics</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1147" HREF="node228.html">Time domain analysis</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1148" HREF="node229.html">Presentation and inspection of results</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1149" HREF="node230.html">Parameter estimation</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1150" HREF="node231.html">Fourier analysis: The sine model</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1151" HREF="node232.html">Fourier transforms</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1152" HREF="node233.html">The power spectrum and covariance statistics</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1153" HREF="node234.html">Sampling patterns</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1154" HREF="node235.html">MIDAS utilities for time series analysis</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1155" HREF="node236.html">Scope of applications</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1156" HREF="node237.html">The TSA environment</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1157" HREF="node238.html">Input data format</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1158" HREF="node239.html">Output data format</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1159" HREF="node240.html">Fourier analysis</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1160" HREF="node241.html">Time series analysis in the frequency domain</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1161" HREF="node242.html">Analysis in the time domain</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1162" HREF="node243.html">Auxiliary utilities</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1163" HREF="node244.html">Command summary</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1164" HREF="node245.html">Examples</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1165" HREF="node246.html">Period analysis</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1166" HREF="node247.html">Comparison of two stochastic processes</A> </UL> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1167" HREF="node248.html">PEPSYS general photometry package</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1168" HREF="node249.html">Introduction</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1169" HREF="node250.html">What is needed</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1170" HREF="node251.html">How to get it</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1171" HREF="node252.html">What to do with it</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1172" HREF="node253.html">Getting started</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1173" HREF="node254.html">Star tables</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1174" HREF="node260.html">Observatory table</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1175" HREF="node261.html">Horizon tables</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1176" HREF="node262.html">Instrument file</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1177" HREF="node263.html">General advice about table files</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1178" HREF="node264.html">Planning your observing run</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1179" HREF="node265.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1180" HREF="node266.html">Preparing to use the planning program</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1181" HREF="node267.html">Using the planning program</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1182" HREF="node268.html">Selection criteria</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1183" HREF="node269.html">Influencing the plan</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1184" HREF="node270.html">Getting the observations</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1185" HREF="node271.html">Reducing the observations</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1186" HREF="node272.html">Preliminaries</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1187" HREF="node273.html">Format conversion</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1188" HREF="node274.html">Reductions -- at last!</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1189" HREF="node279.html">Choosing a gradient estimator</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1190" HREF="node280.html">Extinction and transformation models</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1191" HREF="node285.html">Reduction procedure</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1192" HREF="node286.html">Final results</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1193" HREF="node292.html">Interpreting the output</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1194" HREF="node293.html">Special problems</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1195" HREF="node301.html">Installation</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1196" HREF="node302.html">Table files</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1197" HREF="node303.html">Maximum limits</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1198" HREF="node304.html">A brief history of PEPSYS</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1199" HREF="node305.html">Acknowledgements</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1200" HREF="node306.html">Summary of PEPSYS commands</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1201" HREF="node307.html">Bibliography</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1202" HREF="node308.html">The Wavelet Transform</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1203" HREF="node309.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1204" HREF="node310.html">The continuous wavelet transform</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1205" HREF="node311.html">Examples of Wavelets</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1206" HREF="node312.html">Morlet's Wavelet</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1207" HREF="node314.html">The discrete wavelet transform</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1208" HREF="node315.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1209" HREF="node316.html">Multiresolution Analysis</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1210" HREF="node317.html">The <EM>à trous</EM> algorithm </A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1211" HREF="node318.html">Pyramidal Algorithm</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1212" HREF="node321.html">Multiresolution with scaling functions with a frequency cut-off</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1213" HREF="node324.html">Visualization of the Wavelet Transform</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1214" HREF="node325.html">Visualisation of the first class</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1215" HREF="node326.html">Visualisation of the second class</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1216" HREF="node327.html">Visualisation of the third class</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1217" HREF="node328.html">Noise reduction from the wavelet transform</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1218" HREF="node329.html">The convolution from the continuous wavelet transform</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1219" HREF="node330.html">The Wiener-like filtering in the wavelet space</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1220" HREF="node331.html">Hierarchical Wiener filtering</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1221" HREF="node332.html">Adaptive filtering from the wavelet transform</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1222" HREF="node333.html">Hierarchical adaptive filtering</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1223" HREF="node334.html">Comparison using a multiresolution quality criterion</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1224" HREF="node335.html">Deconvolution</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1225" HREF="node336.