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<div class="section" id="geospatial-indexing-example">
<h1>Geospatial Indexing Example<a class="headerlink" href="#geospatial-indexing-example" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>This example shows how to create and use a <a class="reference internal" href="../api/pymongo/collection.html#pymongo.GEO2D" title="pymongo.GEO2D"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GEO2D</span></code></a>
index in PyMongo.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="first admonition-title">See also</p>
<p class="admonition-title">The MongoDB documentation on</p>
<p class="last"><a class="reference external" href="http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/geo" name="geospatial-indexing-example"><em>geo</em></a></p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="creating-a-geospatial-index">
<h2>Creating a Geospatial Index<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-a-geospatial-index" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Creating a geospatial index in pymongo is easy:</p>
<div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">pymongo</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">MongoClient</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">GEO2D</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">db</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MongoClient</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">geo_example</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">places</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">create_index</span><span class="p">([(</span><span class="s2">"loc"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">GEO2D</span><span class="p">)])</span>
<span class="go">u'loc_2d'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="inserting-places">
<h2>Inserting Places<a class="headerlink" href="#inserting-places" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Locations in MongoDB are represented using either embedded documents
or lists where the first two elements are coordinates. Here, we’ll
insert a couple of example locations:</p>
<div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">places</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">insert_many</span><span class="p">([{</span><span class="s2">"loc"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">]},</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"loc"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">]},</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"loc"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]},</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"loc"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">]}])</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">inserted_ids</span>
<span class="go">[ObjectId('...'), ObjectId('...'), ObjectId('...'), ObjectId('...')]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="querying">
<h2>Querying<a class="headerlink" href="#querying" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Using the geospatial index we can find documents near another point:</p>
<div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pprint</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">doc</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">places</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s2">"loc"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"$near"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">]}})</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">limit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">doc</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">...</span>
<span class="go">{u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'loc': [2, 5]}</span>
<span class="go">{u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'loc': [4, 4]}</span>
<span class="go">{u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'loc': [1, 2]}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The $maxDistance operator requires the use of <a class="reference internal" href="../api/bson/son.html#bson.son.SON" title="bson.son.SON"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SON</span></code></a>:</p>
<div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">bson.son</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">SON</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"loc"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">SON</span><span class="p">([(</span><span class="s2">"$near"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">]),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"$maxDistance"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)])}</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">doc</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">places</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">limit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">doc</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">...</span>
<span class="go">{u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'loc': [2, 5]}</span>
<span class="go">{u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'loc': [4, 4]}</span>
<span class="go">{u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'loc': [1, 2]}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>It’s also possible to query for all items within a given rectangle
(specified by lower-left and upper-right coordinates):</p>
<div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"loc"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"$within"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"$box"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">]]}}}</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">doc</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">places</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'_id'</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">doc</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">{u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'loc': [2, 5]}</span>
<span class="go">{u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'loc': [4, 4]}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Or circle (specified by center point and radius):</p>
<div class="highlight-pycon notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"loc"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"$within"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"$center"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">]}}}</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">doc</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">places</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'_id'</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">doc</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">...</span>
<span class="go">{u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'loc': [2, 5]}</span>
<span class="go">{u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'loc': [1, 2]}</span>
<span class="go">{u'_id': ObjectId('...'), u'loc': [4, 4]}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>geoNear queries are also supported using <a class="reference internal" href="../api/bson/son.html#bson.son.SON" title="bson.son.SON"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SON</span></code></a>:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">bson.son</span> <span class="k">import</span> <span class="n">SON</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">command</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SON</span><span class="p">([(</span><span class="s1">'geoNear'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'places'</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'near'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])]))</span>
<span class="go">{u'ok': 1.0, u'stats': ...}</span>
</pre></div>
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<h3><a href="../index.html">Table of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Geospatial Indexing Example</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-a-geospatial-index">Creating a Geospatial Index</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#inserting-places">Inserting Places</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#querying">Querying</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Previous topic</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="datetimes.html"
title="previous chapter">Datetimes and Timezones</a></p>
<h4>Next topic</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="gevent.html"
title="next chapter">Gevent</a></p>
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