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<p>
<a name="Templates"></a>
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<hr>
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<h2 class="unnumbered">Templates</h2>
<p><a name="ancient-notation-template----modern-transcription-of-gregorian-music.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of gregorian music</h3>
<p>This example demonstrates how to do modern transcription of Gregorian
music. Gregorian music has no measure, no stems; it uses only half and
quarter note heads, and special marks, indicating rests of different
length.
<pre class="verbatim">
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
chant = \relative c' {
\set Score.timing = ##f
f4 a2 \divisioMinima
g4 b a2 f2 \divisioMaior
g4( f) f( g) a2 \finalis
}
verba = \lyricmode {
Lo -- rem ip -- sum do -- lor sit a -- met
}
\score {
\new Staff <<
\new Voice = "melody" \chant
\new Lyrics = "one" \lyricsto melody \verba
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Staff
\remove "Time_signature_engraver"
\remove "Bar_engraver"
\override Stem #'transparent = ##t
}
\context {
\Voice
\override Stem #'length = #0
}
\context {
\Score
barAlways = ##t
}
}
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../92/lily-0f9ec382.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../92/lily-0f9ec382.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="ancient-notation-template----modern-transcription-of-mensural-music.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Ancient notation template – modern transcription of mensural music</h3>
<p>When transcribing mensural music, an incipit at the beginning of the
piece is useful to indicate the original key and tempo. While today
musicians are used to bar lines in order to faster recognize rhythmic
patterns, bar lines were not yet invented during the period of mensural
music; in fact, the meter often changed after every few notes. As a
compromise, bar lines are often printed between the staves rather than
on the staves.
<pre class="verbatim">
global = {
\set Score.skipBars = ##t
% incipit
\once \override Score.SystemStartBracket #'transparent = ##t
\override Score.SpacingSpanner #'spacing-increment = #1.0 % tight spacing
\key f \major
\time 2/2
\once \override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\override Voice.NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
\override Voice.Rest #'style = #'neomensural
\set Staff.printKeyCancellation = ##f
\cadenzaOn % turn off bar lines
\skip 1*10
\once \override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##f
\bar "||"
\skip 1*1 % need this extra \skip such that clef change comes
% after bar line
\bar ""
% main
\revert Score.SpacingSpanner #'spacing-increment % CHECK: no effect?
\cadenzaOff % turn bar lines on again
\once \override Staff.Clef #'full-size-change = ##t
\set Staff.forceClef = ##t
\key g \major
\time 4/4
\override Voice.NoteHead #'style = #'default
\override Voice.Rest #'style = #'default
% FIXME: setting printKeyCancellation back to #t must not
% occur in the first bar after the incipit. Dto. for forceClef.
% Therefore, we need an extra \skip.
\skip 1*1
\set Staff.printKeyCancellation = ##t
\set Staff.forceClef = ##f
\skip 1*7 % the actual music
% let finis bar go through all staves
\override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##f
% finis bar
\bar "|."
}
discantusNotes = {
\transpose c' c'' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Discantus "
% incipit
\clef "neomensural-c1"
c'1. s2 % two bars
\skip 1*8 % eight bars
\skip 1*1 % one bar
% main
\clef "treble"
d'2. d'4 |
b e' d'2 |
c'4 e'4.( d'8 c' b |
a4) b a2 |
b4.( c'8 d'4) c'4 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t c'1 |
b\breve |
}
}
discantusLyrics = \lyricmode {
% incipit
IV-
% main
Ju -- bi -- |
la -- te De -- |
o, om --
nis ter -- |
ra, __ om- |
"..." |
-us. |
}
altusNotes = {
\transpose c' c'' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Altus "
% incipit
\clef "neomensural-c3"
r1 % one bar
f1. s2 % two bars
\skip 1*7 % seven bars
\skip 1*1 % one bar
% main
\clef "treble"
r2 g2. e4 fis g | % two bars
a2 g4 e |
fis g4.( fis16 e fis4) |
g1 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t g1 |
g\breve |
}
}
altusLyrics = \lyricmode {
% incipit
IV-
% main
Ju -- bi -- la -- te | % two bars
De -- o, om -- |
nis ter -- ra, |
"..." |
-us. |
}
tenorNotes = {
\transpose c' c' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Tenor "
% incipit
\clef "neomensural-c4"
r\longa % four bars
r\breve % two bars
r1 % one bar
c'1. s2 % two bars
\skip 1*1 % one bar
\skip 1*1 % one bar
