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<a name="Engravers-explained"></a>
Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Modifying-context-properties.de.html#Modifying-context-properties">Modifying context properties</a>,
Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Creating-contexts.de.html#Creating-contexts">Creating contexts</a>,
Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Contexts-and-engravers.de.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Contexts and engravers</a>
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<h4 class="subsection">3.3.3 Engravers explained</h4>
<p><a name="index-engravers-294"></a>
Every mark on the printed output of a score produced by LilyPond
is produced by an <code>Engraver</code>. Thus there is an engraver
to print staves, one to print note heads, one for stems, one for
beams, etc, etc. In total there are over 120 such engravers!
Fortunately, for most scores it is not necessary to know about
more than a few, and for simple scores you do not need to know
about any.
<p>Engravers live and operate in Contexts.
Engravers such as the <code>Metronome_mark_engraver</code>, whose
action and output apply to the score as a whole, operate in
the highest level context – the <code>Score</code> context.
<p>The <code>Clef_engraver</code> and <code>Key_engraver</code> are to be
found in every <code>Staff</code> Context, as different staves may require
different clefs and keys.
<p>The <code>Note_heads_engraver</code> and <code>Stem_engraver</code> live
in every <code>Voice</code> context, the lowest level context of all.
<p>Each engraver processes the particular objects associated
with its function, and maintains the properties that relate
to that function. These properties, like the properties
associated with contexts, may be modified to change the
operation of the engraver or the appearance of those elements
in the printed score.
<p>Engravers all have compound names formed from words which
describe their function. Just the first word is capitalized,
and the remainder are joined to it with underscores. Thus
the <code>Staff_symbol_engraver</code> is responsible for creating the
lines of the staff, the <code>Clef_engraver</code> determines and sets
the pitch reference point on the staff by drawing a clef symbol.
<p>Here are some of the most common engravers together with their
function. You will see it is usually easy to guess the function
from the name, or vice versa.
<p><table summary=""><tr align="left"><th valign="top" width="30%">Engraver
</th><th valign="top" width="70%">Function
<br></th></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">Accidental_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Makes accidentals, cautionary and suggested accidentals
<br></td></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">Beam_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Engraves beams
<br></td></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">Clef_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Engraves clefs
<br></td></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">Completion_heads_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Splits notes which cross bar lines
<!-- The old Dynamic_engraver is deprecated. -jm -->
<br></td></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">New_dynamic_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Creates hairpins and dynamic texts
<br></td></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">Forbid_line_break_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Prevents line breaks if a musical element is still active
<br></td></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">Key_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Creates the key signature
<br></td></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">Metronome_mark_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Engraves metronome marking
<br></td></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">Note_heads_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Engraves note heads
<br></td></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">Rest_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Engraves rests
<br></td></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">Staff_symbol_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Engraves the five (by default) lines of the staff
<br></td></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">Stem_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Creates stems and single-stem tremolos
<br></td></tr><tr align="left"><td valign="top" width="30%">Time_signature_engraver
</td><td valign="top" width="70%">Creates time signatures
<br></td></tr></table>
<pre class="sp">
</pre>
<p>We shall see later how the output of LilyPond can be changed
by modifying the action of Engravers.
<p class="noindent">
<h5 class="subsubheading">See also</h5>
<p class="indent">
<p>Internals reference: <a name="index-Engravers-and-Performers-295"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/Engravers-and-Performers.de.html#Engravers-and-Performers">Engravers and Performers</a>.
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Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Modifying-context-properties.de.html#Modifying-context-properties">Modifying context properties</a>,
Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Creating-contexts.de.html#Creating-contexts">Creating contexts</a>,
Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Contexts-and-engravers.de.html#Contexts-and-engravers">Contexts and engravers</a>
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