<HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE >$BC;$$(B tips</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.54"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="The Linux Tips HOWTO" HREF="index.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="$B$O$8$a$K(B" HREF="intro.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="$B>\$7$$(B Tips" HREF="detaild.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="SECT1" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" ><DIV CLASS="NAVHEADER" ><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TH COLSPAN="3" ALIGN="center" >The Linux Tips HOWTO</TH ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="intro.html" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="80%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" ></TD ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="detaild.html" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A NAME="SHORT" >2. $BC;$$(B tips</A ></H1 ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN27" >2.1. $B$*<j7Z(B Syslog $B%H%j%C%/(B $B!A(BTips-HOWTO $B4IM}?M(B Paul Anderson</A ></H2 ><P ><TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/etc/syslog.conf</TT > $B$rJT=8$7$F!"<!$N9T$rF~$l$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > # Dump everything on tty8 *.* /dev/tty8</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P >$BCm0U;v9`!'(B<EM >$BI,$:(B Tab $B$r;H$&$3$H!*(B</EM > syslog $B$O%9%Z!<%9$r(B $B7y$$$^$9(B.....</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN35" >2.2. $B05=L$5$l$?(B HOWTO $BJ8=q$rI=<($9$k%9%/%j%W%H(B $B!A(BDidier Juges, <dj@destin.nfds.net></A ></H2 ><P >$B=i?4<T$N$o$?$7$+$iF1$8$/=i?4<T$N$R$H8~$1$K!"(BHOWTO $BJ8=q$N8!:w$HI=<($,4JC1$K(B $B$G$-$kC;$$%9%/%j%W%H$r>R2p$7$^$9!#$?$H$($P!"$o$?$7$N4D6-$@$H(B HOWTO $BJ8=q$O(B <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/usr/doc/faq/howto/</TT > $B$K05=L$5$l$FF~$C$F$$$^$9!#$3$3$G!"J8=q$N(B $B%U%!%$%kL>$O!"(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >XXX-HOWTO.gz</TT > $B$G$"$j!"(BXXX $B$NItJ,$O$=$NBjL>(B $B$H$7$^$9!#$o$?$7$O!"<!$N$h$&$J(B "howto" $B$H$$$&%9%/%j%W%H$r:n@.$7$F!"(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/usr/local/sbin</TT > $B$KCV$-$^$7$?!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > #!/bin/sh if [ "$1" = "" ]; then ls /usr/doc/faq/howto | less else gunzip -c /usr/doc/faq/howto/$1-HOWTO.gz | less fi</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P >$B0z?t$J$7$G%3%^%s%I$r<B9T$9$k$H!"%G%#%l%/%H%jFb$K$"$k(B HOWTO $BA4It$rI=<($7$^$9!#(B $B<!$K!"0z?t$H$7$F%U%!%$%kL>$N:G=i$NItJ,(B($B%O%$%U%s$h$j:8B&(B)$B$rF~NO$9$k$H!"(B ($B$b$H$NJ8=q<+BN$K$OJQ99$r2C$($:$K(B)$B$=$NJ8=q$r2rE`$7$F!"I=<($7$^$9!#(B</P ><P >$B$?$H$($P!"(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >Serial-HOWTO.gz</TT > $B$rI=<($9$k>l9g$O!"<!$N$h$&$K(B $BF~NO$7$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > $ howto Serial</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN48" >2.3. $B6u$-%9%Z!