% main
\clef "treble_8"
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
r2 d'2. d'4 b e' | % two bars
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t e'1 |
d'\breve |
}
}
tenorLyrics = \lyricmode {
% incipit
IV-
% main
Ju -- bi -- la -- te | % two bars
"..." |
-us. |
}
bassusNotes = {
\transpose c' c' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Bassus "
% incipit
\clef "bass"
r\maxima % eight bars
f1. s2 % two bars
\skip 1*1 % one bar
% main
\clef "bass"
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
R1 |
g2. e4 |
\once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t e1 |
g\breve |
}
}
bassusLyrics = \lyricmode {
% incipit
IV-
% main
Ju -- bi- |
"..." |
-us. |
}
\score {
\new StaffGroup = choirStaff <<
\new Voice =
"discantusNotes" << \global \discantusNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"discantusLyrics" \lyricsto discantusNotes { \discantusLyrics }
\new Voice =
"altusNotes" << \global \altusNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"altusLyrics" \lyricsto altusNotes { \altusLyrics }
\new Voice =
"tenorNotes" << \global \tenorNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"tenorLyrics" \lyricsto tenorNotes { \tenorLyrics }
\new Voice =
"bassusNotes" << \global \bassusNotes >>
\new Lyrics =
"bassusLyrics" \lyricsto bassusNotes { \bassusLyrics }
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
% no bars in staves
\override BarLine #'transparent = ##t
% incipit should not start with a start delimiter
\remove "System_start_delimiter_engraver"
}
\context {
\Voice
% no slurs
\override Slur #'transparent = ##t
% Comment in the below "\remove" command to allow line
% breaking also at those barlines where a note overlaps
% into the next bar. The command is commented out in this
% short example score, but especially for large scores, you
% will typically yield better line breaking and thus improve
% overall spacing if you comment in the following command.
%\remove "Forbid_line_break_engraver"
}
}
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../a9/lily-f99b5fb1.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../a9/lily-f99b5fb1.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="jazz-combo-template.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Jazz combo template</h3>
<p>This is quite an advanced template, for a jazz ensemble. Note that all
instruments are notated in <code>\key c \major</code>. This refers to the
key in concert pitch; the key will be automatically transposed if the
music is within a <code>\transpose</code> section.
<pre class="verbatim">
\header {
title = "Song"
subtitle = "(tune)"
composer = "Me"
meter = "moderato"
piece = "Swing"
tagline = \markup {
\column {
"LilyPond example file by Amelie Zapf,"
"Berlin 07/07/2003"
}
}
}
%#(set-global-staff-size 16)
\include "english.ly"
%%%%%%%%%%%% Some macros %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
sl = {
\override NoteHead #'style = #'slash
\override Stem #'transparent = ##t
}
nsl = {
\revert NoteHead #'style
\revert Stem #'transparent
}
crOn = \override NoteHead #'style = #'cross
crOff = \revert NoteHead #'style
%% insert chord name style stuff here.
jazzChords = { }
%%%%%%%%%%%% Keys'n'thangs %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
global = { \time 4/4 }
Key = { \key c \major }
% ############ Horns ############
% ------ Trumpet ------
trpt = \transpose c d \relative c'' {
\Key
c1 | c | c |
}
trpHarmony = \transpose c' d {
\jazzChords
}
trumpet = {
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Trumpet"
\clef treble
<<
\trpt
>>
}
% ------ Alto Saxophone ------
alto = \transpose c a \relative c' {
\Key
c1 | c | c |
}
altoHarmony = \transpose c' a {
\jazzChords
}
altoSax = {
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Alto Sax"
\clef treble
<<
\alto
>>
}
% ------ Baritone Saxophone ------
bari = \transpose c a' \relative c {
\Key
c1
c1
\sl
d4^"Solo" d d d
\nsl
}
bariHarmony = \transpose c' a \chordmode {
\jazzChords s1 s d2:maj e:m7
}
bariSax = {
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Bari Sax"
\clef treble
<<
\bari
>>
}
% ------ Trombone ------
tbone = \relative c {
\Key
c1 | c | c
}
tboneHarmony = \chordmode {
\jazzChords
}
trombone = {
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Trombone"
\clef bass
<<
\tbone
>>
}
% ############ Rhythm Section #############
% ------ Guitar ------
gtr = \relative c'' {
\Key
c1
\sl
b4 b b b
\nsl
c1
}
gtrHarmony = \chordmode {
\jazzChords
s1 c2:min7+ d2:maj9
}
guitar = {
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Guitar"
\clef treble
<<
\gtr
>>
}
%% ------ Piano ------
