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<th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 12. Menus and Toolbars</th>
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<div class="sect1">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
<a name="sec-menus-examples"></a>Examples</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="sect2">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="menu-example-main"></a>Application Menu and Main Menu example</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
This program contains an application menu, a menubar and a toolbar.
Classes are derived from <code class="classname">Gtk::Application</code> and
<code class="classname">Gtk::ApplicationWindow</code>.
</p>
<div class="figure">
<a name="figure-menus-mainmenu"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 12.1. App and Main Menu</b></p>
<div class="figure-contents"><div class="screenshot"><div><img src="figures/main_menu.png" alt="App and Main Menu"></div></div></div>
</div>
<br class="figure-break"><p><a class="ulink" href="http://git.gnome.org/browse/gtkmm-documentation/tree/examples/book/menus/main_menu/?h=gtkmm-3-24" target="_top">Source Code</a></p>
<p>File: <code class="filename">examplewindow.h</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#ifndef GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
#define GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
#include <gtkmm.h>
class ExampleWindow : public Gtk::ApplicationWindow
{
public:
ExampleWindow();
virtual ~ExampleWindow();
protected:
//Signal handlers:
void on_menu_others();
void on_menu_choices(const Glib::ustring& parameter);
void on_menu_choices_other(int parameter);
void on_menu_toggle();
//Child widgets:
Gtk::Box m_Box;
Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Builder> m_refBuilder;
//Two sets of choices:
Glib::RefPtr<Gio::SimpleAction> m_refChoice;
Glib::RefPtr<Gio::SimpleAction> m_refChoiceOther;
Glib::RefPtr<Gio::SimpleAction> m_refToggle;
};
#endif //GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">exampleapplication.h</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#ifndef GTKMM_EXAMPLEAPPLICATION_H
#define GTKMM_EXAMPLEAPPLICATION_H
#include <gtkmm.h>
class ExampleApplication : public Gtk::Application
{
protected:
ExampleApplication();
public:
static Glib::RefPtr<ExampleApplication> create();
protected:
//Overrides of default signal handlers:
void on_startup() override;
void on_activate() override;
private:
void create_window();
void on_window_hide(Gtk::Window* window);
void on_menu_file_new_generic();
void on_menu_file_quit();
void on_menu_help_about();
Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Builder> m_refBuilder;
};
#endif /* GTKMM_EXAMPLEAPPLICATION_H */
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">exampleapplication.cc</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#include "exampleapplication.h"
#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <iostream>
ExampleApplication::ExampleApplication()
: Gtk::Application("org.gtkmm.example.main_menu")
{
Glib::set_application_name("Main Menu Example");
}
Glib::RefPtr<ExampleApplication> ExampleApplication::create()
{
return Glib::RefPtr<ExampleApplication>(new ExampleApplication());
}
void ExampleApplication::on_startup()
{
//Call the base class's implementation:
Gtk::Application::on_startup();
//Create actions for menus and toolbars.
//We can use add_action() because Gtk::Application derives from Gio::ActionMap.
//File|New sub menu:
add_action("newstandard",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleApplication::on_menu_file_new_generic));
add_action("newfoo",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleApplication::on_menu_file_new_generic));
add_action("newgoo",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleApplication::on_menu_file_new_generic));
//File menu:
add_action("quit", sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleApplication::on_menu_file_quit));
//Help menu:
add_action("about", sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleApplication::on_menu_help_about));
m_refBuilder = Gtk::Builder::create();
//Layout the actions in a menubar and an application menu:
Glib::ustring ui_info =
"<interface>"
" <!-- menubar -->"
" <menu id='menu-example'>"
" <submenu>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_File</attribute>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>New _Standard</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>app.newstandard</attribute>"
" <attribute name='accel'>&lt;Primary&gt;n</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>New _Foo</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>app.newfoo</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>New _Goo</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>app.newgoo</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Quit</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>app.quit</attribute>"
" <attribute name='accel'>&lt;Primary&gt;q</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" </submenu>"
" <submenu>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Edit</attribute>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Copy</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>win.copy</attribute>"
" <attribute name='accel'>&lt;Primary&gt;c</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Paste</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>win.paste</attribute>"
" <attribute name='accel'>&lt;Primary&gt;v</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Something</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>win.something</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" </submenu>"
" <submenu>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Choices</attribute>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>Choice _A</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>win.choice</attribute>"