<%9$O=<J,$+!)!)!)(B $B!A(BHans Zoebelein <zocki@goldfish.cube.net></A ></H2 ><P >$B%^%&%s%H$5$l$F$$$k%G%P%$%9(B($B%G%#%9%/!"(BCD-ROM$B!"%U%m%C%T!<(B...)$B>e$K=<J,$J6u$-(B $B%9%Z!<%9$,$"$k$+$I$&$+Dj4|E*$K%A%'%C%/$9$kC;$$%9%/%j%W%H!#(B</P ><P >$B6u$-%9%Z!<%9$,L5$/$J$k$H!"(BX $BIC$4$H$K%a%C%;!<%8$,I=<($5$l!"K~GU$N%G%P%$%9$,(B $B@8$8$k$?$S$K(B 1 $BDL$N%a!<%k$,FO$-$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > #!/bin/sh # # $Id: Tips-HOWTO.sgml,v 1.4 2001/07/21 14:58:17 senda Exp $ # # # $B%G%#%9%/$,0l;~%U%!%$%k$GK~GU$K$J$k$H!"%3%s%Q%$%kCf$K4qL/$J%a%C%;!<%8$,(B # $BI=<($5$l$k$h$&$K$J$C$?$N$G!"$3$l$r=q$$$F!"%G%#%9%/$,K~GU$K$J$kA0$K7Y9p(B # $B$,I=<($5$l$k$h$&$K$7$?!#(B # # $B$3$N%9%/%j%W%H$G7/$N%5!<%P$,GzH/$rLH$l$?$J$i!"KM$K$*Ni$N%a!<%k$r(B # $BAw$C$F$A$g$&$@$$(B zocki@goldfish.cube.net # $B$3$N%9%/%j%W%H$G7/$N%5%$%H$,A4LG$7$?$J$i!"$*5$$NFG$G$9$,!"$*$$$7$$(B # $BOC$O$=$&$J$$$b$N$G$9!#@UG$$OIi$($^$;$s!#(B # sed $B$N07$$$K=,=O$5$l$F$$$kJ}!"$*$*$a$K8+$F$@$5$$!#(B:) # # # $B<+F02=$9$kJ}K!!'(Brc.local $B$K(B 'check_hdspace &' $B$H5-=R$9$k$3$H!#(B # $SLEEPTIME $BIC$4$H$K%G%#%9%/>e$N6u$-%9%Z!<%9$r%A%'%C%/$7$^$9!#(B # $B%U%m%C%T!<$d%F!<%W%I%i%$%V$b%A%'%C%/$G$-$^$9!#(B:) # $B6u$-%9%Z!<%9$,(B $MINFREE (kb) $B0J2<$K$J$k$H!"7Y9p%a%C%;!<%8$rI=<($7!"(B # $BLdBj$N$"$k%G%P%$%9$4$H$K(B 1 $BDL$N%a!<%k$r(B $MAIL_TO_ME $B$KAw?.$7$^$9!#(B # $B4p=`CM0J>e$N6u$-%9%Z!<%9$,3NJ]$5$l$k$H!":FEY%9%Z!<%9ITB-$K$J$C$?(B # $B>l9g$KHw$($F!"%a!<%kAw?.5!G=$,=`Hw$5$l$^$9!#(B # # TODO: $B%G%P%$%9$4$H$K0[$J$k(B $MINFREE $B$r@_Dj$G$-$k$h$&$K$9$k$3$H!#(B # $B6u$-%9%Z!<%9$,$J$/$J$C$?>l9g!"(B/*tmp $B%G%#%l%/%H%j$N%4%_%U%!%$%k$r(B # $BA]=|$7$F!"6u$-%9%Z!<%9$r:n$k$h$&$K$9$k$3$H!#(B DEVICES='/dev/sda2 /dev/sda8 /dev/sda9' # $B%G%P%$%9(B; $B%G%#%9%/$N@_Dj(B MINFREE=20480 # kb; $B$3$l0J2<$G7Y9pI=<((B SLEEPTIME=10 # $BIC(B; $B%A%'%C%/$N4V3V(B MAIL_TO_ME='root@localhost' # $BC/$+(B; $B7Y9p%a!<%k$NAw?.@h(B # ------- $B$3$l0J2<$NItJ,$O!"JQ99$9$kI,MW$,$"$j$^$;$s(B ($B4uK>(B) :) ------- MINMB=0 ISFREE=0 MAILED="" let MINMB=$MINFREE/1024 # yep, we are strict :) while [ 1 ]; do DF="`/bin/df`" for DEVICE in $DEVICES ; do ISFREE=`echo $DF | sed s#.\*$DEVICE" "\*[0-9]\*""\*[0-9]\*" "\*## | sed s#" ".\*##` if [ $ISFREE -le $MINFREE ] ; then let ISMB=$ISFREE/1024 echo "WARNING: $DEVICE only $ISMB mb free." >&2 #echo "more stuff here" >&2 echo -e "\a\a\a\a" if [ -z "`echo $MAILED | grep -w $DEVICE`" ] ; then echo "WARNING: $DEVICE only $ISMB mb free. (Trigger is set to $MINMB mb)" \ | mail -s "WARNING: $DEVICE only $ISMB mb free!" $MAIL_TO_ME MAILEDH="$MAILED $DEVICE" MAILED=$MAILEDH # put further action here like cleaning # up */tmp dirs... fi elif [ -n "`echo $MAILED | grep -w $DEVICE`" ] ; then # Remove mailed marker if enough disk space # again. So we are ready for new mailing action. MAILEDH="`echo $MAILED | sed s#$DEVICE##`" MAILED=$MAILEDH fi done sleep $SLEEPTIME done</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN54" >2.4. $B%m%0%U%!%$%kA]=|%f!