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<p>
<a name="Ancient-notation-templates"></a>
n&auml;chstes:&nbsp;<a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Jazz-combo.de.html#Jazz-combo">Jazz-Combo</a>,
voriges:&nbsp;<a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Vocal-ensembles.de.html#Vocal-ensembles">Vokalensemble</a>,
aufw&auml;rts:&nbsp;<a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Templates.de.html#Templates">Vorlagen</a>
<hr>
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<h3 class="appendixsec">A.5 Vorlagen für alte Notation</h3>

<h4 class="appendixsubsec">A.5.1 Transkription mensuraler Musik</h4>

<p>Bei der Transkription von Mensuralmusik ist es oft erwünscht, ein
Incipit an den Anfang des Stückes zu stellen, damit klar ist, wie
Tempo und Schlüssel in der Originalnotation gesetzt waren. Während
heutzutage Musiker an Taktlinien gewöhnt sind, um Rhythmen schneller
zu erkennen, wurden diese in der Mensuralmusik nicht verwendet. 
Tatsächlich ändern sich die Rhythmen auch oft alle paar Noten. Als
ein Kompromiss werden die Notenlinien nicht auf dem System, sondern
zwischen den Systemen geschrieben.

<pre class="verbatim">
\version "2.11.51"

global = {
  \set Score.skipBars = ##t

  % incipit
  \once \override Score.SystemStartBracket #'transparent = ##t
  \override Score.SpacingSpanner #'spacing-increment = #1.0 % tight spacing
  \key f \major
  \time 2/2
  \once \override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
  \override Voice.NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
  \override Voice.Rest #'style = #'neomensural
  \set Staff.printKeyCancellation = ##f
  \cadenzaOn % turn off bar lines
  \skip 1*10
  \once \override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##f
  \bar "||"
  \skip 1*1 % need this extra \skip such that clef change comes
            % after bar line
  \bar ""

  % main
  \revert Score.SpacingSpanner #'spacing-increment % CHECK: no effect?
  \cadenzaOff % turn bar lines on again
  \once \override Staff.Clef #'full-size-change = ##t
  \set Staff.forceClef = ##t
  \key g \major
  \time 4/4
  \override Voice.NoteHead #'style = #'default
  \override Voice.Rest #'style = #'default

  % FIXME: setting printKeyCancellation back to #t must not
  % occur in the first bar after the incipit.  Dto. for forceClef.
  % Therefore, we need an extra \skip.
  \skip 1*1
  \set Staff.printKeyCancellation = ##t
  \set Staff.forceClef = ##f

  \skip 1*7 % the actual music

  % let finis bar go through all staves
  \override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##f

  % finis bar
  \bar "|."
}

discantusNotes = {
  \transpose c' c'' {
    \set Staff.instrumentName = "Discantus  "

    % incipit
    \clef "neomensural-c1"
    c'1. s2   % two bars
    \skip 1*8 % eight bars
    \skip 1*1 % one bar

    % main
    \clef "treble"
    d'2. d'4 |
    b e' d'2 |
    c'4 e'4.( d'8 c' b |
    a4) b a2 |
    b4.( c'8 d'4) c'4 |
    \once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t c'1 |
    b\breve |
  }
}

discantusLyrics = \lyricmode {
  % incipit
  IV-

  % main
  Ju -- bi -- |
  la -- te De -- |
  o, om --
  nis ter -- |
  ra, __ om- |
  "..." |
  -us. |
}

altusNotes = {
  \transpose c' c'' {
    \set Staff.instrumentName = "Altus  "

    % incipit
    \clef "neomensural-c3"
    r1        % one bar
    f1. s2    % two bars
    \skip 1*7 % seven bars
    \skip 1*1 % one bar

    % main
    \clef "treble"
    r2 g2. e4 fis g | % two bars
    a2 g4 e |
    fis g4.( fis16 e fis4) |
    g1 |
    \once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t g1 |
    g\breve |
  }
}

altusLyrics = \lyricmode {
  % incipit
  IV-

  % main
  Ju -- bi -- la -- te | % two bars
  De -- o, om -- |
  nis ter -- ra, |
  "..." |
  -us. |
}

tenorNotes = {
  \transpose c' c' {
    \set Staff.instrumentName = "Tenor  "