rhUpper = \relative c'' {
\voiceOne
\Key
c1 | c | c
}
rhLower = \relative c' {
\voiceTwo
\Key
e1 | e | e
}
lhUpper = \relative c' {
\voiceOne
\Key
g1 | g | g
}
lhLower = \relative c {
\voiceTwo
\Key
c1 | c | c
}
PianoRH = {
\clef treble
\global
\set Staff.midiInstrument = #"acoustic grand"
<<
\new Voice = "one" \rhUpper
\new Voice = "two" \rhLower
>>
}
PianoLH = {
\clef bass
\global
\set Staff.midiInstrument = "acoustic grand"
<<
\new Voice = "one" \lhUpper
\new Voice = "two" \lhLower
>>
}
piano = {
<<
\set PianoStaff.instrumentName = #"Piano"
\new Staff = "upper" \PianoRH
\new Staff = "lower" \PianoLH
>>
}
% ------ Bass Guitar ------
Bass = \relative c {
\Key
c1 | c | c
}
bass = {
\global
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Bass"
\clef bass
<<
\Bass
>>
}
% ------ Drums ------
up = \drummode {
\voiceOne
hh4 <hh sn> hh <hh sn>
hh4 <hh sn> hh <hh sn>
hh4 <hh sn> hh <hh sn>
}
down = \drummode {
\voiceTwo
bd4 s bd s
bd4 s bd s
bd4 s bd s
}
drumContents = {
\global
<<
\set DrumStaff.instrumentName = #"Drums"
\new DrumVoice \up
\new DrumVoice \down
>>
}
%%%%%%%%% It All Goes Together Here %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\score {
<<
\new StaffGroup = "horns" <<
\new Staff = "trumpet" \trumpet
\new Staff = "altosax" \altoSax
\new ChordNames = "barichords" \bariHarmony
\new Staff = "barisax" \bariSax
\new Staff = "trombone" \trombone
>>
\new StaffGroup = "rhythm" <<
\new ChordNames = "chords" \gtrHarmony
\new Staff = "guitar" \guitar
\new PianoStaff = "piano" \piano
\new Staff = "bass" \bass
\new DrumStaff \drumContents
>>
>>
\layout {
\context { \RemoveEmptyStaffContext }
\context {
\Score
\override BarNumber #'padding = #3
\override RehearsalMark #'padding = #2
skipBars = ##t
}
}
\midi { }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../ea/lily-36b7ad93.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../ea/lily-36b7ad93.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="piano-template-simple.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Piano template (simple)</h3>
<p>Here is a simple piano staff with some notes.
<pre class="verbatim">
upper = \relative c'' {
\clef treble
\key c \major
\time 4/4
a4 b c d
}
lower = \relative c {
\clef bass
\key c \major
\time 4/4
a2 c
}
\score {
\new PianoStaff <<
\set PianoStaff.instrumentName = #"Piano "
\new Staff = "upper" \upper
\new Staff = "lower" \lower
>>
\layout { }
\midi { }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../33/lily-72cc9456.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../33/lily-72cc9456.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="piano-template-with-centered-dynamics.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Piano template with centered dynamics</h3>
<p>Many piano scores have the dynamics centered between the two staves.
This requires a bit of tweaking to implement, but since the template is
right here, you don't have to do the tweaking yourself.
<pre class="verbatim">
upper = \relative c'' {
\clef treble
\key c \major
\time 4/4
a4 b c d
}
lower = \relative c {
\clef bass
\key c \major
\time 4/4
a2 c
}
dynamics = {
s2\fff\> s4 s\!\pp
}
pedal = {
s2\sustainOn s\sustainOff
}
\score {
\new PianoStaff <<
\new Staff = "upper" \upper
\new Dynamics = "dynamics" \dynamics
\new Staff = "lower" <<
\clef bass
\lower
>>
\new Dynamics = "pedal" \pedal
>>
\layout {
\context {
\type "Engraver_group"
\name Dynamics
% So that \cresc works, for example.
\alias Voice
\consists "Output_property_engraver"
\override VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-1 . 1)
\override DynamicLineSpanner #'Y-offset = #0
pedalSustainStrings = #'("Ped." "*Ped." "*")
pedalUnaCordaStrings = #'("una corda" "" "tre corde")
\consists "Piano_pedal_engraver"
\consists "Script_engraver"
\consists "Dynamic_engraver"
\consists "Text_engraver"
\override TextScript #'font-size = #2
\override TextScript #'font-shape = #'italic
\consists "Skip_event_swallow_translator"
\consists "Axis_group_engraver"
}
\context {
\PianoStaff
\accepts Dynamics
}
}
}
\score {
\new PianoStaff <<
\new Staff = "upper" << \upper \dynamics \pedal >>
\new Staff = "lower" << \lower \dynamics \pedal >>
>>
\midi { }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../81/lily-165c7953.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../81/lily-165c7953.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="piano-template-with-centered-lyrics.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Piano template with centered lyrics</h3>
<p>Instead of having a full staff for the melody and lyrics, lyrics can be
centered between the staves of a piano staff.