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1226" HREF="node337.html">Regularization in the wavelet space</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1227" HREF="node338.html">Tikhonov's regularization and multiresolution analysis</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1228" HREF="node339.html">Regularization from significant structures</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1229" HREF="node344.html">The wavelet context in MIDAS</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1230" HREF="node345.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1231" HREF="node346.html">Commands Description</A> </UL> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1232" HREF="node370.html">Bibliography</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1233" HREF="node371.html">The Data Organizer</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1234" HREF="node372.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1235" HREF="node373.html">Overview of the Data Organizer</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1236" HREF="node374.html">The Observation Summary Table</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1237" HREF="node375.html">Mapping of FITS keywords into MIDAS descriptors</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1238" HREF="node376.html">The Descriptor Table</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1239" HREF="node377.html">Creating The Observation Summary Table</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1240" HREF="node378.html">Classification of Images</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1241" HREF="node379.html">Creation of the Classification Rules</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1242" HREF="node380.html">Classification of images</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1243" HREF="node381.html">An example of a Classification Process</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1244" HREF="node382.html">Checking the quality of the data using the OST</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1245" HREF="node383.html">Association of images</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1246" HREF="node384.html">Creation of the Association Rules</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1247" HREF="node385.html">An example of selection criteria</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1248" HREF="node386.html">Association of Calibration Exposures</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1249" HREF="node387.html">Command Syntax Summary</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1250" HREF="node388.html">ASTROMET astrometry package</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1251" HREF="node389.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1252" HREF="node390.html">Available Commands</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1253" HREF="node391.html"><TT>ASTROMET/TRANSFORM</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1254" HREF="node392.html"><TT>ASTROMET/EDIT</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1255" HREF="node393.html"><TT>ASTROMET/COMPUTE</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1256" HREF="node394.html"><TT>ASTROMET/POS1</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1257" HREF="node395.html">Command Overview</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1258" HREF="node396.html">Command Summary</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1259" HREF="node397.html">Core Commands</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1260" HREF="node398.html">Application Commands</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1261" HREF="node399.html">Standard Reduction Commands</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1262" HREF="node400.html">ccdred</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1263" HREF="node401.html">ccdtest</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1264" HREF="node402.html">do</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1265" HREF="node403.html">echelle</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1266" HREF="node404.html">irac2</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1267" HREF="node405.html">irspec</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1268" HREF="node406.html">long</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1269" HREF="node407.html">optopus</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1270" HREF="node408.html">pisco</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1271" HREF="node409.html">spec</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1272" HREF="node410.html">Contributed Commands</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1273" HREF="node411.html">astromet</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1274" HREF="node412.html">cloud</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1275" HREF="node413.html">daophot</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1276" HREF="node414.html">esolv</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1277" HREF="node415.html">geotest</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1278" HREF="node416.html">invent</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1279" HREF="node417.html">mva</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1280" HREF="node418.html">pepsys</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1281" HREF="node419.html">romafot</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1282" HREF="node420.html">surfphot</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1283" HREF="node421.html">tsa</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1284" HREF="node422.html">Procedure Control Commands</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1285" HREF="node423.html">Commands Grouped by Subject</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1286" HREF="node424.html">MIDAS System Control</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1287" HREF="node425.html">Help and Information</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1288" HREF="node426.html">Tape Input and Output</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1289" HREF="node427.html">Image Directory and Header</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1290" HREF="node428.html">Image Display</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1291" HREF="node429.html">Graphics Display</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1292" HREF="node430.html">Image Coordinates</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1293" HREF="node431.html">Coordinate Transformation of Images</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1294" HREF="node432.html">Image Arithmetic</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1295" HREF="node433.html">Filtering</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1296" HREF="node434.html">Image Creation and Extraction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1297" HREF="node435.html">Transformations on Pixel Values</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1298" HREF="node436.html">Numerical Values of Image Pixels</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1299" HREF="node437.html">Spectral Analysis</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1300" HREF="node438.html">Least Squares Fitting</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1301" HREF="node439.html">Table File Operations</A> </UL> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1302" HREF="node440.html">Detectors</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1303" HREF="node441.html">CCD Detectors</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1304" HREF="node442.