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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
<a name="sec-buildapp-populating-window"></a>Populating the window</h2></div></div></div>
<p>
In this step, we use a <code class="classname">Gtk::Builder</code> instance to associate a
<code class="classname">Gtk::Builder</code> ui file with our application window class.
</p>
<p>
Our simple ui file puts a <code class="classname">Gtk::HeaderBar</code> on top of a
<code class="classname">Gtk::Stack</code> widget. The header bar contains a
<code class="classname">Gtk::StackSwitcher</code>, which is a standalone widget to show a row
of 'tabs' for the pages of a <code class="classname">Gtk::Stack</code>.
</p>
<p>
To make use of this file in our application, we revisit our
<code class="classname">Gtk::ApplicationWindow</code> subclass, and call
<code class="methodname">Gtk::Builder::create_from_resource()</code> and
<code class="methodname">Gtk::Builder::get_widget_derived()</code> from the
<code class="methodname">ExampleAppWindow::create()</code> method to get an instance of
our subclassed <code class="classname">Gtk::ApplicationWindow</code>. See the
<a class="link" href="sec-builder-using-derived-widgets.html" title="Using derived widgets">Using derived widgets</a> section
for more information about <code class="methodname">get_widget_derived()</code>.
</p>
<p>
You may have noticed that we use the <code class="methodname">_from_resource()</code> variant
of the method that reads the ui file. Now we need to use <span class="application">GLib</span>'s
resource functionality to include the ui file in the binary. This is commonly done by
listing all resources in a .gresource.xml file.
This file has to be converted into a C source file that will be compiled and linked
into the application together with the other source files. To do so, we use the
<span class="application">glib-compile-resources</span> utility:
</p>
<pre class="screen">$ glib-compile-resources --target=resources.c --generate-source exampleapp.gresource.xml</pre>
<p>
The <a class="link" href="sec-gio-resource.html" title="Gio::Resource and glib-compile-resources">Gio::Resource and glib-compile-resources</a>
section contains more information about resource files.
</p>
<p>
Our application now looks like this:
</p>
<div class="figure">
<a name="figure-buildapp-populating-window"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 31.2. Populating the window</b></p>
<div class="figure-contents"><div class="screenshot"><div><img src="figures/buildapp_populating_window.png" alt="Populating the window"></div></div></div>
</div>
<br class="figure-break"><p><a class="ulink" href="http://git.gnome.org/browse/gtkmm-documentation/tree/examples/book/buildapp/step2?h=gtkmm-3-24" target="_top">Source Code</a></p>
<p>File: <code class="filename">exampleappwindow.h</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#ifndef GTKMM_EXAMPLEAPPWINDOW_H_
#define GTKMM_EXAMPLEAPPWINDOW_H_
#include <gtkmm.h>
class ExampleAppWindow : public Gtk::ApplicationWindow
{
public:
ExampleAppWindow(BaseObjectType* cobject,
const Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Builder>& refBuilder);
static ExampleAppWindow* create();
void open_file_view(const Glib::RefPtr<Gio::File>& file);
protected:
Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Builder> m_refBuilder;
};
#endif /* GTKMM_EXAMPLEAPPWINDOW_H */
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">exampleapplication.h</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#include "../step1/exampleapplication.h"
// Equal to the corresponding file in step1
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">exampleapplication.cc</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#include "exampleapplication.h"
#include "exampleappwindow.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <exception>
ExampleApplication::ExampleApplication()
: Gtk::Application("org.gtkmm.examples.application", Gio::APPLICATION_HANDLES_OPEN)
{
}
Glib::RefPtr<ExampleApplication> ExampleApplication::create()
{
return Glib::RefPtr<ExampleApplication>(new ExampleApplication());
}
ExampleAppWindow* ExampleApplication::create_appwindow()
{
auto appwindow = ExampleAppWindow::create();
// Make sure that the application runs for as long this window is still open.
add_window(*appwindow);
// Gtk::Application::add_window() connects a signal handler to the window's
// signal_hide(). That handler removes the window from the application.
// If it's the last window to be removed, the application stops running.
// Gtk::Window::set_application() does not connect a signal handler, but is
// otherwise equivalent to Gtk::Application::add_window().
// Delete the window when it is hidden.
appwindow->signal_hide().connect(sigc::bind<Gtk::Window*>(sigc::mem_fun(*this,
&ExampleApplication::on_hide_window), appwindow));
return appwindow;
}
void ExampleApplication::on_activate()
{
try
{
// The application has been started, so let's show a window.
auto appwindow = create_appwindow();
appwindow->present();
}
// If create_appwindow() throws an exception (perhaps from Gtk::Builder),
// no window has been created, no window has been added to the application,
// and therefore the application will stop running.
catch (const Glib::Error& ex)
{
std::cerr << "ExampleApplication::on_activate(): " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::exception& ex)
{
std::cerr << "ExampleApplication::on_activate(): " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
}
void ExampleApplication::on_open(const Gio::Application::type_vec_files& files,
const Glib::ustring& /* hint */)
{
// The application has been asked to open some files,
// so let's open a new view for each one.
ExampleAppWindow* appwindow = nullptr;
auto windows = get_windows();
if (windows.size() > 0)
appwindow = dynamic_cast<ExampleAppWindow*>(windows[0]);
try
{
if (!appwindow)
appwindow = create_appwindow();
for (const auto& file : files)
appwindow->open_file_view(file);
appwindow->present();
}
catch (const Glib::Error& ex)
{
std::cerr << "ExampleApplication::on_open(): " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
catch (const std::exception& ex)
{
std::cerr << "ExampleApplication::on_open(): " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
}
void ExampleApplication::on_hide_window(Gtk::Window* window)
{
delete window;
}
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">main.cc</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#include "../step1/main.cc"
// Equal to the corresponding file in step1
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">exampleappwindow.cc</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#include "exampleappwindow.h"
#include <stdexcept>
ExampleAppWindow::ExampleAppWindow(BaseObjectType* cobject,
const Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Builder>& refBuilder)
: Gtk::ApplicationWindow(cobject),
m_refBuilder(refBuilder)
{
}
//static
ExampleAppWindow* ExampleAppWindow::create()
{
// Load the Builder file and instantiate its widgets.
auto refBuilder = Gtk::Builder::create_from_resource("/org/gtkmm/exampleapp/window.ui");
ExampleAppWindow* window = nullptr;
refBuilder->get_widget_derived("app_window", window);
if (!window)
throw std::runtime_error("No \"app_window\" object in window.ui");
return window;
}
void ExampleAppWindow::open_file_view(const Glib::RefPtr<Gio::File>& /* file */)
{
}
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">exampleapp.gresource.xml</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<gresources>
<gresource prefix="/org/gtkmm/exampleapp">
<file preprocess="xml-stripblanks">window.ui</file>
</gresource>
</gresources>
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">window.ui</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<interface>
<!-- interface-requires gtk+ 3.8 -->
<object class="GtkApplicationWindow" id="app_window">
<property name="title" translatable="yes">Example Application</property>
<property name="default-width">600</property>
<property name="default-height">400</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkBox" id="content_box">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="orientation">vertical</property>
<child>
<object class="GtkHeaderBar" id="header">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<child type="title">
<object class="GtkStackSwitcher" id="tabs">
<property name="visible">True</property>
<property name="stack">stack</property>
</object>
</child>
</object>
</child>
<child>
<object class="GtkStack" id="stack">
<property name="visible">True</property>
</object>
</child>
</object>
</child>
</object>
</interface>
</pre>
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