<HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE >$B%3%s%T%e!<%?$O$I$&$d$C$FJ#?t$N$3$H$rF1;~$K9T$&$N$+(B?</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.54"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="The Unix and Internet Fundamentals HOWTO" HREF="index.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="$BF~NO%G%P%$%9$d3d$j9~$_$O$I$N$h$&$KF0:n$7$F$$$k$N$+(B?" HREF="devices.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="$B%3%s%T%e!<%?$O$I$&$d$C$FJ#?t$N%W%m%;%9$,43>D$7$"$o$J$$$h$&$K$7$F$$$k$N$+(B?" HREF="memory-management.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="SECT1" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" ><DIV CLASS="NAVHEADER" ><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TH COLSPAN="3" ALIGN="center" >The Unix and Internet Fundamentals HOWTO</TH ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="devices.html" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="80%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" ></TD ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="memory-management.html" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A NAME="MULTITASKING" >7. $B%3%s%T%e!<%?$O$I$&$d$C$FJ#?t$N$3$H$rF1;~$K9T$&$N$+(B?</A ></H1 ><P >$B<B:]$K$O!"J#?t$N$3$H$rF1;~$K9T$C$F$$$k$o$1$G$O$"$j$^$;$s!#(B $B%3%s%T%e!<%?$O!"$=$N;~!9$G(B $B$R$H$D$N%?%9%/(B ($B$b$7$/$O(B<I CLASS="FIRSTTERM" >$B%W%m%;%9(B (process)</I > ) $B$7$+=hM}$G$-$^$;$s!#$7$+$7!"%3%s%T%e!<%?$O!"J#?t$N%?%9%/$r=V;~$K(B $B@Z$jBX$($J$,$i=hM}$G$-$k$N$G!"?M4V$N463P$+$i$9$k$H!"J#?t$N$3$H$r(B $BF1;~$K9T$C$F$$$k$h$&$K:x3P$5$;$k$3$H$,$G$-$k$N$G$9!#$3$&$7$?J}K!$O!"(B <I CLASS="FIRSTTERM" >$B%?%$%`%7%'%"%j%s%0(B (timesharing, $B;~J,3dJ}<0(B)</I > $B$H8F$P$l$F$$$^$9!#(B</P ><P >$B%?%$%`%7%'%"%j%s%0$N4IM}$b!"%+!<%M%k$N;E;v$N$R$H$D$G$9!#%+!<%M%k$K$O(B <I CLASS="FIRSTTERM" >$B%9%1%8%e!<%i(B (scheduler)</I > $B$H$$$&ItJ,$,$"$j!"(B $B$3$l$,(B($B%+!<%M%k0J30$N(B)$BA4%W%m%;%9$K4X$9$k>pJs$rFbIt$KJ];}$7$F$$$^$9!#(B 60 $BJ,$N(B 1 $BIC$4$H$K!"%+!<%M%kFb$N%?%$%^!<$,?J$s$G!"%/%m%C%/3d$j9~$_$r(B $B@8@.$7$^$9!#%9%1%8%e!<%i$O!"8=:_<B9TCf$N%W%m%;%9$rDd;_$5$;$F!"(B $B$=$l$rE,59J]N1$7$?$&$($G!"JL$N%W%m%;%9$K@)8f$rEO$7$^$9!#(B</P ><P >60 $BJ,$N(B 1 $BIC$H$$$&$N$O!"$"$^$jD9$$;~4V$H$O;W$($J$$$+$b$7$l$^$;$s$,!"(B $B:#F|$N%^%$%/%m%W%m%;%C%5$+$i$9$k$H!"?tK|$N%^%7%sL?Na$r<B9T$7$&$k$@$1$N(B $B4V3V$G$"$j!"