<%F%#%j%F%#(B $B!A(BPaul Anderson, Tips-HOWTO $B4IM}<T(B</A ></H2 ><P >$B$o$?$7$HFI<T$,F1$84D6-$K$"$k$H$9$k$J$i!"FI<T$O(B 430 $B?M$NEPO?<T%j%9%H$H!"F|$K(B 100 $BDL0J>e$N%a%C%;!<%8$r(B UUCP $B>e$G<u$1<h$C$F$$$k$O$:$G$9!#$3$&$$$&>l9g!"(B $B%O%C%+!<$J$i$I$&$d$C$F$3$N5pBg$J%m%0$r=hM}$9$k$s$G$7$g$&$+!)(B $B$=$&!"(B <SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >chklogs</SPAN > $B$r%$%s%9%H!<%k$9$l$P$$$$$N$G$9!#(B chklogs $B$O(B Emilio Grimaldo <grimaldo@panama.iadhv.nl> $B$,:n@.$7$?$b$N$G!"(B $B:G?7%P!<%8%g%s$N(B 1.8 $B$O!"(B<A HREF="ftp:iadhv.nl:/pub/users/grimaldo/chklog-1.8.tar.gz" TARGET="_top" >ftp.iaehv.nl:/pub/users/grimaldo/chklogs-1.8.tar.gz</A > $B$+$iF~<j$G$-$^$9!#(B $B$J$K$h$j$b$^$:!"$3$l$r%$%s%9%H!<%k$7$^$7$g$&(B($B$b$A$m$s!"(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >doc</TT > $B%5%V%G%#%l%/%H%j$K$"$k(B info $B%U%!%$%k$b(B $B%A%'%C%/$9$k$3$H(B)$B!#(B $B%$%s%9%H!<%k$,40N;$7$?$i!"(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >crontab</TT > $B$K<!$N9T$r=q$-9~$s$G(B $B$/$@$5$$!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="1" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="SCREEN" > # Run chklogs at 9:00PM daily. 00 21 * * * /usr/local/sbin/chklogs -m</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P >$B:n6H$N$"$$$^$K!"$3$N%=%U%H%&%'%"$,$I$l$[$IAG@2$i$7$$$+:n<T$KEA$($k$N$r(B $BK:$l$J$$$G$/$@$5$$!#(B</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN64" >2.5. <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >core</TT > $B%U%!%$%kA]=|$N$*<j7Z%9%/%j%W%H(B $B!A(BOtto Hammersmith <ohammers@cu-online.com></A ></H2 ><P >$B<!$N%9%/%j%W%H$r5-=R$7$?(B <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >rmcores</TT > $B$H$$$&%U%!%$%k(B ( $B$3$N%W%m%0%i%`$N:n<T$O!"$3$l$r(B <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >handle-cores</TT > $B$H8F$s$G(B $B$$$^$9(B) $B$r:n@.$7$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > #!/bin/sh USAGE="$0 <directory> <message-file>" if [ $# != 2 ] ; then echo $USAGE exit fi echo Deleting... find $1 -name core -atime 7 -print -type f -exec rm {} \; echo e-mailing for name in `find $1 -name core -exec ls -l {} \; | cut -c16-24` do echo $name cat $2 | mail $name done</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P >$B$=$7$F!"(B<B CLASS="COMMAND" >cron</B > $B$N%8%g%V$H$7$F!"$3$l$rDj4|E*$K5/F0$7$F(B $B$/$@$5$$!#(B</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN74" >2.6. $B0[$J$k%U%!%$%k%7%9%F%`4V$G$N%G%#%l%/%H%j0\F0(B $B!A(BAlan Cox <A.Cox@swansea.ac.uk></A ></H2 ><P >$B$"$k%G%#%9%/$+$iB>$N%G%#%9%/$X!"%U%!%$%k%D%j!<$r4]$4$H$9$P$d$/0\F0$5$;$kJ}K!!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > (cd /source/directory && tar cf - . ) | (cd /dest/directory && tar xvfp -)</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P ><TT CLASS="SGMLTAG" >[</TT >$B;v8N$G%G%#%l%/%H%j$r%@%a$K$7$F$7$^$o$J$$$h$&$K!"(B <B CLASS="COMMAND" >cd /source/directory; tar...</B > $B$NItJ,$rJQ99$7$^$7$?!#(B $B$3$l$r65$($F$/$l$?(B Jim Dennis <jim@starshine.org> $B!"$"$j$,$H$&!