<pre class="verbatim">
upper = \relative c'' {
\clef treble
\key c \major
\time 4/4
a4 b c d
}
lower = \relative c {
\clef bass
\key c \major
\time 4/4
a2 c
}
text = \lyricmode {
Aaa Bee Cee Dee
}
\score {
\new GrandStaff <<
\new Staff = upper { \new Voice = "singer" \upper }
\new Lyrics \lyricsto "singer" \text
\new Staff = lower { \lower }
>>
\layout {
\context {
\GrandStaff
\accepts "Lyrics"
}
\context {
\Lyrics
\consists "Bar_engraver"
}
}
\midi { }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../37/lily-c18abd8d.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../37/lily-c18abd8d.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="piano-template-with-melody-and-lyrics.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Piano template with melody and lyrics</h3>
<p>Here is a typical song format: one staff with the melody and lyrics,
with piano accompaniment underneath.
<pre class="verbatim">
melody = \relative c'' {
\clef treble
\key c \major
\time 4/4
a b c d
}
text = \lyricmode {
Aaa Bee Cee Dee
}
upper = \relative c'' {
\clef treble
\key c \major
\time 4/4
a4 b c d
}
lower = \relative c {
\clef bass
\key c \major
\time 4/4
a2 c
}
\score {
<<
\new Voice = "mel" { \autoBeamOff \melody }
\new Lyrics \lyricsto mel \text
\new PianoStaff <<
\new Staff = "upper" \upper
\new Staff = "lower" \lower
>>
>>
\layout {
\context { \RemoveEmptyStaffContext }
}
\midi { }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../68/lily-e6876100.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../68/lily-e6876100.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="score-for-diatonic-accordion.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Score for diatonic accordion</h3>
<p>A template to write a score for a diatonic accordion.
<p>- There is a horizontal staff indicating if the accordion must be
pushed (thick line) or pulled (thin line)
<p>- There is a small rhythmic staff with lyrics that describes the bass
buttons to press. The bar lines are made from gridlines
<p>- The tabulator staff for diatonic accordions shows the geographic
position of the buttons and not (as for every other instrument) the
pitch of the notes; the keys on the melody-side of the accordion are
placed in three columns and about 12 rows
<p>In the tabulator staff notation the outermost column is described with
notes between lines, the innermost column is described with notes
between lines and a cross as accidental, and the middle column is
described with notes on a line, whereby the row in the middle is
represented on the middle line in the staff.
<p>Some words to transpose piano notes to the diatonic accordion:
<p>1. Every diatonic accordion is built for some keys only (for example,
for the keys of C major and F major), so it is important to transpose a
piano melody to match one of these keys. Transpose the source code, not
only the output because this code is required later on to translate it
once more to the tabulator staff. This can be done with the command
<code>displayLilyMusic</code>.
<p>2. You have to alternate the push- and pull-direction of the accordion
regularly. If the player has a too long part to pull the accordion gets
broken. On the other hand, some harmonies are only available in one
direction. Considering this, decide which parts of the melody are the
push-parts and which the pull-parts.
<p>3. For each pull- or push-part translate the piano notes to the
according tabulature representation.
<p>This snippet comes with a useful optional macro for the jEdit text
editor.
<pre class="verbatim">
verse = \lyricmode { Wie gross bist du! Wie gross bist du! }
harmonies = \new ChordNames \chordmode {
\germanChords
\set chordChanges = ##t
bes8 bes8 bes8
es2 f
bes1
}
NoStem = \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
NoNoteHead = \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t
ZeroBeam = \override Beam #'positions = #'(0 . 0)
staffTabLine = \new Staff \with {
\remove "Time_signature_engraver"
\remove "Clef_engraver"
} {
\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'line-positions = #'(0)
% Shows one horizontal line. The vertical line (simulating a bar-line) is simulated with a gridline
\set Staff.midiInstrument = #"choir aahs"
\key c \major
\relative c''
{
% disable the following line to see the the noteheads while writing the song
\NoNoteHead
\override NoteHead #'no-ledgers = ##t
% The beam between 8th-notes is used to draw the push-line
%How to fast write the push-lines:
% 1. write repeatedly 'c c c c c c c c |' for the whole length of the song
% 2. uncomment the line \NoNoteHead
% 3. compile
% 4. Mark the positions on which push/pull changes.
% In the score-picture click on the position the push- or pull-part starts
% (on the noteHead, the cursor will change to a hand-icon).
% The cursor in the source code will jump just at this position.
% a) If a push-part starts there, replace the 'c' by an 'e['
% b) If a pull-part starts there, replace the 'c' by an 's'
% 5. Switch into 'overwrite-mode' by pressing the 'ins' key.