$=$l$@$1$"$l$P!"$+$J$j$N;E;v$,$3$J$;$^$9!#$=$l$f$(!"B?$/$N(B $B%W%m%;%9$,B8:_$7$?$H$7$F$b!"$=$l$>$l$N%W%m%;%9$O!"$=$N3d$jEv$F;~4VFb$K(B $B7k9=$J;E;vNL$r$3$J$;$k$o$1$G$9!#(B</P ><P >$B<B:]$K$O!"%W%m%0%i%`$O$=$N3d$jEv$F;~4V$rA4It;H$($J$$(B $B>l9g$b$"$j$^$9!#(BI/O $B%G%P%$%9$+$i3d$j9~$_$,$+$+$k$H!"%+!<%M%k$O8zN($h$/(B $B8=:_$N%W%m%;%9$rDd;_$5$;!"3d$j9~$_%O%s%I%i$r<B9T$7$F!"$=$N$"$H$G(B $B8=:_$N%W%m%;%9$r:F3+$7$^$9!#9b$$M%@h=g0L$N3d$j9~$_$,$D$.$D$.$K5/$3$k$H!"(B $BDL>o$N=hM}$,$^$C$?$/9T$o$l$J$/$J$C$F$7$^$$$^$9!#$3$N0[>o;vBV$O!"(B <I CLASS="FIRSTTERM" >$B%9%i%C%7%s%0(B (thrashing)</I > $B$H8F$P$l$F$$$F$$$^$9$,!"(B $B9,$J$3$H$K!"8=:_$N(B Unix $B$G$O$a$C$?$K5/$3$i$J$/$J$C$F$$$^$9!#(B</P ><P >$B;v<B!"%W%m%0%i%`$N<B9TB.EY$O!"%W%m%0%i%`$,<hF@$9$k%^%7%s;~4V$N(B $BNL$K$h$C$F@)8B$5$l$k$H$$$&$3$H$O$[$H$s$I$"$j$^$;$s(B ($B%5%&%s%I$d(B 3-D $B%0%i%U%#%C%/$N@8@.$J$I!"$$$/$D$+$NNc30$O$"$j$^$9$,(B)$B!#<B9T$NCY1d$,(B $B5/$3$k860x$O!"$?$$$F$$!"%W%m%0%i%`$,%G%#%9%/$d%M%C%H%o!<%/(B $B>e$K$"$k%G!<%?$r<hF@$7$h$&$H$7$FBT$C$F$$$k4V$KH/@8$9$k$N$G$"$j!"(B $B$[$H$s$I$N860x$,$3$l$G$9!#(B</P ><P >$BB?$/$N%W%m%;%9$r=g$KF1;~JB9TE*$K=hM}$G$-$k%*%Z%l!<%F%#%s%0%7%9%F%`$O!"(B "$B%^%k%A%?%9%/(B (multitasking) " OS $B$H8F$P$l$^$9!#(BUnix $B7O$N%*%Z%l!<%F%#%s%0(B $B%7%9%F%`$O!"$b$H$b$H%^%k%A%?%9%/(B OS $B$H$7$F@_7W$5$l$F$*$j!"$=$l$rHs>o$K(B $BF@0U$H$7$F$$$^$9!#(BWindows $B$d(B Mac OS $B$J$I$h$j$b$:$C$H8zN($h$/=hM}$G$-$^$9!#(B Windows $B$d(B Mac OS $B$O!"%^%k%A%?%9%/5!G=$r8e$+$iAH$_9~$s$G$$$k$N$G!"(B Unix $B$KHf$Y$k$H$d$d$*$=$^$D$G$9!#$3$N8zN($N$h$$!"?.Mj$G$-$k%^%k%A%?%9%/(B $B5!G=$O!"%M%C%H%o!<%/DL?.$d%&%'%V%5!<%S%9$NJ,Ln$G(B Linux $B$rM%0L$KN)$?$;$k(B $BBg$-$JMW0x$H$J$C$F$$$^$9!#(B</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="NAVFOOTER" ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="devices.html" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="index.html" >Home</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="memory-management.html" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" >$BF~NO%G%P%$%9$d3d$j9~$_$O$I$N$h$&$KF0:n$7$F$$$k$N$+(B?</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" > </TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" >$B%3%s%T%e!<%?$O$I$&$d$C$FJ#?t$N%W%m%;%9$,43>D$7$"$o$J$$$h$&$K$7$F$$$k$N$+(B?</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></BODY ></HTML >