#!A4IM}?M(B <TT CLASS="SGMLTAG" >]</TT ></P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN83" >2.7. $B$I$N%G%#%l%/%H%j$,0lHVBg$-$$$+$rCN$k(B $B!A(BMick Ghazey <mick@lowdown></A ></H2 ><P >$B$*;H$$$N%3%s%T%e!<%?$G$I$N%G%#%l%/%H%j$,0lHVBg$-$$$+!)$C$F;W$C$?$3$H$O(B $B$"$j$^$;$s$+!)(B $B<!$N%3%^%s%I$GH=$j$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > du -S | sort -n</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN88" >2.8. Linux Gazette</A ></H2 ><P >Linux Gazette $B$NAO4)<T!"(BJohn Fisk $B$K1IM@$"$l!*(B $BAG@2$i$7$$%*%s%i%$%s%^%,%8%s$G(B $B$"$k$P$+$j$G$J$/!"L5NA!*!*!*$J$N$G$9!#$3$l0J>e2?$r4|BT$7$^$9!)(B $B<!$N%5%$%H$r(B $B%A%'%C%/$7$F$/$@$5$$!#(B</P ><P > <A HREF="http://www.linuxgazette.com/" TARGET="_top" >http://www.linuxgazette.com</A ></P ><P >$B8=:_!"(BLinux Gazette $B$O(B (1) $B7n4)$K$J$j!"(B(2) John Fisk $B$O4{$KJT=8$rB`$$$F!"(B SSC $B$,0z$-7Q$$$G$$$^$9!#(B</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN94" >2.9. GNU Make 3.70 $B$N(B VPATH $B$^$o$j$N?6$kIq$$$rJQ$($k%Q%C%A$N>l=j(B $B!A(BTed Sterm <sterm@amath.washington.edu></A ></H2 ><P >$B$3$NLdBj$rJz$($F$$$k?M$,B?$$$+$I$&$+$OJ,$+$j$^$;$s$,!"(BGNU Make $B$N%P!<%8%g%s(B 3.70 $B$K$O$o$?$7$N5$$KF~$i$J$$!VFCD'!W$,$"$j$^$9!#(BVPATH $B$r@dBP%Q%9L>$GM?$($?(B $B>l9g!"$*$+$7$JF0:n$r$9$k$N$G$9!#$3$l$KBP=h$9$k$-$o$a$F0BDj$7$?%Q%C%A$r(B Paul D. Smith <psmith@wellfleet.com> $B$,Ds6!$7$F$$$^$9!#$^$?!"H`$O(B GNU Make $B$,99?7(B $B$5$l$k$?$S$K!"%K%e!<%9%0%k!<%W(B gnu.utils.bug $B$K%I%-%e%a%s%H$H%Q%C%A$rEj9F(B $B$7$F$$$^$9!#$o$?$7$O!"%"%/%;%9$9$k%7%9%F%`$N$[$\$9$Y$F$N(B gmake $B$K$3$N%Q%C%A$r(B $BEv$F$F:F%3%s%Q%$%k$7$F$$$^$9!#(B</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN97" >2.10. $B%j%V!<%H$N$?$S$K$$$A$$$A(B fsck $B$9$k$N$r$d$a$5$;$k$K$O!)(B $B!A(BDale Lutz <dal@wimsey.com></A ></H2 ><P >Q$B!'%V!<%H$N$?$S$K(B e2fsck $B$,%G%#%9%/$r%A%'%C%/$7$^$9!#$d$a$5$;$k$K$O!)(B</P ><P >$B%+!<%M%k$r:F9=C[$9$k$H!"$=$N%U%!%$%k%7%9%F%`$O(B "dirty" $B$H%^!<%/$5$l!"(B $B$=$N7k2L!"%V!<%H$N$?$S$K%G%#%9%/$,%A%'%C%/$5$l$F$7$^$$$^$9!#$3$l$r(B $B$d$a$5$;$k$K$O!"<!$N%3%^%s%I$r<B9T$7$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > rdev -R /zImage 1</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P >$B$3$N%3%^%s%I$G%+!<%M%k$,=$@5$5$l$k$N$G!"%U%!%$%k%7%9%F%`$O(B "dirty" $B$@$H(B $BH=CG$5$l$k$3$H$,$J$/$J$j$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><DIV CLASS="NOTE" ><BLOCKQUOTE CLASS="NOTE" ><P ><B >$BCm0U(B: </B >lilo $B$r;H$C$F$$$k>l9g!"(Blilo $B$N@_Dj%U%!%$%k(B ($BDL>o$O!"(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/etc/lilo.conf</TT >) $B$N(B linux $B@_Dj$NItJ,$K(B <TT CLASS="OPTION" >read-only</TT > $B$r2C$($F$/$@$5(B $B$$!#(B</P ></BLOCKQUOTE ></DIV ></P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN110" >2.11. $B%j%V!<%H$N:]!"(B"device busy" $B$N$;$$$G(B fsck $B$5$l$k$N$rHr$1$kJ}K!(B $B!A(BJon Tombs <jon@gtex02.us.es></A ></H2 ><P >$B%7%c%C%H%@%&%s;~$K(B "device busy" $B%(%i!<$,IQH/$9$k>l9g$O!"%j%V!<%H;~$K%U%!%$%k(B $B%7%9%F%`$,(B fsck $B$5$l$^$9!