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<h2 class="unnumbered">Spacing</h2>
<p>These snippets illustrate the Notation Reference,
section <a href="../../../Documentation/user/lilypond/Spacing-issues.html#Spacing-issues">Spacing issues</a>.
<p><a name="adjusting-lyrics-vertical-spacing.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Adjusting lyrics vertical spacing</h3>
<p>This snippet shows how to bring the lyrics line closer to the staff.
<pre class="verbatim">
% Default layout:
<<
\new Staff \new Voice = melody \relative c' {
c4 d e f
g4 f e d
c1
}
\new Lyrics \lyricsto melody { aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa }
% Reducing the minimum space below the staff and above the lyrics:
\new Staff \with {
\override VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-1 . 4)
}
\new Voice = melody \relative c' {
c4 d e f
g4 f e d
c1
}
\new Lyrics \with {
\override VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-1.2 . 1)
}
\lyricsto melody { aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa aa }
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../25/lily-be0a47ca.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../25/lily-be0a47ca.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="alignment-vertical-spacing.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Alignment vertical spacing</h3>
<p>By setting properties in <code>NonMusicalPaperColumn</code>, vertical spacing
can be adjusted per system.
<p>By setting <code>alignment-extra-space</code> or
<code>fixed-alignment-extra-space</code> an individual system may be
stretched vertically.
<p>For technical reasons, <code>\overrideProperty</code> must be used for
changing these properties within a staff; <code>\override</code> in a
<code>\context</code> block may still be used for global overrides.
<pre class="verbatim">
#(set-global-staff-size 13)
\relative c''
\new StaffGroup <<
\new Staff {
c1 \break
c1 \break
c1 \break
}
\new Staff {
c1 | c | c
}
\new PianoStaff <<
\new Voice {
\set PianoStaff.instrumentName = #"piano"
\set PianoStaff.shortInstrumentName = #"pn"
c1_"normal"
\overrideProperty
#"Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
#'line-break-system-details
#'((fixed-alignment-extra-space . 15))
c_"fixed-aligment-extra-space"
\overrideProperty
#"Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
#'line-break-system-details
#'((alignment-extra-space . 15))
c_"aligment-extra-space"
}
{ c1 | c | c }
>>
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../9c/lily-a3881ca4.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../9c/lily-a3881ca4.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Allowing fingerings to be printed inside the staff</h3>
<p>By default, fingering numbers will be printed outside the staff.
However, this behavior can be canceled.
<pre class="verbatim">
\relative c' {
<c-1 e-2 g-3 b-5>2
\once \override Fingering #'staff-padding = #'()
<c-1 e-2 g-3 b-5>2
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../51/lily-3f70c2ad.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../51/lily-3f70c2ad.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="page-label.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Page label</h3>
<p>Page labels may be placed inside music or at top-level,
and referred to in markups.
<pre class="verbatim">
#(set-default-paper-size "a6")
#(define-markup-command (toc-line layout props label text) (symbol? markup?)
(interpret-markup layout props
(markup #:fill-line (text #:page-ref label "8" "?"))))
\book {
\markup \huge \fill-line { \null Title Page \null }
\pageBreak
\label #'toc
\markup \column {
\large \fill-line { \null Table of contents \null }
\toc-line #'toc "Table of contents"
\toc-line #'firstScore "First Score"
\toc-line #'markA "Mark A"
\toc-line #'markB "Mark B"
\toc-line #'markC "Mark C"
\toc-line #'unknown "Unknown label"
}
\pageBreak
\label #'firstScore
\score {
{
c'2 c'
\mark \markup { A (page \concat { \page-ref #'markA "0" "?" ) } } \label #'markA
c'2 c'
\pageBreak
\mark "B" \label #'markB
d'2 d'
d'2 d'
\once \override Score.RehearsalMark #'break-visibility = #begin-of-line-invisible
\mark "C" \label #'markC
}
\header { piece = "First score" }
}
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../78/lily-f538e3cd.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../78/lily-f538e3cd.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="proportional-strict-notespacing.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Proportional strict notespacing</h3>
<p>If <code>strict-note-spacing</code> is set spacing of notes is not influenced
by bars or clefs within a system. Rather, they are placed just before
the note that occurs at the same time. This may cause collisions.
<pre class="verbatim">
\paper {
ragged-right = ##t
}
\relative c'' <<
\override Score.SpacingSpanner #'strict-note-spacing = ##t
\set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
\new Staff {
c8[ c \clef alto c c \grace { d16 } c8 c] c4
c2 \grace { c16[ c16] } c2
}
\new Staff {
c2 \times 2/3 { c8 \clef bass cis,, c } c4
c1
}
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../7b/lily-72ebb147.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../7b/lily-72ebb147.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="vertically-aligned-dynamics-and-textscripts.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Vertically aligned dynamics and textscripts</h3>
<p>By setting the <code>Y-extent</code> property to a suitable value, all
<code>DynamicLineSpanner</code> objects (hairpins and dynamic texts) can be
aligned to a common reference point, regardless of their actual extent.
This way, every element will be vertically aligned, thus producing a
more pleasing output.
<p>The same idea is used to align the text scripts along their baseline.
<pre class="verbatim">
music = \relative c'' {
c2\p^\markup { gorgeous } c\f^\markup { fantastic }
c4\p c\f\> c c\!\p
}
{
\music \break
\override DynamicLineSpanner #'staff-padding = #2.0
\override DynamicLineSpanner #'Y-extent = #'(-1.5 . 1.5)
\override TextScript #'Y-extent = #'(-1.5 . 1.5)
\music
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../58/lily-531c047d.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../58/lily-531c047d.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="vertically-aligning-ossias-and-lyrics.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Vertically aligning ossias and lyrics</h3>
<p>This snippet demonstrates the use of the context properties
<code>alignBelowContext</code> and <code>alignAboveContext</code> to control the
positioning of lyrics and ossias.
<pre class="verbatim">
\paper {
ragged-right = ##t
}
\relative c' <<
\new Staff = "1" { c4 c s2 }
\new Staff = "2" { c4 c s2 }
\new Staff = "3" { c4 c s2 }
{ \skip 2
<<
\lyrics {
\set alignBelowContext = #"1"
lyrics4 below
}
\new Staff \with {
alignAboveContext = #"3"
fontSize = #-2
\override StaffSymbol #'staff-space = #(magstep -2)
\remove "Time_signature_engraver"
} {
\times 4/6 {
\override TextScript #'padding = #3
c8^"ossia above" d e d e f
}
}
>>
}
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../52/lily-7de9f8d7.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../52/lily-7de9f8d7.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
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