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<a name="Comparison-Ops"></a>
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<p>
Next: <a href="Boolean-Expressions.html#Boolean-Expressions" accesskey="n" rel="next">Boolean Expressions</a>, Previous: <a href="Arithmetic-Ops.html#Arithmetic-Ops" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Arithmetic Ops</a>, Up: <a href="Expressions.html#Expressions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Expressions</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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<hr>
<a name="Comparison-Operators"></a>
<h3 class="section">8.4 Comparison Operators</h3>
<a name="index-comparison-expressions"></a>
<a name="index-expressions_002c-comparison"></a>
<a name="index-relational-operators"></a>
<a name="index-operators_002c-relational"></a>
<a name="index-less-than-operator"></a>
<a name="index-greater-than-operator"></a>
<a name="index-equality-operator"></a>
<a name="index-tests-for-equality"></a>
<a name="index-equality_002c-tests-for"></a>

<p><em>Comparison operators</em> compare numeric values for relationships
such as equality.  They are written using
<em>relational operators</em>.
</p>
<p>All of Octave&rsquo;s comparison operators return a value of 1 if the
comparison is true, or 0 if it is false.  For matrix values, they all
work on an element-by-element basis.  Broadcasting rules apply.
See <a href="Broadcasting.html#Broadcasting">Broadcasting</a>.  For example:
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">[1, 2; 3, 4] == [1, 3; 2, 4]
     &rArr;  1  0
         0  1
</pre></div>

<p>According to broadcasting rules, if one operand is a scalar and the
other is a matrix, the scalar is compared to each element of the matrix
in turn, and the result is the same size as the matrix.
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt><code><var>x</var> &lt; <var>y</var></code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-_003c"></a>
<p>True if <var>x</var> is less than <var>y</var>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code><var>x</var> &lt;= <var>y</var></code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-_003c_003d"></a>
<p>True if <var>x</var> is less than or equal to <var>y</var>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code><var>x</var> == <var>y</var></code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-_003d_003d"></a>
<p>True if <var>x</var> is equal to <var>y</var>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code><var>x</var> &gt;= <var>y</var></code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-_003e_003d"></a>
<p>True if <var>x</var> is greater than or equal to <var>y</var>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code><var>x</var> &gt; <var>y</var></code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-_003e"></a>
<p>True if <var>x</var> is greater than <var>y</var>.
</p>
</dd>
<dt><code><var>x</var> != <var>y</var></code></dt>
<dt><code><var>x</var> ~= <var>y</var></code></dt>
<dd><a name="index-_0021_003d"></a>
<a name="index-_007e_003d"></a>
<p>True if <var>x</var> is not equal to <var>y</var>.
</p></dd>
</dl>

<p>For complex numbers, the following ordering is defined:
<var>z1</var> &lt; <var>z2</var>
if and only if
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">  abs (<var>z1</var>) &lt; abs (<var>z2</var>)
  || (abs (<var>z1</var>) == abs (<var>z2</var>) &amp;&amp; arg (<var>z1</var>) &lt; arg (<var>z2</var>))
</pre></div>

<p>This is consistent with the ordering used by <em>max</em>, <em>min</em> and
<em>sort</em>, but is not consistent with <small>MATLAB</small>, which only compares the real
parts.
</p>
<p>String comparisons may also be performed with the <code>strcmp</code>
function, not with the comparison operators listed above.
See <a href="Strings.html#Strings">Strings</a>.
</p>
<a name="index-_003d_003d-1"></a>
<a name="XREFeq"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-eq"></a><em></em> <strong>eq</strong> <em>(<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>)</em></dt>
<dd><p>Return true if the two inputs are equal.
</p>
<p>This function is equivalent to <code><var>x</var>&nbsp;==&nbsp;<var>y</var></code><!-- /@w -->.
</p>
<p><strong>See also:</strong> <a href="#XREFne">ne</a>, <a href="#XREFisequal">isequal</a>, <a href="#XREFle">le</a>, <a href="#XREFge">ge</a>, <a href="#XREFgt">gt</a>, <a href="#XREFne">ne</a>, <a href="#XREFlt">lt</a>.
</p></dd></dl>