#0J2<$K4JC1$J=$@5J}K!$r=R$Y$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/etc/rc.d/init.d/halt</TT > $B$+(B <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/etc/rc.d/rc.0</TT > $B$K0\F0$7!"$=$7$F(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > mount -o remount,ro /mount.dir</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P >$B$N0l9T$r!"(B<B CLASS="COMMAND" >umout -a</B > $B$r8F$VA0$K!"(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/</TT > $B$r=|$$$?!"%^%&%s%H$9$kM=Dj$N$9$Y$F$N%U%!%$%k(B $B%7%9%F%`$KBP$7$FIU$12C$($^$9!#$3$&$9$l$P!"2?$i$+$NM}M3$G(B <B CLASS="COMMAND" >shutdown</B > $B$,%W%m%;%9$N(B <B CLASS="COMMAND" >kill</B > $B$K<:GT$7$F%G%#%9%/$N(B <B CLASS="COMMAND" >umount</B > $B$,$G$-$J$+$C$?>l9g$G$b!"%j%V!<%H$N:]!"%G%#%9%/$O(B "clean" $B$J$^$^$G$9!#%j%V!<%H;~4V$r$+$J$j@aLs$7$F$/$l$^$9!#(B </P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN124" >2.12. $B%O!<%I%G%#%9%/>e$N0lHVBg$-$J%U%!%$%k$r8+$D$1$kJ}K!(B $B!A(BSimon Amor <simon@foobar.co.uk></A ></H2 ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > ls -l | sort +4n</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P >$B$"$k$$$O!"%G%#%9%/%9%Z!<%9$,$^$5$KI/Gw$7$F$$$k>l9g$K$O!"$A$g$C$H;~4V$,(B $B3]$+$j$^$9$,!"8z2L$F$-$a$s$N<!$N%3%^%s%I$r;H$C$F$/$@$5$$!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > cd / ls -lR | sort +4n</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN131" >2.13. $B%Q%s%A7j$r3+$1$k%^!<%8%s$r<h$C$F%W%j%s%H%"%&%H$9$kJ}K!(B $B!A(BMike Dickey <mdickey@thorplus.lib.purdue.edu></A ></H2 ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > #!/bin/sh # /usr/local/bin/print # a simple formatted printout, to enable someone to # 3-hole punch the output and put it in a binder cat $1 | pr -t -o 5 -w 85 | lpr</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN135" >2.14. $BFCDj$N@55,I=8=$r;H$C$F%U%!%$%k%D%j!<$r8!:w$9$kJ}K!(B $B!A(BRaul Deluth Miller <rockwell@nova.umd.edu></A ></H2 ><P >$B$o$?$7$O$3$N%9%/%j%W%H$r(B "forall" $B$H8F$s$G$$$^$9!#<!$N$h$&$K$7$F;H$C$F(B $B$/$@$5$$!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > forall /usr/include grep -i ioctl forall /usr/man grep ioctl</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P >$B0J2<$O!"(B"forall" $B$NCf?H$G$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > #!/bin/sh if [ 1 = `expr 2 \> $#` ] then echo Usage: $0 dir cmd [optargs] exit 1 fi dir=$1 shift find $dir -type f -print | xargs "$@"</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN143" >2.15. $B%W%m%0%i%`$,>!<j$K:n$C$?%P%C%/%"%C%W%U%!%$%k$d%*!<%H%;!<%V%U%!%$%k$r(B $BA]=|$9$k%9%/%j%W%H(B $B!A(BBarry Tolnas <tolnas@nestor.engr.utk.edu></A ></H2 ><P >$B0J2<$G>R2p$9$k$N$O!"(B<SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >emacs</SPAN > $B$N%*!<%H%;!<%V%U%!%$%k(B( <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >#</TT >)$B!"%P%C%/%"%C%W%U%!%$%k(B(<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >~</TT >)$B!"(B <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >.o</TT > $B%U%!