% 6. For the pull-parts overwrite the 'c' with 's'
% 7. For every push-part replace the last 'c' with 'e]'
% 8. Switch into 'insert-mode' again
% 9. At last it should look lik e.g. (s s e[ c | c c c c c c c c | c c c c c c e] s s)
% 10. re-enable the line \NoNoteHead
\autoBeamOff
\ZeroBeam
s8 s s e[ c c c c c c e] | s s s s s
}
}
%{
%}
% Accordion melody in tabulator score
% 1. Place a copy of the piano melody below
% 2. Separate piano melody into pull- and push-parts according to the staffTabLine you've already made
% 3. For each line: Double the line. Remark the 1st one (Keeps unchanged as reference) and then change the second line using the transformation paper
% or the macros 'conv2diaton push.bsh' and 'conv2diaton pull.bsh'
% Tips:
% - In jEdit Search & Replace mark the Option 'Keep Dialog'
AccordionTabTwoCBesDur = {
% pull 1
%<f' bes'>8 <f' a'>8 <d' bes'>8 |
<g'' a''>8 <g'' b''>8 <e'' a''>8 |
% push 2
%<g' c''>4 <f' d''> <g' ees''> <f' a'> |
<g'' a''>4 <d'' eisis''> <g'' bisis''> <d'' f''> |
% pull 3
% <f' bes'>2 r8 }
<g'' a''>2 r8 }
AccordionTab= { \dynamicUp
% 1. Place a copy of the piano melody above
% 2. Separate piano melody into pull- and push-parts according to the staffTabLine you've already made
% 3. For each line: Double the line. Remark the 1st one (Keeps unchanged as reference) and then
% change the second line using the transformation paper
% Tips:
% - In jEdit Search & Replace mark the Option 'Keep Dialog'
% -
\AccordionTabTwoCBesDur
}
\layout {
\context {
\Staff
\consists "Grid_point_engraver"
gridInterval = #(ly:make-moment 4 4) % 4/4 - tact. How many beats per bar
% The following line has to be adjusted O-F-T-E-N.
\override GridPoint #'Y-extent = #'(-2 . -21)
}
\context {
\ChoirStaff
\remove "System_start_delimiter_engraver"
}
}
staffVoice = \new Staff=astaffvoice {
\time 4/4
\set Staff.instrumentName="Voice"
\set Staff.midiInstrument="voice oohs"
\key bes \major
\partial 8*3
\clef treble
{
\context Voice = "melodyVoi"
{ <f' bes'>8 <f' a'>8 <d' bes'>8 | <g' c''>4 <f' d''> <g' es''> <f' a'> | <f' bes'>2 r8 }
\bar "|."
}
}
staffAccordionMel = \new Staff \with { \remove "Clef_engraver" } {
#(set-accidental-style 'forget) %Set the accidentals (Vorzeichen) for each note,
%do not remember them for the rest of the measure.
\time 4/4
\set Staff.instrumentName="Accordion"
\set Staff.midiInstrument="voice oohs"
\key c \major
\clef treble
{ \AccordionTab \bar "|." }
}
AltOn = #(define-music-function (parser location mag) (number?)
#{ \override Stem #'length = #$(* 7.0 mag)
\override NoteHead #'font-size =
#$(inexact->exact (* (/ 6.0 (log 2.0)) (log mag))) #})
AltOff = {
\revert Stem #'length
\revert NoteHead #'font-size
}
BassRhytm = {s4 s8 | c2 c2 | c2 s8 }
LyricBassRhythmI= \lyricmode { c b | c }
staffBassRhytm = \new Staff=staffbass \with { \remove "Clef_engraver" } {
% This is not a RhythmicStaff because it must be possible to append lyrics.
\override Score.GridLine #'extra-offset = #'( 13.0 . 0.0 ) % x.y
\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'line-positions = #'( 0 )
% Shows one horizontal line. The vertical line (simulating a bar-line) is simulated by a grid
% Search for 'grid' in this page to find all related functions
\time 4/4
{
\context Voice = "VoiceBassRhytm"
\stemDown \AltOn #0.6
\relative c''
{
\BassRhytm
}
\AltOff
\bar "|."
}
}
\new Score
\with {
\consists "Grid_line_span_engraver" %The vertical line (simulating a bar-line) in the staffBassRhytm is a gridline
}
\new ChoirStaff
<<
\harmonies
\staffVoice
\context Lyrics = "lmelodyVoi" \with {alignBelowContext=astaffvoice} { \lyricsto "melodyVoi" \verse }
\staffAccordionMel
\staffTabLine
\staffBassRhytm
\context Lyrics = "lBassRhytmAboveI" \with {alignAboveContext=staffbass} \lyricsto VoiceBassRhytm \LyricBassRhythmI
>>
%}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../4b/lily-02698a8a.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../4b/lily-02698a8a.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="single-staff-template-with-notes,-lyrics,-and-chords.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, and chords</h3>
<p>This template allows the preparation of a song with melody, words, and
chords.
