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><A
NAME="INSTALL-UPGRADING"
>14.4. If You Are Upgrading</A
></H1
><A
NAME="AEN15176"
></A
><P
> The internal data storage format changes with new releases of
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
>. Therefore, if you are upgrading an
existing installation that does not have a version number
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"8.0.x"</SPAN
>, you must back up and restore your
data as shown here. These instructions assume that your existing
installation is under the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/pgsql</TT
> directory,
and that the data area is in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/pgsql/data</TT
>.
Substitute your paths appropriately.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="PROCEDURE"
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
CLASS="STEP"
><P
> Make sure that your database is not updated during or after the
backup. This does not affect the integrity of the backup, but the
changed data would of course not be included. If necessary, edit
the permissions in the file
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf</TT
> (or equivalent) to
disallow access from everyone except you.
</P
></LI
><LI
CLASS="STEP"
><P
> <A
NAME="AEN15189"
></A
>
To back up your database installation, type:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>pg_dumpall > <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>outputfile</I
></TT
></KBD
></PRE
><P>
If you need to preserve OIDs (such as when using them as
foreign keys), then use the <TT
CLASS="OPTION"
>-o</TT
> option when running
<SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>pg_dumpall</SPAN
>.
</P
><P
> <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>pg_dumpall</SPAN
> does not
save large objects. Check
<A
HREF="backup.html#BACKUP-DUMP-CAVEATS"
>Section 22.1.4</A
>
if you need to do this.
</P
><P
> To make the backup, you can use the <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>pg_dumpall</SPAN
>
command from the version you are currently running. For best
results, however, try to use the <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>pg_dumpall</SPAN
>
command from <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> 8.0.11,
since this version contains bug fixes and improvements over older
versions. While this advice might seem idiosyncratic since you
haven't installed the new version yet, it is advisable to follow
it if you plan to install the new version in parallel with the
old version. In that case you can complete the installation
normally and transfer the data later. This will also decrease
the downtime.
</P
></LI
><LI
CLASS="STEP"
><P
> If you are installing the new version at the same location as the
old one then shut down the old server, at the latest before you
install the new files:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>pg_ctl stop</KBD
></PRE
><P>
On systems that have <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> started at boot time,
there is probably a start-up file that will accomplish the same thing. For
example, on a <SPAN
CLASS="SYSTEMITEM"
>Red Hat Linux</SPAN
> system one
might find that
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>/etc/rc.d/init.d/postgresql stop</KBD
></PRE
><P>
works.
</P
><P
> Very old versions might not have <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>pg_ctl</SPAN
>. If you
can't find it or it doesn't work, find out the process ID of the
old server, for example by typing
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>ps ax | grep postmaster</KBD
></PRE
><P>
and signal it to stop this way:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>kill -INT <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>processID</I
></TT
></KBD
></PRE
><P>
</P
></LI
><LI
CLASS="STEP"
><P
> If you are installing in the same place as the old version then
it is also a good idea to move the old installation out of the
way, in case you have trouble and need to revert to it.
Use a command like this:
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>mv /usr/local/pgsql /usr/local/pgsql.old</KBD
></PRE
><P>
</P
></LI
></OL
></DIV
><P
> After you have installed <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> 8.0.11, create a new database
directory and start the new server. Remember that you must execute
these commands while logged in to the special database user account
(which you already have if you are upgrading).
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>/usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data</KBD
>
<KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>/usr/local/pgsql/bin/postmaster -D /usr/local/pgsql/data</KBD
></PRE
><P>
Finally, restore your data with
</P><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
><KBD
CLASS="USERINPUT"
>/usr/local/pgsql/bin/psql -d template1 -f <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>outputfile</I
></TT
></KBD
></PRE
><P>
using the <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>new</I
></SPAN
> <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>psql</SPAN
>.
</P
><P
> Further discussion appears in
<A
HREF="migration.html"
>Section 22.4</A
>,
which you are encouraged to read in any case.
</P
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