" <attribute name='target'>a</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>Choice _B</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>win.choice</attribute>"
" <attribute name='target'>b</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" </submenu>"
" <submenu>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Other Choices</attribute>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>Choice 1</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>win.choiceother</attribute>"
" <attribute name='target' type='i'>1</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>Choice 2</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>win.choiceother</attribute>"
" <attribute name='target' type='i'>2</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>Some Toggle</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>win.sometoggle</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" </submenu>"
" <submenu>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Help</attribute>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_About</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>win.about</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" </submenu>"
" </menu>"
""
" <!-- application menu -->"
" <menu id='appmenu'>"
" <submenu>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_File</attribute>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>New _Standard</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>app.newstandard</attribute>"
" <attribute name='accel'>&lt;Primary&gt;n</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>New _Foo</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>app.newfoo</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>New _Goo</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>app.newgoo</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Quit</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>app.quit</attribute>"
" <attribute name='accel'>&lt;Primary&gt;q</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" </submenu>"
" <submenu>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Help</attribute>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_About</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>app.about</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" </submenu>"
" </menu>"
"</interface>";
try
{
m_refBuilder->add_from_string(ui_info);
}
catch (const Glib::Error& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Building menus failed: " << ex.what();
}
//Get the menubar and the app menu, and add them to the application:
auto object = m_refBuilder->get_object("menu-example");
auto gmenu = Glib::RefPtr<Gio::Menu>::cast_dynamic(object);
object = m_refBuilder->get_object("appmenu");
auto appMenu = Glib::RefPtr<Gio::Menu>::cast_dynamic(object);
if (!(gmenu && appMenu)) {
g_warning("GMenu or AppMenu not found");
}
else
{
set_app_menu(appMenu);
set_menubar(gmenu);
}
}
void ExampleApplication::on_activate()
{
//std::cout << "debug1: " << G_STRFUNC << std::endl;
// The application has been started, so let's show a window.
// A real application might want to reuse this window in on_open(),
// when asked to open a file, if no changes have been made yet.
create_window();
}
void ExampleApplication::create_window()
{
auto win = new ExampleWindow();
//Make sure that the application runs for as long this window is still open:
add_window(*win);
//Delete the window when it is hidden.
//That's enough for this simple example.
win->signal_hide().connect(sigc::bind<Gtk::Window*>(
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleApplication::on_window_hide), win));
win->show_all();
}
void ExampleApplication::on_window_hide(Gtk::Window* window)
{
delete window;
}
void ExampleApplication::on_menu_file_new_generic()
{
std::cout << "A File|New menu item was selected." << std::endl;
}
void ExampleApplication::on_menu_file_quit()
{
std::cout << G_STRFUNC << std::endl;
quit(); // Not really necessary, when Gtk::Widget::hide() is called.
// Gio::Application::quit() will make Gio::Application::run() return,
// but it's a crude way of ending the program. The window is not removed
// from the application. Neither the window's nor the application's
// destructors will be called, because there will be remaining reference
// counts in both of them. If we want the destructors to be called, we
// must remove the window from the application. One way of doing this
// is to hide the window.
std::vector<Gtk::Window*> windows = get_windows();
if (windows.size() > 0)
windows[0]->hide(); // In this simple case, we know there is only one window.
}
void ExampleApplication::on_menu_help_about()
{
std::cout << "App|Help|About was selected." << std::endl;
}
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">main.cc</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#include "exampleapplication.h"
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
auto application = ExampleApplication::create();
// Start the application, showing the initial window,
// and opening extra windows for any files that it is asked to open,
// for instance as a command-line parameter.
// run() will return when the last window has been closed by the user.
const int status = application->run(argc, argv);
return status;
}
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">examplewindow.cc</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <iostream>
ExampleWindow::ExampleWindow()
: Gtk::ApplicationWindow(),
m_Box(Gtk::ORIENTATION_VERTICAL)
{
set_title("Main menu example");
set_default_size(300, 100);
// ExampleApplication displays the menubar. Other stuff, such as a toolbar,
// is put into the box.
add(m_Box);
// Create actions for menus and toolbars.
// We can use add_action() because Gtk::ApplicationWindow derives from Gio::ActionMap.
// This Action Map uses a "win." prefix for the actions.
// Therefore, for instance, "win.copy", is used in ExampleApplication::on_startup()
// to layout the menu.