    % incipit
    \clef "neomensural-c4"
    r\longa   % four bars
    r\breve   % two bars
    r1        % one bar
    c'1. s2   % two bars
    \skip 1*1 % one bar
    \skip 1*1 % one bar

    % main
    \clef "treble_8"
    R1 |
    R1 |
    R1 |
    r2 d'2. d'4 b e' | % two bars
    \once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t e'1 |
    d'\breve |
  }
}

tenorLyrics = \lyricmode {
  % incipit
  IV-

  % main
  Ju -- bi -- la -- te | % two bars
  "..." |
  -us. |
}

bassusNotes = {
  \transpose c' c' {
    \set Staff.instrumentName = "Bassus  "

    % incipit
    \clef "bass"
    r\maxima  % eight bars
    f1. s2    % two bars
    \skip 1*1 % one bar

    % main
    \clef "bass"
    R1 |
    R1 |
    R1 |
    R1 |
    g2. e4 |
    \once \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t e1 |
    g\breve |
  }
}

bassusLyrics = \lyricmode {
  % incipit
  IV-

  % main
  Ju -- bi- |
  "..." |
  -us. |
}

\score {
  \new StaffGroup = choirStaff &lt;&lt;
    \new Voice =
      "discantusNotes" &lt;&lt; \global \discantusNotes >>
    \new Lyrics =
      "discantusLyrics" \lyricsto discantusNotes { \discantusLyrics }
    \new Voice =
      "altusNotes" &lt;&lt; \global \altusNotes >>
    \new Lyrics =
      "altusLyrics" \lyricsto altusNotes { \altusLyrics }
    \new Voice =
      "tenorNotes" &lt;&lt; \global \tenorNotes >>
    \new Lyrics =
      "tenorLyrics" \lyricsto tenorNotes { \tenorLyrics }
    \new Voice =
      "bassusNotes" &lt;&lt; \global \bassusNotes >>
    \new Lyrics =
      "bassusLyrics" \lyricsto bassusNotes { \bassusLyrics }
  >>
  \layout {
    \context {
      \Score

      % no bars in staves
      \override BarLine #'transparent = ##t

      % incipit should not start with a start delimiter
      \remove "System_start_delimiter_engraver"
    }
    \context {
      \Voice

      % no slurs
      \override Slur #'transparent = ##t

      % Comment in the below "\remove" command to allow line
      % breaking also at those barlines where a note overlaps
      % into the next bar.  The command is commented out in this
      % short example score, but especially for large scores, you
      % will typically yield better line breaking and thus improve
      % overall spacing if you comment in the following command.
      %\remove "Forbid_line_break_engraver"
    }
  }
}
</pre>
<p>
 <a href="../2d/lily-62ff07d6.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../2d/lily-62ff07d6.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a>
</p>

<h4 class="appendixsubsec">A.5.2 Vorlage zur Transkription von Gregorianik</h4>

<p>Dieses Beispiel zeigt eine moderne Transkription des Gregorianischen
Chorals. Hier gibt es keine Takte, keine Notenhälse und es werden nur
halbe und Viertelnoten verwendet. Zusätzliche Zeichen zeigen die
Länge von Pausen an.

   <blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">     
     \include "gregorian-init.ly"
     \version "2.11.51"
     
     chant = \relative c' {
       \set Score.timing = ##f
       f4 a2 \divisioMinima
       g4 b a2 f2 \divisioMaior
       g4( f) f( g) a2 \finalis
     }
     
     verba = \lyricmode {
       Lo -- rem ip -- sum do -- lor sit a -- met
     }
     
     \score {
       \new Staff &lt;&lt;
         \new Voice = "melody" {
           \chant
         }
         \new Lyrics = "one" \lyricsto melody \verba
       >>
     
       \layout {
         \context {
           \Staff
           \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
           \remove "Bar_engraver"
           \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
         }
         \context {
           \Voice
           \override Stem #'length = #0
         }
         \context {
           \Score
           barAlways = ##t
         }
       }
     }
</pre>
     <p>
 <a href="../9b/lily-e9fd995b.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../9b/lily-e9fd995b.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a>
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   </blockquote>

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