%$%k!"(B<SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >TeX</SPAN > $B$N(B <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >.log</TT > $B%U%!%$%k$K$D$$$F!"%U%!%$%k3,AX$r:F5"E*$K2<9_$7$F(B $B:o=|$9$k4JC1$J(B 2 $B9T%b%N$G$9!#(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >.tex</TT > $B$H(B <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >README</TT > $B%U%!%$%k$N05=L$b$7$^$9!#$o$?$7$O$3$l$r(B "sqeeze" $B$H8F$s$G$$$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > #!/bin/sh #SQUEEZE removes unnecessary files and compresses .tex and README files #By Barry tolnas, tolnas@sun1.engr.utk.edu # echo squeezing $PWD find $PWD \( -name \*~ -or -name \*.o -or -name \*.log -or -name \*\#\) -exec rm -f {} \; find $PWD \( -name \*.tex -or -name \*README\* -or -name \*readme\* \) -exec gzip -9 {} \;</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN156" >2.16. $B0lHV%a%b%j$r?)$C$F$$$k%W%m%;%9$rC5$9J}K!(B $B!A(BSimon Amor <simon@foobar.co.uk ></A ></H2 ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > ps -aux | sort +4n</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P >$B$^$?$O!"(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > ps -aux | sort +5n</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN163" >2.17. C $B%W%m%0%i%_%s%08~$1$K(B <SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >vi</SPAN > $B$r$$$8$k(B $B!A(BPaul Anderson Tips-HOWTO $B4IM}<T(B</A ></H2 ><P >$B$o$?$7$O!"2K$,$"$k$H(B C $B%W%m%0%i%`$r=q$$$F$^$9!#$=$N9g4V$K!"(B<SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >vi</SPAN > $B$G(B C $B$r=q$-$d$9$/$9$k$?$a$N=$@5$r2C$($^$7$?!#0J2<$,$o$?$7$N(B <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >.exrc</TT > $B$G$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > set autoindent set shiftwidth=4 set backspace=2 set ruler</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P >$B$3$l$,2?$r$7$F$$$k$+$H$$$&$H!"$^$:(B <TT CLASS="OPTION" >autoindent</TT > $B$O!":G=i$K0lEY(B $B%$%s%G%s%H$rF~$l$k$H$=$l0J2<$N9T$G$b<+F0E*$K%$%s%G%s%H$rF~$l$k$b$N$G$9!#(B <TT CLASS="OPTION" >shiftwidth</TT > $B$O!"(B<B CLASS="COMMAND" >^T</B > $B$r%9%Z!<%9(B 4 $B$D(B $BJ,$K@_Dj$9$k$b$N$G!"(B<TT CLASS="OPTION" >backspace</TT > $B$O!"(Bbackspace $B%b!<%I$K(B $B@_Dj$9$k$b$N!"(B<TT CLASS="OPTION" >ruler</TT > $B$O!"9THV9f$rI=<($9$k$b$N$G$9!#(B $BFCDj$N9THV9f$K0\F0$9$k>l9g!"$?$H$($P(B 20 $B9TL\$K9T$/$K$O!"<!$N%3%^%s%I$r(B $B;H$$$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > vi +20 myfile.c</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN179" >2.18. ctags $B$r;H$C$F!"%W%m%0%i%_%s%0$r$d$j$d$9$/$9$kJ}K!(B</A ></H2 ><P >$B$?$$$F$$$N%O%C%+!<$O!"%3%s%T%e!<%?>e$K(B ctags $B$rF~$l$F$$$^$9$,!";H$C$F$^$;$s!#(B $B$G$b!"$3$l$OFCDj$N4X?t$rJT=8$9$k:]$K$H$F$bJXMx$G$9!#$?$H$($P!"$"$k4X?t$,$"$j!"(B $B$=$l$,:n@.Cf$N%W%m%0%i%`MQ%G%#%l%/%H%jFb$N$?$/$5$s$N%=!<%9%U%!%$%k$N$R$H$D$K(B $BF~$C$F$$$F!"$A$g$&$I99?7$N$?$a$K$=$N4X?t$NJT=8$r$7$?$$$N$@$H$7$^$9!#$=$7$F!"(B $B$3$N4X?t$NL>A0$O!"