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  <div class="section" id="a-3-d-illuminated-surface-in-bw">
<span id="example-05"></span><h1>(5) A 3-D illuminated surface (in bw)<a class="headerlink" href="#a-3-d-illuminated-surface-in-bw" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>Instead of a mesh plot we may choose to show 3-D surfaces using
artificial illumination. For this example we will use
<a class="reference internal" href="../grdmath.html"><span class="doc">grdmath</span></a> to make a grid file that
contains the surface given by the function
<img class="math" src="../_images/math/d9450e2db23530c27842b67859f6e60abb8fe3ee.png" alt="z(x, y) = \cos (2\pi r/8)\cdot e^{-r/10}"/>, where
<img class="math" src="../_images/math/46f994cdeffa23dda31fe2262951cee5ed526e24.png" alt="r^2 = (x^2 + y^2)"/>. The illumination is obtained by passing two
grid files to <a class="reference internal" href="../grdview.html"><span class="doc">grdview</span></a>: One with the
<em>z</em>-values (the surface) and another with intensity values (which should
be in the 1 range). We use
<a class="reference internal" href="../grdgradient.html"><span class="doc">grdgradient</span></a> to compute the
horizontal gradients in the direction of the artificial light source.
The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gray.cpt</span></code> file only has one line that states that all <em>z</em> values should have
the gray level 128. Thus, variations in shade are entirely due to
variations in gradients, or illuminations. We choose to illuminate from
the SW and view the surface from SE:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="ch">#!/bin/bash</span>
<span class="c1">#		GMT EXAMPLE 05</span>
<span class="c1">#</span>
<span class="c1"># Purpose:	Generate grid and show monochrome 3-D perspective</span>
<span class="c1"># GMT modules:	grdmath, grdview, pstext</span>
<span class="c1"># Unix progs:	echo, rm</span>
<span class="c1">#</span>
<span class="nv">ps</span><span class="o">=</span>example_05.ps
gmt grdmath -R-15/15/-15/15 -I0.3 X Y HYPOT DUP <span class="m">2</span> MUL PI MUL <span class="m">8</span> DIV COS EXCH NEG <span class="m">10</span> DIV <span class="se">\</span>
	EXP <span class="nv">MUL</span> <span class="o">=</span> sombrero.nc
gmt makecpt -C128 -T-5,5 -N &gt; g.cpt
gmt grdview sombrero.nc -JX6i -JZ2i -B5 -Bz0.5 -BSEwnZ -N-1+gwhite -Qs -I+a225+nt0.75 -X1.5i <span class="se">\</span>
	-Cg.cpt -R-15/15/-15/15/-1/1 -K -p120/30 &gt; <span class="nv">$ps</span>
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">&quot;4.1 5.5 z(r) = cos (2@~p@~r/8) @~\327@~e@+-r/10@+&quot;</span> <span class="p">|</span> gmt pstext -R0/11/0/8.5 -Jx1i <span class="se">\</span>
	-F+f50p,ZapfChancery-MediumItalic+jBC -O &gt;&gt; <span class="nv">$ps</span>
rm -f g.cpt sombrero.nc
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The variations in intensity could be made more dramatic by using
<a class="reference internal" href="../grdmath.html"><span class="doc">grdmath</span></a> to scale the intensity file
before running <a class="reference internal" href="../grdview.html"><span class="doc">grdview</span></a>. For very rough
data sets one may improve the smoothness of the intensities by passing
the output of <a class="reference internal" href="../grdgradient.html"><span class="doc">grdgradient</span></a> to
<a class="reference internal" href="../grdhisteq.html"><span class="doc">grdhisteq</span></a>. The shell-script above
will result in a plot like the one in Figure.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id1">
<a class="reference internal image-reference" href="../_images/example_05.png"><img alt="../_images/example_05.png" src="../_images/example_05.png" style="width: 500px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">3-D illuminated surface.</span></p>
</div>
</div>


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