<!-- page02.html,v 1.10 2000/03/19 20:09:32 jcej Exp --> <HTML> <HEAD> <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> <META NAME="Author" CONTENT="James CE Johnson"> <TITLE>ACE Tutorial 017</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY TEXT="#000000" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" LINK="#000FFF" VLINK="#FF0F0F"> <CENTER><B><FONT SIZE=+2>ACE Tutorial 017</FONT></B></CENTER> <CENTER><B><FONT SIZE=+2>Using the ACE_Barrier synch object</FONT></B></CENTER> <P> <HR WIDTH="100%"> First, lets take a look at the main() routine and how it will use the Barrier wrapper class. A simple ACE_Task derivative is used so that we can perform work in multiple threads. These threads will use the barrier to synch in a couple of places. <P> Obviously this isn't a very realistic example but you should be able to get the idea of how to use a Barrier without getting hung up in application-level details. <HR> <PRE> <font color=red>// page02.html,v 1.10 2000/03/19 20:09:32 jcej Exp</font> <font color=blue>#include</font> "<font color=green>Barrier_i.h</font>" <font color=blue>#include</font> "<A HREF="../../../ace/Task.h">ace/Task.h</A>" <font color=red>/* We'll use a simple Task<> derivative to test our new Barrier object. */</font> class Test : public ACE_Task<ACE_NULL_SYNCH> { public: <font color=red>// Construct the object with a desired thread count</font> Test(int _threads); <font color=red>// Open/begin the test. As usual, we have to match the</font> <font color=red>// ACE_Task signature.</font> int open(void * _unused = 0); <font color=red>// Change the threads_ value for the next invocation of open()</font> void threads(int _threads); <font color=red>// Get the current threads_ value.</font> int threads(void); <font color=red>// Perform the test</font> int svc(void); protected: <font color=red>// How many threads the barrier will test.</font> int threads_; <font color=red>// The Barrier object we'll use in our tests below</font> Barrier barrier_; }; <font color=red>/* Construct the object & initialize the threads value for open() to use. */</font> <font color=#008888>Test::Test</font>(int _threads) : threads_(_threads) { } <font color=red>/* As usual, our open() will create one or more threads where we'll do the interesting work. */</font> int <font color=#008888>Test::open</font>(void * _unused) { ACE_UNUSED_ARG(_unused); <font color=red>// One thing about the barrier: You have to tell it how many</font> <font color=red>// threads it will be synching. The threads() mutator on my</font> <font color=red>// Barrier class lets you do that and hides the implementation</font> <font color=red>// details at the same time.</font> barrier_.threads(threads_); <font color=red>// Activate the tasks as usual... Like the other cases where</font> <font color=red>// we're joining (or waiting for) our threads, we can't use</font> <font color=red>// THR_DETACHED.</font> return this->activate(THR_NEW_LWP, threads_); } void <font color=#008888>Test::threads</font>(int _threads) { threads_ = _threads; } int <font color=#008888>Test::threads</font>(void) { return threads_; } <font color=red>/* svc() will execute in each thread & do a few things with the Barrier we have. */</font> int <font color=#008888>Test::svc</font>(void) { ACE_DEBUG ((LM_INFO, "<font color=green>(%P|%t|%T)\<font color=#008888>tTest::svc</font>() Entry\n</font>")); <font color=red>// Initialize the random number generator. We'll use this to</font> <font color=red>// create sleep() times in each thread. This will help us see</font> <font color=red>// if the barrier synch is working.</font> ACE_Time_Value now(<font color=#008888>ACE_OS::gettimeofday</font>()); ACE_RANDR_TYPE seed = now.usec(); <font color=#008888>ACE_OS::srand</font>(seed); int delay; <font color=red>// After saying hello above, sleep for a random amount of time</font> <font color=red>// from 1 to 6 seconds. That will cause the next message</font> <font color=red>// "<font color=green>Entering wait()</font>" to be staggered on the output as each</font> <font color=red>// thread's sleep() returns.</font> delay = <font color=#008888>ACE_OS::rand_r</font>(seed)%5; <font color=#008888>ACE_OS::sleep</font>(abs(delay)+1); <font color=red>// When executing the app you should see these messages</font> <font color=red>// staggered in an at-most 6 second window. That is, you</font> <font color=red>// won't likely see them all at once.</font> ACE_DEBUG ((LM_INFO, "<font color=green>(%P|%t|%T)\<font color=#008888>tTest::svc</font>() Entering wait()\n</font>")); <font color=red>// All of the threads will now wait at this point. As each</font> <font color=red>// thread finishes the sleep() above it will join the waiters.</font> if( barrier_.wait() == -1 ) { ACE_DEBUG ((LM_INFO, "<font color=green>(%P|%t|%T)\tbarrier_.wait() failed!\n</font>")); return 0; } <font color=red>// When all threads have reached wait() they will give us this</font> <font color=red>// message. If you execute this, you should see all of the</font> <font color=red>// "<font color=green>Everybody together</font>" messages at about the same time.</font> ACE_DEBUG ((LM_INFO, "<font color=green>(%P|%t|%T)\<font color=#008888>tTest::svc</font>() Everybody together?\n</font>")); <font color=red>// Now we do the sleep() cycle again...</font> delay = <font color=#008888>ACE_OS::rand_r</font>(seed)%5; <font color=#008888>ACE_OS::sleep</font>(abs(delay)+1); <font color=red>// As before, these will trickle in over a few seconds.</font> ACE_DEBUG ((LM_INFO, "<font color=green>(%P|%t|%T)\<font color=#008888>tTest::svc</font>() Entering done()\n</font>")); <font color=red>// This time we call done() instead of wait(). done()</font> <font color=red>// actually invokes wait() but before returning here, it will</font> <font color=red>// clean up a few resources. The goal is to prevent carrying</font> <font color=red>// around objects you don't need.</font> if( barrier_.done() == -1 ) { ACE_DEBUG ((LM_INFO, "<font color=green>(%P|%t|%T)\tbarrier_.done() failed!\n</font>")); return 0; } <font color=red>// Since done() invokes wait() internally, we'll see this</font> <font color=red>// message from each thread simultaneously</font> ACE_DEBUG ((LM_INFO, "<font color=green>(%P|%t|%T)\<font color=#008888>tTest::svc</font>() Is everyone still here?\n</font>")); <font color=red>// A final sleep()</font> delay = <font color=#008888>ACE_OS::rand_r</font>(seed)%5; <font color=#008888>ACE_OS::sleep</font>(abs(delay)+1); <font color=red>// These should be randomly spaced like all of the other</font> <font color=red>// post-sleep messages.</font> ACE_DEBUG ((LM_INFO, "<font color=green>(%P|%t|%T)\<font color=#008888>tTest::svc</font>() Chaos and anarchy for all!\n</font>")); return(0); } <font color=red>/* Our test application... */</font> int main(int, char**) { <font color=red>// Create the test object with 10 threads</font> Test test(10); <font color=red>// and open it to test the barrier.</font> test.open(); <font color=red>// Now wait for them all to exit.</font> test.wait(); <font color=red>// Re-open the Test object with just 5 threads</font> test.threads(5); test.open(); <font color=red>// and wait for them to complete also.</font> test.wait(); return(0); } </PRE> <P><HR WIDTH="100%"> <CENTER>[<A HREF="../online-tutorials.html">Tutorial Index</A>] [<A HREF="page03.html">Continue This Tutorial</A>]</CENTER>