//Edit menu:
add_action("copy", sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_menu_others));
add_action("paste", sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_menu_others));
add_action("something", sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_menu_others));
//Choices menus, to demonstrate Radio items,
//using our convenience methods for string and int radio values:
m_refChoice = add_action_radio_string("choice",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_menu_choices), "a");
m_refChoiceOther = add_action_radio_integer("choiceother",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_menu_choices_other), 1);
m_refToggle = add_action_bool("sometoggle",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_menu_toggle), false);
//Help menu:
add_action("about", sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_menu_others));
//Create the toolbar and add it to a container widget:
m_refBuilder = Gtk::Builder::create();
Glib::ustring ui_info =
"<!-- Generated with glade 3.18.3 -->"
"<interface>"
" <requires lib='gtk+' version='3.4'/>"
" <object class='GtkToolbar' id='toolbar'>"
" <property name='visible'>True</property>"
" <property name='can_focus'>False</property>"
" <child>"
" <object class='GtkToolButton' id='toolbutton_new'>"
" <property name='visible'>True</property>"
" <property name='can_focus'>False</property>"
" <property name='tooltip_text' translatable='yes'>New Standard</property>"
" <property name='action_name'>app.newstandard</property>"
" <property name='icon_name'>document-new</property>"
" </object>"
" <packing>"
" <property name='expand'>False</property>"
" <property name='homogeneous'>True</property>"
" </packing>"
" </child>"
" <child>"
" <object class='GtkToolButton' id='toolbutton_quit'>"
" <property name='visible'>True</property>"
" <property name='can_focus'>False</property>"
" <property name='tooltip_text' translatable='yes'>Quit</property>"
" <property name='action_name'>app.quit</property>"
" <property name='icon_name'>application-exit</property>"
" </object>"
" <packing>"
" <property name='expand'>False</property>"
" <property name='homogeneous'>True</property>"
" </packing>"
" </child>"
" </object>"
"</interface>";
try
{
m_refBuilder->add_from_string(ui_info);
}
catch (const Glib::Error& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Building toolbar failed: " << ex.what();
}
Gtk::Toolbar* toolbar = nullptr;
m_refBuilder->get_widget("toolbar", toolbar);
if (!toolbar)
g_warning("GtkToolbar not found");
else
m_Box.pack_start(*toolbar, Gtk::PACK_SHRINK);
}
ExampleWindow::~ExampleWindow()
{
}
void ExampleWindow::on_menu_others()
{
std::cout << "A menu item was selected." << std::endl;
}
void ExampleWindow::on_menu_choices(const Glib::ustring& parameter)
{
//The radio action's state does not change automatically:
m_refChoice->change_state(parameter);
Glib::ustring message;
if (parameter == "a")
message = "Choice a was selected.";
else
message = "Choice b was selected.";
std::cout << message << std::endl;
}
void ExampleWindow::on_menu_choices_other(int parameter)
{
//The radio action's state does not change automatically:
m_refChoiceOther->change_state(parameter);
Glib::ustring message;
if (parameter == 1)
message = "Choice 1 was selected.";
else
message = "Choice 2 was selected.";
std::cout << message << std::endl;
}
void ExampleWindow::on_menu_toggle()
{
bool active = false;
m_refToggle->get_state(active);
//The toggle action's state does not change automatically:
active = !active;
m_refToggle->change_state(active);
Glib::ustring message;
if (active)
message = "Toggle is active.";
else
message = "Toggle is not active.";
std::cout << message << std::endl;
}
</pre>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="menu-example-main2"></a>Main Menu example</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
This program contains a menubar and a toolbar.
A class is derived from <code class="classname">Gtk::Window</code>.
</p>
<div class="figure">
<a name="figure-menus-mainmenu2"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 12.2. Main Menu</b></p>
<div class="figure-contents"><div class="screenshot"><div><img src="figures/menus_and_toolbars.png" alt="Main Menu"></div></div></div>
</div>
<br class="figure-break"><p><a class="ulink" href="http://git.gnome.org/browse/gtkmm-documentation/tree/examples/book/menus_and_toolbars?h=gtkmm-3-24" target="_top">Source Code</a></p>
<p>File: <code class="filename">examplewindow.h</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#ifndef GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
#define GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
#include <gtkmm.h>
class ExampleWindow : public Gtk::Window
{
public:
ExampleWindow(const Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Application>& app);
virtual ~ExampleWindow();
private:
//Signal handlers:
void on_action_file_new();
void on_action_file_quit();
void on_action_others();
void on_action_toggle();
//Child widgets:
Gtk::Box m_Box;
Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Builder> m_refBuilder;
Glib::RefPtr<Gio::SimpleActionGroup> m_refActionGroup;
Glib::RefPtr<Gio::SimpleAction> m_refActionRain;
};
#endif //GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">main.cc</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#include <gtkmm.h>
#include "examplewindow.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
auto app = Gtk::Application::create(argc, argv, "org.gtkmm.example");
ExampleWindow window(app);
//Shows the window and returns when it is closed.
return app->run(window);
}
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">examplewindow.cc</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <gtkmm.h>
#include <iostream>
ExampleWindow::ExampleWindow(const Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Application>& app)
: m_Box(Gtk::ORIENTATION_VERTICAL)
{
set_title("main_menu example");
set_default_size(200, 200);
add(m_Box); //We can put a MenuBar at the top of the box and other stuff below it.
