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<a name="Simultaneous-notes"></a>
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<h2 class="unnumbered">Simultaneous notes</h2>
<p>These snippets illustrate the Notation Reference,
section <a href="../../../Documentation/user/lilypond/Simultaneous-notes.html#Simultaneous-notes">Simultaneous notes</a>.
<p><a name="additional-voices-to-avoid-collisions.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Additional voices to avoid collisions</h3>
<p>In some instances of complex polyphonic music, additional voices are
necessary to prevent collisions between notes. If more than four
parallel voices are needed, additional voices can be added by defining
a variable using the Scheme function <code>context-spec-music</code>.
<pre class="verbatim">
voiceFive = #(context-spec-music (make-voice-props-set 4) 'Voice)
\relative c'' {
\time 3/4 \key d \minor \partial 2
<<
{ \voiceOne
a4. a8
e'4 e4. e8
f4 d4. c8
} \\ {
\voiceThree
f,2
bes4 a2
a4 s2
} \\ {
\voiceFive
s2
g4 g2
f4 f2
} \\ {
\voiceTwo
d2
d4 cis2
d4 bes2
}
>>
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../c9/lily-6be42b3d.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../c9/lily-6be42b3d.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="changing-a-single-notes-size-in-a-chord.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Changing a single note's size in a chord</h3>
<p>Individual note heads in a chord can be modified with the
<code>\tweak</code> command inside a chord, by altering the <code>font-size</code>
property.
<p>Inside the chord (within the brackets <code>< ></code>), before the note to
be altered, place the <code>\tweak</code> command, followed by
<code>#'font-size</code> and define the proper size like <code>#-2</code> (a tiny
notehead).
<pre class="verbatim">
\layout { ragged-right = ##t }
\relative {
<\tweak #'font-size #+2 c e g c \tweak #'font-size #-2 e>1^\markup { A tiny e }_\markup { A big c }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../69/lily-7e4a3f0d.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../69/lily-7e4a3f0d.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="changing-partcombine-texts.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Changing partcombine texts</h3>
<p>When using the automatic part combining feature, the printed text for
the solo and unison sections may be changed:
<pre class="verbatim">
\new Staff <<
\set Staff.soloText = #"girl"
\set Staff.soloIIText = #"boy"
\set Staff.aDueText = #"together"
\partcombine
\relative c'' {
g4 g r r
a2 g
}
\relative c'' {
r4 r a( b)
a2 g
}
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../f7/lily-895dc057.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../f7/lily-895dc057.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="clusters.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Clusters</h3>
<p>Clusters are a device to denote that a complete range of notes is to be
played.
<pre class="verbatim">
\layout {
ragged-right = ##t
}
fragment = \relative c' {
c4 f <e d'>4
<g a>8 <e a> a4 c2 <d b>4
e2 c
}
<<
\new Staff \fragment
\new Staff \makeClusters \fragment
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../67/lily-7b23dbb9.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../67/lily-7b23dbb9.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="combining-two-parts-on-the-same-staff.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Combining two parts on the same staff</h3>
<p>The part combiner tool ( <code>\partcombine</code> command ) allows the
combination of several different parts on the same staff. Text
directions such as "solo" or "a2" are added by default; to remove
them, simply set the property <code>printPartCombineTexts</code> to
"false". For vocal scores (hymns), there is no need to add
"solo"/"a2" texts, so they should be switched off. However, it
might be better not to use it if there are any solos, as they won't be
indicated. In such cases, standard polyphonic notation may be
preferable.
<p>This snippet presents the three ways two parts can be printed on a same
staff: standard polyphony, <code>\partcombine</code> without texts, and
<code>\partcombine</code> with texts.
<pre class="verbatim">
musicUp = \relative c'' {
\time 4/4
a4 c4.( g8) a4 |
g4 e' g,( a8 b) |
c b a2.
}
musicDown = \relative c'' {
g4 e4.( d8) c4 |
r2 g'4( f8 e) |
d2 \stemDown a
}
\score {
<<
<<
\new Staff {
\set Staff.instrumentName = "Standard polyphony "
<< \musicUp \\ \musicDown >>
}
\new Staff \with { printPartCombineTexts = ##f } {
\set Staff.instrumentName = "PartCombine without texts "
\partcombine \musicUp \musicDown
}
\new Staff {
\set Staff.instrumentName = "PartCombine with texts "
\partcombine \musicUp \musicDown
}
>>
>>
\layout {
indent = 6.0\cm
\context {
\Score
\override SystemStartBar #'collapse-height = #30
}
}
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../5e/lily-c79da8a0.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../5e/lily-c79da8a0.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="forcing-horizontal-shift-of-notes.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Forcing horizontal shift of notes</h3>
<p>When the typesetting engine cannot cope, the <code>force-hshift</code>
property of the <code>NoteColumn</code> object can be used to override
typesetting decisions. The measure units used here are staff spaces.
<pre class="verbatim">
\relative c' <<
{
<d g>2 <d g>
}
\\
{ <b f'>2
\once \override NoteColumn #'force-hshift = #1.7
<b f'>2
}
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../1b/lily-041be501.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../1b/lily-041be501.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="suppressing-warnings-for-clashing-note-columns.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Suppressing warnings for clashing note columns</h3>
<p>If notes from two voices with stems in the same direction are
placed at the same position, and both voices have no shift or the
same shift specified, the error message "warning: ignoring too
many clashing note columns" will appear when compiling the
LilyPond file. This message can be suppressed by setting the
<code>'ignore-collision</code> property of the <code>NoteColumn</code> object
to <code>#t</code>.
<pre class="verbatim">
ignore = \override NoteColumn #'ignore-collision = ##t
\relative c' <<
\ignore
{ \stemDown f2 g } \\
{ c2 c, }
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../28/lily-74c9287c.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../28/lily-74c9287c.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
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