(B<TT CLASS="FUNCTION" >foo()</TT > $B$@$H$7$F!"$3$l$r$I$N%=!<%9(B $B%U%!%$%k$KF~$l$?$N$+K:$l$F$7$^$C$?$H$7$^$9!#(Bctags $B$,JXMx$J$N$O$=$&$$$&>l9g(B $B$G$9!#(Bctags $B$r<B9T$9$k$H!"(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >tags</TT > $B$H$$$&%U%!%$%k$,(B $B%+%l%s%H%G%#%l%/%H%j$K:n@.$5$l!"$=$N%U%!%$%k$K$9$Y$F$N4X?t$,I=<($5$l$^$9!#(B $B$=$7$F!"$=$l$i$,$I$N%U%!%$%k$K$"$k$N$+!"$=$N%U%!%$%kFb$N$I$3$K$"$k$N$+$r(B $B65$($F$/$l$^$9!#(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >tags</TT > $B%U%!%$%k$NCf?H$O<!$N$h$&$J$b$N$G$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > ActiveIconManager iconmgr.c /^void ActiveIconManager(active)$/ AddDefaultBindings add_window.c /^AddDefaultBindings ()$/ AddEndResize resize.c /^AddEndResize(tmp_win)$/ AddFuncButton menus.c /^Bool AddFuncButton (num, cont, mods, func, menu, item)$/ AddFuncKey menus.c /^Bool AddFuncKey (name, cont, mods, func, menu, win_name, action)$/ AddIconManager iconmgr.c /^WList *AddIconManager(tmp_win)$/ AddIconRegion icons.c /^AddIconRegion(geom, grav1, grav2, stepx, stepy)$/ AddStartResize resize.c /^AddStartResize(tmp_win, x, y, w, h)$/ AddToClientsList workmgr.c /^void AddToClientsList (workspace, client)$/ AddToList list.c /^AddToList(list_head, name, ptr)$/</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P ><SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >vim</SPAN > $B$G!"$?$H$($P(B <TT CLASS="FUNCTION" >AddEndResize()</TT > $B$rJT=8$9$k>l9g$O!"<!$N$h$&$K$7$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > vim -t AddEndResize</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P >$B$3$l$K$h$C$F!"%(%G%#%?$KE,@Z$J%U%!%$%k$,FI$_9~$^$l!"%+!<%=%k0LCV$,;XDj$7$?(B $B4X?t$N:G=i$K$-$^$9!#(B</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN193" >2.19. Red Hat $B$G(B sendmail $B$,5/F0;~$K(B 5 $BJ,4V%O%s%0$9$kM}M3(B $B!A(BPaul Anderson <paul@geeky1.ebtech.net></A ></H2 ><P >$B$3$l$O!"(BFAQ $B$NBP>]$K$J$k$/$i$$9-$/CN$i$l$?LdBj$G$9!#(BRed Hat $B$N%G%#%9%H%j(B $B%S%e!<%7%g%s$G$3$N%P%0$,=$@5$5$l$?$N$+$I$&$+$OCN$j$^$;$s$,!"<+J,$GD>$9$3$H(B $B$b$G$-$^$9!#(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/etc/hosts</TT > $B%U%!%$%k$rGA$/$H!"<!$N$h$&$K(B $B$J$C$F$$$k$N$,J,$+$k$H;W$$$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="1" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="SCREEN" > 127.0.0.1 localhost yourbox</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P ><SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >sendmail</SPAN > $B$O5/F0;~$K%[%9%HL>(B($B>e5-$NNc$G$O!"(B <TT CLASS="OPTION" >yourbox</TT >) $B$rC5$7$^$9!#$=$7$F!"(B<TT CLASS="OPTION" >yourbox</TT > $B$N(B IP $B$,(B <TT CLASS="OPTION" >127.0.0.1</TT > $B$G$"$k$3$H$rCN$k$o$1$G$9$,!"(B<SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >sendmail</SPAN > $B$O$3$N(B IP $B$,7y$$$J$N$G!"$b$&0lEY!"C5$=$&$H$7$^$9!#(B $B$3$l$r2?EY$+7+$jJV$7$F!":G8e$KD|$a$F=*N;$7$F$7$^$$$^$9!#$3$NLdBj$r2r7h$9$k$N$O(B $B$H$F$b4JC1$G!"(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/etc/hosts</TT > $B%U%!