<pre class="verbatim">
melody = \relative c' {
\clef treble
\key c \major
\time 4/4
a4 b c d
}
text = \lyricmode {
Aaa Bee Cee Dee
}
harmonies = \chordmode {
a2 c
}
\score {
<<
\new ChordNames {
\set chordChanges = ##t
\harmonies
}
\new Voice = "one" { \autoBeamOff \melody }
\new Lyrics \lyricsto "one" \text
>>
\layout { }
\midi { }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../2c/lily-39f4b2ad.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../2c/lily-39f4b2ad.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="single-staff-template-with-notes,-lyrics,-chords-and-frets.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Single staff template with notes, lyrics, chords and frets</h3>
<p>Here is a simple lead sheet template with melody, lyrics, chords and
fret diagrams.
<pre class="verbatim">
% Define the fret diagrams to be used
cFretDiagram = \markup {
\fret-diagram #"6-x;5-3-3;4-2-2;3-o;2-1-1;1-o;"
}
gFretDiagram = \markup {
\fret-diagram #"6-3-2;5-2-1;4-o;3-o;2-o;1-3-3;"
}
verseI = \lyricmode {
\set stanza = #"1."
This is the first verse
}
verseII = \lyricmode {
\set stanza = #"2."
This is the second verse.
}
theChords = \new ChordNames {
\chordmode {
% insert the chords for chordnames here
c2 g4 c
}
}
staffMelody = \new Staff {
\context Voice = "voiceMelody" {
\key c \major
\clef treble
\relative c' {
% Type notes and fret diagram markups here
c4^\cFretDiagram d8 e f4^\gFretDiagram g^\cFretDiagram
\bar "|."
}
}
}
\score {
<<
\theChords
\staffMelody
\new Lyrics = "lyricsI" \lyricmode {
\lyricsto "voiceMelody" \verseI
}
\new Lyrics = "lyricsII" \lyricmode {
\lyricsto "voiceMelody" \verseII
}
>>
\layout { }
\midi { }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../65/lily-041c2551.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../65/lily-041c2551.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="single-staff-template-with-notes-and-chords.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Single staff template with notes and chords</h3>
<p>Want to prepare a lead sheet with a melody and chords? Look no further!
<pre class="verbatim">
melody = \relative c' {
\clef treble
\key c \major
\time 4/4
f4 e8[ c] d4 g
a2 ~ a
}
harmonies = \chordmode {
c4:m f:min7 g:maj c:aug
d2:dim b:sus
}
\score {
<<
\new ChordNames {
\set chordChanges = ##t
\harmonies
}
\new Staff \melody
>>
\layout{ }
\midi { }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../dd/lily-c67e885a.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../dd/lily-c67e885a.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="single-staff-template-with-notes-and-lyrics.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Single staff template with notes and lyrics</h3>
<p>This small template demonstrates a simple melody with lyrics. Cut and
paste, add notes, then words for the lyrics. This example turns off
automatic beaming, which is common for vocal parts. To use automatic
beaming, change or comment out the relevant line.
<pre class="verbatim">
melody = \relative c' {
\clef treble
\key c \major
\time 4/4
a4 b c d
}
text = \lyricmode {
Aaa Bee Cee Dee
}
\score{
<<
\new Voice = "one" {
\autoBeamOff
\melody
}
\new Lyrics \lyricsto "one" \text
>>
\layout { }
\midi { }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../31/lily-35228590.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../31/lily-35228590.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="single-staff-template-with-only-notes.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Single staff template with only notes</h3>
<p>This very simple template gives you a staff with notes, suitable for a
solo instrument or a melodic fragment. Cut and paste this into a file,
add notes, and you're finished!
<pre class="verbatim">
melody = \relative c' {
\clef treble
\key c \major
\time 4/4
a4 b c d
}
\score {
\new Staff \melody
\layout { }
\midi { }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../cc/lily-b158a613.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../cc/lily-b158a613.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="string-quartet-template-simple.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">String quartet template (simple)</h3>
<p>This template demonstrates a simple string quartet. It also uses a
<code>\global</code> section for time and key signatures
<pre class="verbatim">
global= {
\time 4/4
\key c \major
}
violinOne = \new Voice \relative c'' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Violin 1 "
c2 d
e1
\bar "|."
}
violinTwo = \new Voice \relative c'' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Violin 2 "
g2 f
e1
\bar "|."
}
viola = \new Voice \relative c' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Viola "
\clef alto
e2 d
c1
\bar "|."
}
cello = \new Voice \relative c' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Cello "
\clef bass
c2 b
a1
\bar "|."