<a name="index-_003e_003d-1"></a>
<a name="XREFge"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-ge"></a><em></em> <strong>ge</strong> <em>(<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>)</em></dt>
<dd><p>This function is equivalent to <code><var>x</var>&nbsp;&gt;=&nbsp;<var>y</var></code><!-- /@w -->.
</p>
<p><strong>See also:</strong> <a href="#XREFle">le</a>, <a href="#XREFeq">eq</a>, <a href="#XREFgt">gt</a>, <a href="#XREFne">ne</a>, <a href="#XREFlt">lt</a>.
</p></dd></dl>


<a name="index-_003e-1"></a>
<a name="XREFgt"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-gt"></a><em></em> <strong>gt</strong> <em>(<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>)</em></dt>
<dd><p>This function is equivalent to <code><var>x</var>&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;<var>y</var></code><!-- /@w -->.
</p>
<p><strong>See also:</strong> <a href="#XREFle">le</a>, <a href="#XREFeq">eq</a>, <a href="#XREFge">ge</a>, <a href="#XREFne">ne</a>, <a href="#XREFlt">lt</a>.
</p></dd></dl>


<a name="XREFisequal"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-isequal"></a><em></em> <strong>isequal</strong> <em>(<var>x1</var>, <var>x2</var>, &hellip;)</em></dt>
<dd><p>Return true if all of <var>x1</var>, <var>x2</var>, &hellip; are equal.
</p>
<p><strong>See also:</strong> <a href="#XREFisequaln">isequaln</a>.
</p></dd></dl>


<a name="XREFisequaln"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-isequaln"></a><em></em> <strong>isequaln</strong> <em>(<var>x1</var>, <var>x2</var>, &hellip;)</em></dt>
<dd><p>Return true if all of <var>x1</var>, <var>x2</var>, &hellip; are equal under the
additional assumption that NaN == NaN (no comparison of NaN placeholders
in dataset).
</p>
<p><strong>See also:</strong> <a href="#XREFisequal">isequal</a>.
</p></dd></dl>


<a name="index-_003c_003d-1"></a>
<a name="XREFle"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-le"></a><em></em> <strong>le</strong> <em>(<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>)</em></dt>
<dd><p>This function is equivalent to <code><var>x</var>&nbsp;&lt;=&nbsp;<var>y</var></code><!-- /@w -->.
</p>
<p><strong>See also:</strong> <a href="#XREFeq">eq</a>, <a href="#XREFge">ge</a>, <a href="#XREFgt">gt</a>, <a href="#XREFne">ne</a>, <a href="#XREFlt">lt</a>.
</p></dd></dl>


<a name="index-_003c-1"></a>
<a name="XREFlt"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-lt"></a><em></em> <strong>lt</strong> <em>(<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>)</em></dt>
<dd><p>This function is equivalent to <code><var>x</var>&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;<var>y</var></code><!-- /@w -->.
</p>
<p><strong>See also:</strong> <a href="#XREFle">le</a>, <a href="#XREFeq">eq</a>, <a href="#XREFge">ge</a>, <a href="#XREFgt">gt</a>, <a href="#XREFne">ne</a>.
</p></dd></dl>


<a name="index-_0021_003d-1"></a>
<a name="index-_007e_003d-1"></a>
<a name="XREFne"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-ne"></a><em></em> <strong>ne</strong> <em>(<var>x</var>, <var>y</var>)</em></dt>
<dd><p>Return true if the two inputs are not equal.
</p>
<p>This function is equivalent to <code><var>x</var>&nbsp;!=&nbsp;<var>y</var></code><!-- /@w -->.
</p>
<p><strong>See also:</strong> <a href="#XREFeq">eq</a>, <a href="#XREFisequal">isequal</a>, <a href="#XREFle">le</a>, <a href="#XREFge">ge</a>, <a href="#XREFlt">lt</a>.
</p></dd></dl>


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