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1305" HREF="node443.html">Discussion</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1306" HREF="node444.html">Reduction Steps</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1307" HREF="node445.html">Removing Irrelevant Columns</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1308" HREF="node446.html">Bias Corrections</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1309" HREF="node447.html">Averaging and Merging Frames</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1310" HREF="node448.html">Cleaning Images</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1311" HREF="node449.html">Using the COMPUTE Command</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1312" HREF="node450.html">Examples and Hints</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1313" HREF="node453.html">CCD-Commands Summary</A> </UL> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1314" HREF="node454.html">CES</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1315" HREF="node455.html">Echelle Reduction</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1316" HREF="node456.html">Input Data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1317" HREF="node457.html">Auxiliary Data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1318" HREF="node458.html">Starting the MIDAS Session</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1319" HREF="node459.html">Reading the Data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1320" HREF="node460.html">Display and graphic windows</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1321" HREF="node461.html">On-line help</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1322" HREF="node462.html">A few useful commands</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1323" HREF="node463.html">Preprocessing</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1324" HREF="node464.html">Bias correction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1325" HREF="node465.html">Dark-current and particle hits correction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1326" HREF="node466.html">Standard orientation</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1327" HREF="node467.html">Session Parameters</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1328" HREF="node468.html">The Reduction Session</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1329" HREF="node469.html">Reduction using Standard Stars</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1330" HREF="node475.html">Reduction without Standard Star</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1331" HREF="node476.html">Saving the Data on Tape</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1332" HREF="node477.html">Instrument Description: CASPEC</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1333" HREF="node478.html">Summary of reduction options</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1334" HREF="node479.html">XEchelle</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1335" HREF="node480.html">Graphical User Interface</A> </UL> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1336" HREF="node489.html">PISCO</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1337" HREF="node490.html"><B>Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1338" HREF="node491.html">Data Format</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1339" HREF="node492.html">Data Reduction</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1340" HREF="node493.html">IRSPEC REDUCTION</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1341" HREF="node494.html">Introduction</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1342" HREF="node495.html">A typical reduction.</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1343" HREF="node496.html">Notes on specific commands</A> </UL> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1344" HREF="node497.html">Reduction of Long Slit and 1D Spectra</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1345" HREF="node498.html">Introduction</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1346" HREF="node499.html">Purpose</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1347" HREF="node500.html">Retrieving demonstration and calibration data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1348" HREF="node501.html">A Typical Session: Cook-book</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1349" HREF="node502.html">Getting Started</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1350" HREF="node505.html">Reading the Data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1351" HREF="node506.html">Pre-processing the spectra</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1352" HREF="node507.html">Getting the Dispersion Solution</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1353" HREF="node513.html">Resampling in Wavelength</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1354" HREF="node517.html">Estimating the Sky Background</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1355" HREF="node518.html">Extracting the Spectrum</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1356" HREF="node519.html">Flux Calibration</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1357" HREF="node520.html">End of the Session</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1358" HREF="node521.html">XLong</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1359" HREF="node522.html">Graphical User Interfaces</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1360" HREF="node529.html">Getting Started</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1361" HREF="node537.html">Performing Batch Reduction</A> </UL> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1362" HREF="node538.html">Optopus</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1363" HREF="node539.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1364" HREF="node540.html">Using the Optopus Package</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1365" HREF="node541.html">Starting up</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1366" HREF="node542.html">The Optopus session</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1367" HREF="node543.html">Closing down</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1368" HREF="node544.html">OPTOPUS Commands and Parameters</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1369" HREF="node545.html">Optopus commands</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1370" HREF="node546.html">Session parameters</A> </UL> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1371" HREF="node547.html">File Formats Required for Photometry</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1372" HREF="node548.html">Introduction</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1373" HREF="node549.html">Stars</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1374" HREF="node550.html">Observatory data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1375" HREF="node551.html">Telescope obstruction data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1376" HREF="node552.html">Instrumental data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1377" HREF="node553.html">Observational data</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1378" HREF="node554.html">Star tables</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1379" HREF="node555.html">Required stellar data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1380" HREF="node560.html">Optional stellar data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1381" HREF="node565.html">Standard values</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1382" HREF="node566.html">Moving objects</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1383" HREF="node569.html">Permanent telescope parameters</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1384" HREF="node570.html">Column label: TELESCOP</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1385" HREF="node571.html">Column