//Define the actions:
m_refActionGroup = Gio::SimpleActionGroup::create();
m_refActionGroup->add_action("new",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_action_file_new) );
m_refActionGroup->add_action("open",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_action_others) );
m_refActionRain = m_refActionGroup->add_action_bool("rain",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_action_toggle),
false);
m_refActionGroup->add_action("quit",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_action_file_quit) );
m_refActionGroup->add_action("cut",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_action_others) );
m_refActionGroup->add_action("copy",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_action_others) );
m_refActionGroup->add_action("paste",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_action_others) );
insert_action_group("example", m_refActionGroup);
//Define how the actions are presented in the menus and toolbars:
m_refBuilder = Gtk::Builder::create();
//Layout the actions in a menubar and toolbar:
const char* ui_info =
"<interface>"
" <menu id='menubar'>"
" <submenu>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_File</attribute>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_New</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>example.new</attribute>"
" <attribute name='accel'>&lt;Primary&gt;n</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Open</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>example.open</attribute>"
" <attribute name='accel'>&lt;Primary&gt;o</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>Rain</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>example.rain</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Quit</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>example.quit</attribute>"
" <attribute name='accel'>&lt;Primary&gt;q</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" </submenu>"
" <submenu>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Edit</attribute>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Cut</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>example.cut</attribute>"
" <attribute name='accel'>&lt;Primary&gt;x</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Copy</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>example.copy</attribute>"
" <attribute name='accel'>&lt;Primary&gt;c</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>_Paste</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>example.paste</attribute>"
" <attribute name='accel'>&lt;Primary&gt;v</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </submenu>"
" </menu>"
"</interface>";
// When the menubar is a child of a Gtk::Window, keyboard accelerators are not
// automatically fetched from the Gio::Menu.
// See the examples/book/menus/main_menu example for an alternative way of
// adding the menubar when using Gtk::ApplicationWindow.
// Gtk::Application::set_accel_for_action() is new in gtkmm 3.11.9.
app->set_accel_for_action("example.new", "<Primary>n");
app->set_accel_for_action("example.open", "<Primary>o");
app->set_accel_for_action("example.quit", "<Primary>q");
app->set_accel_for_action("example.cut", "<Primary>x");
app->set_accel_for_action("example.copy", "<Primary>c");
app->set_accel_for_action("example.paste", "<Primary>v");
try
{
m_refBuilder->add_from_string(ui_info);
m_refBuilder->add_from_resource("/toolbar/toolbar.glade");
}
catch(const Glib::Error& ex)
{
std::cerr << "Building menus and toolbar failed: " << ex.what();
}
//Get the menubar:
auto object = m_refBuilder->get_object("menubar");
auto gmenu = Glib::RefPtr<Gio::Menu>::cast_dynamic(object);
if (!gmenu)
g_warning("GMenu not found");
else
{
auto pMenuBar = Gtk::make_managed<Gtk::MenuBar>(gmenu);
//Add the MenuBar to the window:
m_Box.pack_start(*pMenuBar, Gtk::PACK_SHRINK);
}
//Get the toolbar and add it to a container widget:
Gtk::Toolbar* toolbar = nullptr;
m_refBuilder->get_widget("toolbar", toolbar);
if (!toolbar)
g_warning("GtkToolbar not found");
else
m_Box.pack_start(*toolbar, Gtk::PACK_SHRINK);
show_all_children();
}
ExampleWindow::~ExampleWindow()
{
}
void ExampleWindow::on_action_file_quit()
{
hide(); //Closes the main window to stop the app->run().
