<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <!-- header_tag --> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>Articulation and dynamics - GNU LilyPond Learning Manual</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <meta name="description" content="GNU LilyPond Learning Manual"> <meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.11"> <link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top"> <link rel="up" href="Single-staff-notation.html#Single-staff-notation" title="Single staff notation"> <link rel="prev" href="Ties-and-slurs.html#Ties-and-slurs" title="Ties and slurs"> <link rel="next" href="Adding-text.html#Adding-text" title="Adding text"> <link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> <!-- Copyright (C) 1999--2007 by the authors Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections. 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You can also use multiple articulations on the same note. However, in most cases it is best to let LilyPond determine the articulation directions. <blockquote> <pre class="verbatim"> c_-^1 d^. f^4_2-> e^-_+ </pre> <p> <a href="../97/lily-d3d67c56.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../97/lily-d3d67c56.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a> </p> </blockquote> <h4 class="subheading">Dynamics</h4> <p>Music Glossary: <a name="index-dynamics-111"></a><a href="../music-glossary/dynamics.html#dynamics">dynamics</a>, <a name="index-crescendo-112"></a><a href="../music-glossary/crescendo.html#crescendo">crescendo</a>, <a name="index-decrescendo-113"></a><a href="../music-glossary/decrescendo.html#decrescendo">decrescendo</a>. <p><var>Dynamic</var> signs are made by adding the markings (with a backslash) to the note: <blockquote> <pre class="verbatim"> c\ff c\mf c\p c\pp </pre> <p> <a href="../a7/lily-3a1ffc47.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../a7/lily-3a1ffc47.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a> </p> </blockquote> <p><a name="index-dynamics-114"></a><a name="index-decrescendo-115"></a><a name="index-crescendo-116"></a> <var>Crescendi</var> and <var>decrescendi</var> are started with the commands <code>\<</code> and <code>\></code>. The next dynamics sign, for example <code>\f</code>, will end the (de)crescendo, or the command <code>\!</code> can be used: <blockquote> <pre class="verbatim"> c2\< c2\ff\> c2 c2\! </pre> <p> <a href="../4a/lily-60a93c3a.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../4a/lily-60a93c3a.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a> </p> </blockquote> <p class="noindent"> <h5 class="subsubheading">See also</h5> <p class="indent"> <p>Notation Reference: <a name="index-Articulations-and-ornamentations-117"></a><a href="../lilypond/Articulations-and-ornamentations.html#Articulations-and-ornamentations">Articulations and ornamentations</a>, <a name="index-Fingering-instructions-118"></a><a href="../lilypond/Fingering-instructions.html#Fingering-instructions">Fingering instructions</a>, <a name="index-Dynamics-119"></a><a href="../lilypond/Dynamics.html#Dynamics">Dynamics</a>. <!-- footer_tag --><br><hr> <div class="node"> <p> Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Adding-text.html#Adding-text">Adding text</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Ties-and-slurs.html#Ties-and-slurs">Ties and slurs</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Single-staff-notation.html#Single-staff-notation">Single staff notation</a> </div> <div style="background-color: #e8ffe8; padding: 2; border: #c0ffc0 1px solid;"> <p> <font size="-1"> This page is for LilyPond-2.11.57 (development-branch). <br> <address> Report errors to <a href="http://post.gmane.org/post.php?group=gmane.comp.gnu.lilypond.bugs">http://post.gmane.org/post.php?group=gmane.comp.gnu.lilypond.bugs</a>. </address> <br> Your <a href="http://lilypond.org/web/devel/participating/documentation-adding">suggestions for the documentation</a> are welcome. </font> </p> </div> <P> Other languages: <a href="Articulation-and-dynamics.fr.html">français</a>, <a href="Articulation-and-dynamics.es.html">español</a>, <a href="Articulation-and-dynamics.de.html">deutsch</a>. <BR> </P> </BODY></html>