<HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE >HOWTO $B$N%+%F%4%jJL0lMw(B</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.54"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="LDP HOWTO-INDEX " HREF="index.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="$BK]Lu$5$l$?(B HOWTO" HREF="translations.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="Linux OS" HREF="os.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="CHAPTER" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" ><DIV CLASS="NAVHEADER" ><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TH COLSPAN="3" ALIGN="center" ><A HREF="http://www.linuxdoc.org/" TARGET="_top" >LDP </A > HOWTO-INDEX</TH ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="translations.html" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="80%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" ></TD ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="os.html" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"></DIV ><DIV CLASS="CHAPTER" ><H1 ><A NAME="CATEGORIES" >Chapter 4. HOWTO $B$N%+%F%4%jJL0lMw(B</A ></H1 ><DIV CLASS="TOC" ><DL ><DT ><B >Table of Contents</B ></DT ><DT >4.1. <A HREF="os.html" >Linux OS</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >4.1.1. <A HREF="os.html#OSGS" >$B$O$8$a$F$N(B Linux</A ></DT ><DT >4.1.2. <A HREF="os.html#OSSWITCH" >$BB>$N%*%Z%l!<%F%#%s%0%7%9%F%`$+$i$N>h$j49$((B</A ></DT ><DT >4.1.3. <A HREF="os.html#OSDIST" >$B%G%#%9%H%j%S%e!<%7%g%s(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.1.4. <A HREF="os.html#OSINSTALL" >$B%$%s%9%H!<%k(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.1.5. <A HREF="os.html#OSKERNEL" >$B%+!<%M%k(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.1.6. <A HREF="os.html#OSBOOT" >$B%V!<%H%m!<%@$H(B OS $B$N%V!<%H(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.1.7. <A HREF="os.html#OSPP" >$BJBNs=hM}(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.1.8. <A HREF="os.html#OSPARTITIONS" >$B%Q!<%F%#%7%g%s$H%U%!%$%k%7%9%F%`(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.1.9. <A HREF="os.html#OSRAID" >RAID</A ></DT ><DT >4.1.10. <A HREF="os.html#OSPRINTING" >$B0u:~(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.1.11. <A HREF="os.html#OSSHELL" >$B%7%'%k(B(shell)</A ></DT ><DT >4.1.12. <A HREF="os.html#OSUSING" >Linux $B$r;H$&(B</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >4.2. <A HREF="admin.html" >$B%7%9%F%`4IM}$H@_Dj(B</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >4.2.1. <A HREF="admin.html#ADMCONFIG" >$B@_Dj(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.2.2. <A HREF="admin.html#ADMBENCHMARK" >$B%Y%s%A%^!<%/(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.2.3. <A HREF="admin.html#ADMCLUSTER" >$B%/%i%9%?%j%s%0(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.2.4. <A HREF="admin.html#ADMBACKUP" >$B%P%C%/%"%C%W(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.2.5. <A HREF="admin.html#ADMRECOVERY" >$B%j%+%P%j(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.2.6. <A HREF="admin.html#ADMSECURITY" >$B%;%-%e%j%F%#(B</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >4.3. <A HREF="hardware.html" >$B%O!<%I%&%'%"(B</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >4.3.1. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWINTRO" >$BA4HL(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.2. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWPLATFORMS" >$B%W%i%C%H%U%)!<%`(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.3. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWVIDEO" >$B%S%G%*%+!<%I(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.4. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWCPU" >CPU $B$H%"!<%-%F%/%A%c(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.5. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWCDROM" >CD-ROM $B$H(B DVD-ROM $B%I%i%$%V(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.6. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWOPTICAL" >$B%*%W%F%#%+%k!&%G%#%9%/(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.7. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWKYBRD" >$B%-!<%\!<%I$H%3%s%=!<%k(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.8. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWDIGICAM" >$B%G%8%?%k%+%a%i(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.9. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWGRFXTAB" >$B%0%i%U%#%C%/%?%V%l%C%H(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.10. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWDISKETTE" >$B%U%m%C%T!<%G%#%9%/(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.11. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWHD" >$B%O!<%I%G%#%9%/(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.12. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWJAZZIP" >Jaz $B$H(B ZIP $B%I%i%$%V(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.13. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWMICE" >$B%^%&%9(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.14. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWMODEMS" >$B%b%G%`(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.15. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWSCSI" >SCSI</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.16. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWSERIALPORT" >$B%7%j%"%k%]!<%H(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.17. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWSOUND" >$B%5%&%s%I%+!<%I(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.18. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWTAPE" >$B%F!<%W%I%i%$%V(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.19. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWTOUCH" >$B%?%C%A%9%/%j!<%s(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.20. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWUPS" >UPS</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.21. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWWIRELESS" >$B%o%$%d%l%9(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.3.22. <A HREF="hardware.html#HWMISC" >$B$=$NB>(B</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >4.4. <A HREF="networking.html" >$B%M%C%H%o!<%-%s%0(B</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >4.4.1. <A HREF="networking.html#NETGENERAL" >$BA4HL(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.4.2. <A HREF="networking.html#NETPROTOCOLS" >$B%W%m%H%3%k(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.4.3. <A HREF="networking.html#NETDIALUP" >$B%@%$%d%k%"%C%W(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.4.4. <A HREF="networking.html#NETDNS" >DNS</A ></DT ><DT >4.4.5. <A HREF="networking.html#NETVPN" >$B2>A[%W%i%$%Y!<%H%M%C%H%o!<%/(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.4.6. <A HREF="networking.html#NETBRIDGE" >$B%V%j%C%8(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.4.7. <A HREF="networking.html#NETROUTING" >$B%k!<%?(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.4.8. <A HREF="networking.html#NETSECURITY" >$B%;%-%e%j%F%#(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.4.9. <A HREF="networking.html#NETTELE" >$BEEOC2s@~$H1R@12s@~(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.4.10. <A HREF="networking.html#NETMISC" >$B$=$NB>(B</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >4.5. <A HREF="apps.html" >$B%"%W%j%1!<%7%g%s(B / GUI / $B%^%k%A%a%G%#%"(B</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >4.5.1. <A HREF="apps.html#APPSINSTALL" >$B%"%W%j%1!<%7%g%s$N%$%s%9%H!<%k(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.5.2. <A HREF="apps.html#USERAPPS" >$B%f!<%6!&%"%W%j%1!<%7%g%s(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.5.3. <A HREF="apps.html#SERVERAPPS" >$B%5!<%P!&%"%W%j%1!<%7%g%s(B</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >4.5.3.1. <A HREF="apps.html#SERVERDBMS" >DBMS</A ></DT ><DT >4.5.3.2. <A HREF="apps.html#SERVERMAIL" >$B%a!<%k(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.5.3.3. <A HREF="apps.html#SERVERUSENET" >Usenet $B%M%C%H%o!<%/%K%e!<%9(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.5.3.4. <A HREF="apps.html#SERVERHTTP" >HTTP $B$H(B FTP</A ></DT ><DT >4.5.3.5. <A HREF="apps.html#SERVERMISC" >$B$=$NB>(B</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >4.5.4. <A HREF="apps.html#GUI" >GUI $B$H%&%#%s%I%&%^%M!<%8%c(B</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >4.5.4.1. <A HREF="apps.html#GUIXWIN" >X Window $B%7%9%F%`(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.5.4.2. <A HREF="apps.html#GUIWMGR" >$B%&%#%s%I%&%^%M!<%8%c(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.5.4.3. <A HREF="apps.html#GUIFONTS" >$B%U%)%s%H(B</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >4.5.5. <A HREF="apps.html#MM" >$B%^%k%A%a%G%#%"(B</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >4.5.5.1. <A HREF="apps.html#MMAUDIO" >$B%*!<%G%#%*(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.5.5.2. <A HREF="apps.html#MMVIDEO" >$B%S%G%*(B</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ></DL ></DD ><DT >4.6. <A HREF="programming.html" >$B%W%m%0%i%_%s%0(B</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >4.6.1. <A HREF="programming.html#PROGGENERAL" >$BA4HL(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.6.2. <A HREF="programming.html#PROGCOMPILERS" >$B%3%s%Q%$%i(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.6.3. <A HREF="programming.html#PROGLANG" >$B8@8l(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.6.4. <A HREF="programming.html#PROGLIB" >$B%i%$%V%i%j(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.6.5. <A HREF="programming.html#PROGINTERFACE" >$B%$%s%?!<%U%'%$%9!&(BAPI$B!&%W%m%H%3%k(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.6.6. <A HREF="programming.html#PROGSECURITY" >$B%;%-%e%j%F%#(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.6.7. <A HREF="programming.html#PROGTOOLS" >$B%D!<%k(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.6.8. <A HREF="programming.html#PROGVC" >$B%P!<%8%g%s4IM}(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.6.9. <A HREF="programming.html#PROGDBMS" >DBMS</A ></DT ><DT >4.6.10. <A HREF="programming.html#PROGMISC" >$B$=$NB>(B</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >4.7. <A HREF="other-lang.html" >$BB?9q8lBP1~(B</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >4.7.1. <A HREF="other-lang.html#OTHER-LANG-SUPPORT" >$B8@8l%5%]!<%H(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.7.2. <A HREF="other-lang.html#OTHER-LANG-SPECIFIC" >$BFCDjCO0h$N8@8l%5%]!<%H(B</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >4.8. <A HREF="misc.html" >$B$=$NB>(B</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >4.8.1. <A HREF="misc.html#MISCAUTHOR" >$BJ8=q$N:n@.(B</A ></DT ><DT >4.8.2. <A HREF="misc.html#MISCADV" >Linux $B$NIa5Z$H%3%_%e%K%F%#$X$N;22C(B($B$H3hF0(B)</A ></DT ><DT >4.8.3. <A HREF="misc.html#MISCSPECIAL" >$B<qL#$HFC<l$JMQES(B</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ></DL ></DIV ><P >$B$3$N>O$O!"8=:_!"F~<j2DG=$J(B HOWTO $B$N%+%F%4%jJL0lMwI=$G$9!#J8=q$r%+%F%4%jJL(B $B$KJ,N`$9$k$3$H$G!"$*C5$7$N>pJs$N8!:w$,$d$j$d$9$/$J$l$P$5$$$o$$$G$9!#(B</P ><P >HOWTO $BJ8=q$r:G=i$KJ,N`$9$kO+$r$H$C$F$/$l$?(B David Merrill $B$K$O!"(B $BFC$K46<U$$$?$7$^$9!#(B</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="NAVFOOTER" ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="translations.html" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="index.html" >Home</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="os.html" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" >$BK]Lu$5$l$?(B HOWTO</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" > </TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" >Linux OS</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></BODY ></HTML >