}
\score {
\new StaffGroup <<
\new Staff << \global \violinOne >>
\new Staff << \global \violinTwo >>
\new Staff << \global \viola >>
\new Staff << \global \cello >>
>>
\layout { }
\midi { }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../c0/lily-052deeba.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../c0/lily-052deeba.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="string-quartet-template-with-separate-parts.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">String quartet template with separate parts</h3>
<p>The "String quartet template" snippet produces a nice string quartet,
but what if you needed to print parts? This new template demonstrates
how to use the <code>\tag</code> feature to easily split a piece into
individual parts.
<p>You need to split this template into separate files; the filenames are
contained in comments at the beginning of each file. <code>piece.ly</code>
contains all the music definitions. The other files – <code>score.ly</code>,
<code>vn1.ly</code>, <code>vn2.ly</code>, <code>vla.ly</code>, and <code>vlc.ly</code> –
produce the appropriate part.
<p>Do not forget to remove specified comments when using separate files!
<pre class="verbatim">
%%%%% piece.ly
%%%%% (This is the global definitions file)
global= {
\time 4/4
\key c \major
}
Violinone = \new Voice { \relative c''{
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Violin 1 "
c2 d e1
\bar "|." }} %*********************************
Violintwo = \new Voice { \relative c''{
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Violin 2 "
g2 f e1
\bar "|." }} %*********************************
Viola = \new Voice { \relative c' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Viola "
\clef alto
e2 d c1
\bar "|." }} %*********************************
Cello = \new Voice { \relative c' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = #"Cello "
\clef bass
c2 b a1
\bar "|."}} %**********************************
music = {
<<
\tag #'score \tag #'vn1 \new Staff { << \global \Violinone >> }
\tag #'score \tag #'vn2 \new Staff { << \global \Violintwo>> }
\tag #'score \tag #'vla \new Staff { << \global \Viola>> }
\tag #'score \tag #'vlc \new Staff { << \global \Cello>> }
>>
}
%%% These are the other files you need to save on your computer
%%%%% score.ly
%%%%% (This is the main file)
%\include "piece.ly" %%% uncomment this line when using a separate file
#(set-global-staff-size 14)
\score {
\new StaffGroup \keepWithTag #'score \music
\layout { }
\midi { }
}
%{ Uncomment this block when using separate files
%%%%% vn1.ly
%%%%% (This is the Violin 1 part file)
\include "piece.ly"
\score {
\keepWithTag #'vn1 \music
\layout { }
}
%%%%% vn2.ly
%%%%% (This is the Violin 2 part file)
\include "piece.ly"
\score {
\keepWithTag #'vn2 \music
\layout { }
}
%%%%% vla.ly
%%%%% (This is the Viola part file)
\include "piece.ly"
\score {
\keepWithTag #'vla \music
\layout { }
}
%%%%% vlc.ly
%%%%% (This is the Cello part file)
\include "piece.ly"
\score {
\keepWithTag #'vlc \music
\layout { }
}
%}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../8c/lily-5f210b23.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../8c/lily-5f210b23.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="vocal-ensemble-template-with-automatic-piano-reduction.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Vocal ensemble template with automatic piano reduction</h3>
<p>This template adds an automatic piano reduction to the standard SATB
vocal score demonstrated in "Vocal ensemble template". This
demonstrates one of the strengths of LilyPond – you can use a music
definition more than once. If any changes are made to the vocal notes
(say, <code>tenorMusic</code>), then the changes will also apply to the piano
reduction.
<pre class="verbatim">
global = {
\key c \major
\time 4/4
}
sopMusic = \relative c'' {
c4 c c8[( b)] c4
}
sopWords = \lyricmode {
hi hi hi hi
}
altoMusic = \relative c' {
e4 f d e
}
altoWords =\lyricmode {
ha ha ha ha
}
tenorMusic = \relative c' {
g4 a f g
}
tenorWords = \lyricmode {
hu hu hu hu
}
bassMusic = \relative c {
c4 c g c
}
bassWords = \lyricmode {
ho ho ho ho
}
\score {
<<
\new ChoirStaff <<
\new Lyrics = sopranos { s1 }
\new Staff = women <<
\new Voice = sopranos { \voiceOne << \global \sopMusic >> }
\new Voice = altos { \voiceTwo << \global \altoMusic >> }
>>
\new Lyrics = altos { s1 }
\new Lyrics = tenors { s1 }
\new Staff = men <<
\clef bass
\new Voice = tenors { \voiceOne <<\global \tenorMusic >> }
\new Voice = basses { \voiceTwo <<\global \bassMusic >> }
>>
\new Lyrics = basses { s1 }
\context Lyrics = sopranos \lyricsto sopranos \sopWords
\context Lyrics = altos \lyricsto altos \altoWords
\context Lyrics = tenors \lyricsto tenors \tenorWords
\context Lyrics = basses \lyricsto basses \bassWords
>>
\new PianoStaff <<
\new Staff <<
\set Staff.printPartCombineTexts = ##f
\partcombine
<< \global \sopMusic >>
<< \global \altoMusic >>
>>
\new Staff <<
\clef bass
\set Staff.printPartCombineTexts = ##f
\partcombine
<< \global \tenorMusic >>
<< \global \bassMusic >>
>>
>>
>>
\layout {
\context {
% a little smaller so lyrics
% can be closer to the staff
\Staff
\override VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-3 . 3)
}
}
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../99/lily-1164d362.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../99/lily-1164d362.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Vocal ensemble template with lyrics aligned below and above the staves</h3>
<p>This template is basically the same as the simple "Vocal ensemble"
template, with the exception that here all the lyrics lines are placed
using <code>alignAboveContext</code> and <code>alignBelowContext</code>.