label: DIAM</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1386" HREF="node572.html">Column label: LON</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1387" HREF="node573.html">Column label: LAT</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1388" HREF="node574.html">Column label: HEIGHT</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1389" HREF="node575.html">Column label: TUBETYPE</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1390" HREF="node576.html">Column label: TUBEDIAM</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1391" HREF="node577.html">Column label: TUBELEN</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1392" HREF="node578.html">Column label: DOMETYPE</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1393" HREF="node579.html">Column label: DOMEDIAM</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1394" HREF="node580.html">Column label: SLITWID</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1395" HREF="node581.html">Horizon obstructions</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1396" HREF="node582.html">Getting the data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1397" HREF="node583.html">Descriptor for the ``horizon'' table</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1398" HREF="node584.html">MOUNTING=<TT>'FORK'</TT></A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1399" HREF="node590.html">MOUNTING=<TT>'GERMAN'</TT></A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1400" HREF="node601.html">MOUNTING=<TT>'ALTAZ'</TT></A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1401" HREF="node605.html">Instrument configuration and run-specific information</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1402" HREF="node606.html">Storage format</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1403" HREF="node607.html">General instrumental information</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1404" HREF="node608.html">Passbands</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1405" HREF="node614.html">Instrument descriptors</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1406" HREF="node619.html">Detectors</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1407" HREF="node627.html">Telescope optics</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1408" HREF="node628.html">Sample instrument files</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1409" HREF="node633.html">Observational data</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1410" HREF="node634.html">Required observational data</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1411" HREF="node640.html">Additional information</A> </UL> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1412" HREF="node649.html">Bibliography</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1413" HREF="node650.html">IRAC2 Online and Off-line Reductions</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1414" HREF="node651.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1415" HREF="node652.html">Online Reduction</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1416" HREF="node653.html">The OST table</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1417" HREF="node654.html">Online Commands</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1418" HREF="node655.html">Off-line Reduction</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1419" HREF="node656.html">Bad Pixel Detection and Removal</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1420" HREF="node657.html">Construction of Flat Fields</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1421" HREF="node660.html">Sky Subtraction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1422" HREF="node661.html">Flat Fielding</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1423" HREF="node662.html">Combining Images</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1424" HREF="node663.html">Mosaicing</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1425" HREF="node664.html">Further Off-line Analysis</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1426" HREF="node665.html">Commands in the IRAC2 package</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1427" HREF="node666.html">Testing CCD Performance</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1428" HREF="node667.html">Introduction</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1429" HREF="node668.html">Test Commands</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1430" HREF="node675.html">Commands in the CCD test package</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1431" HREF="node676.html">Multi-Object Spectroscopy</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1432" HREF="node677.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1433" HREF="node678.html">Location of slitlets and flat-field correction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1434" HREF="node679.html">Wavelength Calibration</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1435" HREF="node680.html">Detection of Arc lines</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1436" HREF="node681.html">Offsets between slitlets</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1437" HREF="node682.html">Fitting the dispersion curve</A> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1438" HREF="node683.html">Definition of objects and sky subtraction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1439" HREF="node684.html">Extraction of objects</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1440" HREF="node685.html">Data Structures</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1441" HREF="node686.html">MOS Cookbook - A typical session</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1442" HREF="node687.html">Starting the whole thing</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1443" HREF="node688.html">Locating slitlets and flat-field correction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1444" HREF="node689.html">Wavelength calibration</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1445" HREF="node694.html">Object definition and sky subtraction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1446" HREF="node695.html">Object extraction</A> </UL> </UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1447" HREF="node696.html">FEROS</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1448" HREF="node697.html">Introduction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1449" HREF="node698.html">Brief description of FEROS</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1450" HREF="node699.html">Requirement for the FEROS DRS</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1451" HREF="node700.html">Order definition</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1452" HREF="node701.html">Background subtraction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1453" HREF="node702.html">Order extraction</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1454" HREF="node703.html">Flat-fielding</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1455" HREF="node704.html">Wavelength calibration</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1456" HREF="node705.html">Rebinning</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1457" HREF="node706.html">Order merging</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1458" HREF="node707.html">Description of FEROS keywords</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1459" HREF="node708.html">Using the FEROS software on-line at the telescope</A> <UL> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1460" HREF="node709.html">Initialization of the DRS at the beginning of the night</A> <LI><A NAME="tex2html1461" HREF="node710.html">On-line reduction options during the night</A> </UL></UL></UL> <!--End of Table of Contents--> <P> <A NAME="lof"> </A> <BR><HR> <ADDRESS> <I>Petra Nass</I> <BR><I>1999-06-15</I> 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