%$%k$r3+$$$F!"$?$H$($P<!$N(B $B$h$&$KJQ99$9$k$@$1$G$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="1" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="SCREEN" > 127.0.0.1 localhost 10.56.142.1 yourbox</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN208" >2.20. Red Hat $B$G(B color-ls $B$r;H$&$?$a$N@_DjJ}K!(B $B!A(BPaul Anderson <paul@geeky1.ebtech.net></A ></H2 ><P >Red Hat $B%G%#%9%H%j%S%e!<%7%g%s$K$O(B color-ls $B$,F1:-$5$l$F$$$^$9$,!"(B $B$I$&$7$F=i4|@_Dj$N?';H$$$N$^$^J|CV$5$l$F$$$k$N$+M}2r$K6l$7$_$^$9!#(B $B0J2<$O!"$=$l$r=$@5$9$k$b$N$G$9!#(B</P ><P >$B$^$:!"(B<TT CLASS="USERINPUT" ><B >eval `DIRCOLORS`</B ></TT > $B$H%?%$%W$7$^$9!#(B</P ><P >$B<!$K!"(B<TT CLASS="USERINPUT" ><B >alias ls='ls --color=auto'</B ></TT > $B$H$7$^$9!#(B</P ><P >$B$=$7$F!">e5-(B <TT CLASS="USERINPUT" ><B >alias.....</B ></TT > $B$r(B <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/etc/bashrc</TT > $B$K5-=R$7$^$9!#(B</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN218" >2.21. $BFCDj$N4X?t$,(B <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/usr/lib</TT > $B$N$I$N%i%$%V%i%j$K$"$k$+(B $BC5$9J}K!(B $B!A(BPawel Veselow <vps@unicorn.niimm.spb.su></A ></H2 ><P >$B%3%s%Q%$%k$NESCf$G%j%s%/$9$kI,MW$,$"$k%i%$%V%i%j$,8+Ev$?$i$J$$>l9g!"$I$&$7$^(B $B$9!)(B <B CLASS="COMMAND" >gcc</B > $B$,Js9p$9$k$N$O4X?tL>$@$1$G$9!#0J2<$N4JC1$J%3%^%s%I(B $B$G!"$=$N4X?t$r8+$D$1$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B</P ><P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > for i in *; do echo $i:;nm $i|grep tgetnum 2>/dev/null;done</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></P ><P >$B>e5-$N(B <TT CLASS="OPTION" >tgetnum</TT > $B$H$$$&ItJ,$K!"C5$7$F$$$k4X?tL>$,(B $B$O$$$j$^$9!#(B</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="AEN227" >2.22. C $B$N4JC1$J(B test $B%W%m%0%i%`$r%3%s%Q%$%k$7$?$1$l$I!"<B9T$7$F$b2?$b=PNO$5$l$J$$!*(B</A ></H2 ><P >$B$*$=$i$/!"$=$N%W%m%0%i%`$r%3%s%Q%$%k$7$F!"(B<TT CLASS="FILENAME" >test</TT > $B$H$$$&(B $BL>A0$N%P%$%J%j$r:n@.$7$?$N$G$O$J$$$G$7$g$&$+!)(B Linux $B$K$O(B <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >test</TT > $B$H$$$&%W%m%0%i%`$,$b$H$b$HB8:_$7$F$$$^$9!#$3$l$O!"$"$k>r7o$,(B $B??$+H]$+$r%F%9%H$9$k%W%m%0%i%`$G!"??$N>l9g$O2hLL$K2?$bI=<($7$^$;$s!#C1$K(B <TT CLASS="USERINPUT" ><B >test</B ></TT > $B$HBG$D$N$G$O$J$/!"(B<TT CLASS="USERINPUT" ><B >./test</B ></TT > $B$HBG$C$F$_$F$/$@$5$$!#(B</P ></DIV ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="NAVFOOTER" ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="intro.html" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="index.html" >Home</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="detaild.html" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" >$B$O$8$a$K(B</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" > </TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" >$B>\$7$$(B Tips</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></BODY ></HTML >