<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <!-- header_tag --> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>Arabic time signatures - GNU LilyPond Notation Reference</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <meta name="description" content="GNU LilyPond Notation Reference"> <meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.11"> <link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.de.html#Top"> <link rel="up" href="Arabic-music.de.html#Arabic-music" title="Arabic music"> <link rel="prev" href="Arabic-key-signatures.de.html#Arabic-key-signatures" title="Arabic key signatures"> <link rel="next" href="Arabic-music-example.de.html#Arabic-music-example" title="Arabic music example"> <link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> <!-- Copyright (C) 1999--2007 by the authors Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections. 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This may lead to an automatic grouping of notes that is quite different from existing typeset music, where notes may not be grouped on the beat, but in a manner that is difficult to match by adjusting automatic beaming. You can override this by switching off automatic beaming and beaming the notes manually. Where matching existing typeset music is not an issue, you may still want to adjust the beaming behaviour and/or use compound time signatures. <p class="noindent"> <h5 class="subsubheading">Selected Snippets</h5> <p><em>Compound time signatures</em> <p>Odd 20th century time signatures (such as "5/8") can often be played as compound time signatures (e.g. "3/8 + 2/8"), which combine two or more inequal metrics. LilyPond can make such music quite easy to read and play, by explicitly printing the compound time signatures and adapting the automatic beaming behavior. (Graphic measure grouping indications can also be added; see the appropriate snippet in this database.) <blockquote> <pre class="verbatim"> #(define (compound-time one two num) (markup #:override '(baseline-skip . 0) #:number (#:line ((#:column (one num)) #:vcenter "+" (#:column (two num)))) )) \relative { \override Staff.TimeSignature #'stencil = #ly:text-interface::print \override Staff.TimeSignature #'text = #(compound-time "2" "3" "8") \time 5/8 #(override-auto-beam-setting '(end 1 8 5 8) 1 4) c8 d e fis gis c8 fis, gis e d c8 d e4 gis8 } </pre> <p> <a href="../c1/lily-98ccf59d.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../c1/lily-98ccf59d.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a> </p> </blockquote> <p><em>Arabic improvisation</em> <p>For improvisations or <em>taqasim</em> which are temporarily free, the time signature can be omitted and <code>\cadenzaOn</code> can be used. Adjusting the accidental style might be required, since the absence of bar lines will cause the accidental to be marked only once. Here is an example of what could be the start of a <em>hijaz</em> improvisation: <blockquote> <pre class="verbatim"> \include "arabic.ly" \relative sol' { \key re \kurd #(set-accidental-style 'forget) \cadenzaOn sol4 sol sol sol fad mib sol1 fad8 mib re4. r8 mib1 fad sol } </pre> <p> <a href="../33/lily-b714d6b7.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../33/lily-b714d6b7.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a> </p> </blockquote> <p class="noindent"> <h5 class="subsubheading">See also</h5> <p class="indent"> <p>Notation Reference: <a href="Manual-beams.de.html#Manual-beams">Manual beams</a>, <a href="Automatic-beams.de.html#Automatic-beams">Automatic beams</a>, <a href="Unmetered-music.de.html#Unmetered-music">Unmetered music</a>, <a href="Automatic-accidentals.de.html#Automatic-accidentals">Automatic accidentals</a>, <a href="Setting-automatic-beam-behavior.de.html#Setting-automatic-beam-behavior">Setting automatic beam behavior</a>, <a href="Time-signature.de.html#Time-signature">Time signature</a>. <p>Snippets: <a href="../../../input/lsr/lilypond-snippets/World-music.html#World-music">World music</a>. <!-- footer_tag --><br><hr> <div class="node"> <p> Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Arabic-music-example.de.html#Arabic-music-example">Arabic music example</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Arabic-key-signatures.de.html#Arabic-key-signatures">Arabic key signatures</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Arabic-music.de.html#Arabic-music">Arabic music</a> </div> <div style="background-color: #e8ffe8; padding: 2; border: #c0ffc0 1px solid;"> <p> <font size="-1"> Diese Seite ist für LilyPond-2.11.57 (Entwicklungszweig). <br> <address> Fehler bitte an <a href="http://post.gmane.org/post.php?group=gmane.comp.gnu.lilypond.bugs">http://post.gmane.org/post.php?group=gmane.comp.gnu.lilypond.bugs</a> melden. </address> <br> Ihre <a href="http://lilypond.org/web/devel/participating/documentation-adding">Vorschläge für die Dokumentation</a> sind willkommen. </font> </p> </div> </BODY></html>