}
void ExampleWindow::on_action_file_new()
{
std::cout << "A File|New menu item was selected." << std::endl;
}
void ExampleWindow::on_action_others()
{
std::cout << "A menu item was selected." << std::endl;
}
void ExampleWindow::on_action_toggle()
{
std::cout << "The toggle menu item was selected." << std::endl;
bool active = false;
m_refActionRain->get_state(active);
//The toggle action's state does not change automatically:
active = !active;
m_refActionRain->change_state(active);
Glib::ustring message;
if(active)
message = "Toggle is active.";
else
message = "Toggle is not active";
std::cout << message << std::endl;
}
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">toolbar.gresource.xml</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<gresources>
<gresource prefix="/toolbar">
<file preprocess="xml-stripblanks">toolbar.glade</file>
<file>rain.png</file>
</gresource>
</gresources>
</pre>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="menu-example-popup"></a>Popup Menu example</h3></div></div></div>
<div class="figure">
<a name="figure-menus-popup"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 12.3. Popup Menu</b></p>
<div class="figure-contents"><div class="screenshot"><div><img src="figures/menu_popup.png" alt="Popup Menu"></div></div></div>
</div>
<br class="figure-break"><p><a class="ulink" href="http://git.gnome.org/browse/gtkmm-documentation/tree/examples/book/menus/popup/?h=gtkmm-3-24" target="_top">Source Code</a></p>
<p>File: <code class="filename">examplewindow.h</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#ifndef GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
#define GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
#include <gtkmm.h>
class ExampleWindow : public Gtk::Window
{
public:
ExampleWindow();
virtual ~ExampleWindow();
protected:
//Signal handlers:
bool on_button_press_event(GdkEventButton* button_event) override;
void on_menu_file_popup_generic();
//Child widgets:
Gtk::Box m_Box;
Gtk::EventBox m_EventBox;
Gtk::Label m_Label;
Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Builder> m_refBuilder;
Gtk::Menu* m_pMenuPopup;
};
#endif //GTKMM_EXAMPLEWINDOW_H
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">main.cc</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <gtkmm/application.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
auto app = Gtk::Application::create(argc, argv, "org.gtkmm.example");
ExampleWindow window;
//Shows the window and returns when it is closed.
return app->run(window);
}
</pre>
<p>File: <code class="filename">examplewindow.cc</code> (For use with gtkmm 3, not gtkmm 2)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
#include "examplewindow.h"
#include <iostream>
ExampleWindow::ExampleWindow()
: m_Box(Gtk::ORIENTATION_VERTICAL),
m_Label("Right-click to see the popup menu."),
m_pMenuPopup(nullptr)
{
set_title("popup example");
set_default_size(200, 200);
add(m_Box);
//Add an event box that can catch button_press events:
m_Box.pack_start(m_EventBox);
m_EventBox.signal_button_press_event().connect(sigc::mem_fun(*this,
&ExampleWindow::on_button_press_event) );
m_EventBox.add(m_Label);
//Create actions:
//Fill menu:
auto refActionGroup =
Gio::SimpleActionGroup::create();
//File|New sub menu:
//These menu actions would normally already exist for a main menu, because a
//context menu should not normally contain menu items that are only available
//via a context menu.
refActionGroup->add_action("edit",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_menu_file_popup_generic));
refActionGroup->add_action("process", //TODO: How to specify "<control>P" as an accelerator.
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_menu_file_popup_generic));
refActionGroup->add_action("remove",
sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleWindow::on_menu_file_popup_generic));
insert_action_group("examplepopup", refActionGroup);
m_refBuilder = Gtk::Builder::create();
//Layout the actions in a menubar and toolbar:
Glib::ustring ui_info =
"<interface>"
" <menu id='menu-examplepopup'>"
" <section>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>Edit</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>examplepopup.edit</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>Process</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>examplepopup.process</attribute>"
" </item>"
" <item>"
" <attribute name='label' translatable='yes'>Remove</attribute>"
" <attribute name='action'>examplepopup.remove</attribute>"
" </item>"
" </section>"
" </menu>"
"</interface>";
try
{
m_refBuilder->add_from_string(ui_info);
}
catch(const Glib::Error& ex)
{
std::cerr << "building menus failed: " << ex.what();
}
//Get the menu:
auto object =
m_refBuilder->get_object("menu-examplepopup");
auto gmenu =
Glib::RefPtr<Gio::Menu>::cast_dynamic(object);
if(!gmenu)
g_warning("GMenu not found");
m_pMenuPopup = new Gtk::Menu(gmenu);
show_all_children();
}
ExampleWindow::~ExampleWindow()
{
}
void ExampleWindow::on_menu_file_popup_generic()
{
std::cout << "A popup menu item was selected." << std::endl;
}
bool ExampleWindow::on_button_press_event(GdkEventButton* button_event)
{
if( (button_event->type == GDK_BUTTON_PRESS) && (button_event->button == 3) )
{
if(!m_pMenuPopup->get_attach_widget())
{
m_pMenuPopup->attach_to_widget(*this);
}
if(m_pMenuPopup)
m_pMenuPopup->popup_at_pointer((GdkEvent*)button_event);
// Menu::popup_at_pointer() is new in gtkmm 3.22.
// If you have an older revision, try this:
//m_pMenuPopup->popup(button_event->button, button_event->time);
return true; //It has been handled.
}
else
return false;
}
</pre>
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