<pre class="verbatim">
global = {
\key c \major
\time 4/4
}
sopMusic = \relative c'' {
c4 c c8[( b)] c4
}
sopWords = \lyricmode {
hi hi hi hi
}
altoMusic = \relative c' {
e4 f d e
}
altoWords = \lyricmode {
ha ha ha ha
}
tenorMusic = \relative c' {
g4 a f g
}
tenorWords = \lyricmode {
hu hu hu hu
}
bassMusic = \relative c {
c4 c g c
}
bassWords = \lyricmode {
ho ho ho ho
}
\score {
\new ChoirStaff <<
\new Staff = women <<
\new Voice = "sopranos" { \voiceOne << \global \sopMusic >> }
\new Voice = "altos" { \voiceTwo << \global \altoMusic >> }
>>
\new Lyrics \with { alignAboveContext = women } \lyricsto sopranos \sopWords
\new Lyrics \with { alignBelowContext = women } \lyricsto altos \altoWords
% we could remove the line about this with the line below, since we want
% the alto lyrics to be below the alto Voice anyway.
% \new Lyrics \lyricsto altos \altoWords
\new Staff = men <<
\clef bass
\new Voice = "tenors" { \voiceOne << \global \tenorMusic >> }
\new Voice = "basses" { \voiceTwo << \global \bassMusic >> }
>>
\new Lyrics \with { alignAboveContext = men } \lyricsto tenors \tenorWords
\new Lyrics \with { alignBelowContext = men } \lyricsto basses \bassWords
% again, we could replace the line above this with the line below.
% \new Lyrics \lyricsto basses \bassWords
>>
\layout {
\context {
% a little smaller so lyrics
% can be closer to the staff
\Staff
\override VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-3 . 3)
}
}
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../f3/lily-a11d4879.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../f3/lily-a11d4879.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><a name="vocal-ensemble-template.ly"></a>
<h3 class="unnumberedsec">Vocal ensemble template</h3>
<p>Here is a standard four-part SATB vocal score. With larger ensembles,
it is often useful to include a section which is included in all parts.
For example, the time signature and key signature are almost always the
same for all parts. Like in the "Hymn" template, the four voices are
regrouped on only two staves.
<pre class="verbatim">
global = {
\key c \major
\time 4/4
}
sopMusic = \relative c'' {
c4 c c8[( b)] c4
}
sopWords = \lyricmode {
hi hi hi hi
}
altoMusic = \relative c' {
e4 f d e
}
altoWords = \lyricmode {
ha ha ha ha
}
tenorMusic = \relative c' {
g4 a f g
}
tenorWords = \lyricmode {
hu hu hu hu
}
bassMusic = \relative c {
c4 c g c
}
bassWords = \lyricmode {
ho ho ho ho
}
\score {
\new ChoirStaff <<
\new Lyrics = sopranos { s1 }
\new Staff = women <<
\new Voice = "sopranos" {
\voiceOne
<< \global \sopMusic >>
}
\new Voice = "altos" {
\voiceTwo
<< \global \altoMusic >>
}
>>
\new Lyrics = "altos" { s1 }
\new Lyrics = "tenors" { s1 }
\new Staff = men <<
\clef bass
\new Voice = "tenors" {
\voiceOne
<< \global \tenorMusic >>
}
\new Voice = "basses" {
\voiceTwo << \global \bassMusic >>
}
>>
\new Lyrics = basses { s1 }
\context Lyrics = sopranos \lyricsto sopranos \sopWords
\context Lyrics = altos \lyricsto altos \altoWords
\context Lyrics = tenors \lyricsto tenors \tenorWords
\context Lyrics = basses \lyricsto basses \bassWords
>>
\layout {
\context {
% a little smaller so lyrics
% can be closer to the staff
\Staff
\override VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-3 . 3)
}
}
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../b2/lily-b266ca1f.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../b2/lily-b266ca1f.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
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