<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<!-- header_tag -->
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Articulations and ornamentations - GNU LilyPond Notation Reference</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="description" content="GNU LilyPond Notation Reference">
<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.11">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Attached-to-notes.html#Attached-to-notes" title="Attached to notes">
<link rel="next" href="Dynamics.html#Dynamics" title="Dynamics">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
Copyright (C) 1999--2007 by the authors
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software
Foundation; with no Invariant Sections. A copy of the license is
included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation
License''.
-->
<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css">
<style type="text/css"><!--
pre.display { font-family:inherit }
pre.format { font-family:inherit }
pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller }
pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller }
span.sc { font-variant:small-caps }
span.roman { font-family:serif; font-weight:normal; }
span.sansserif { font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal; }
hr { border:0; height:1; color: #000000; background-color: #000000; }
/* hr {
border: none;
height: 1px;
color: #666666;
background-color: #666666;
}
body {
border-left: 1px solid #666666;
border-right: 1px solid #666666;
color: #332d28;
margin-right: auto;
margin-left: auto;
width: 60em;
list-style-type: square;
font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
padding-right: 1em;
padding-left: 1em;
}
a {
border-bottom: 1px dashed #344242;
text-decoration: none;
color: #344242;
}
a:link {
text-decoration: none;
}
a:visited {
border-bottom: 1px dashed #666666;
color: #666666;
}
a:active {
border-bottom: 1px solid #00cccc;
color: #00cccc;
}
a:hover {
border-bottom: 1px solid #1d7b85;
color: #1d7b85;
}
blockquote {
border: 1px solid #cccccc;
padding: 3px;
width: 40em;
}
.node {
border-left: 1px solid #666666;
margin: -0.5em 0px 1em;
padding: 2px 1px 0px;
font-style: italic;
}
.node a {
border: none;
text-decoration: underline;
font-style: normal;
font-weight: bold;
}
.verbatim {
font-family: "Courier New",Courier,monospace;
}
.unnumberedsubsubsec {
font-size: large;
color: #1d7b85;
}
.subsubheading {
font-size: large;
color: #3b220d;
}
.contents {
border: 1px dashed #339999;
margin: 3px 2em;
list-style-type: square;
padding-right: 1em;
width: 40em;
background-color: #fcfff9;
}
.contents a {
border-bottom: 1px dashed #423d34;
text-decoration: none;
color: #423d34;
}
.contents a:visited {
border-bottom: 1px dashed #666666;
color: #666666;
}
.contents a:active {
border-bottom: 1px solid #f0d86d;
color: #f0d86d;
}
.contents a:hover {
border-bottom: 1px solid #3b220d;
color: #3b220d;
}
.menu {
border-left: 1px dashed #339999;
margin: 3px 2em 1em;
list-style-type: square;
padding-left: 1.4em;
width: 40em;
}
.unnumbered {
}
h2 {
font-size: x-large;
color: #1d7b85;
}
*/
--></style>
</head>
<BODY BGCOLOR=WHITE TEXT=BLACK>
<div class="node">
<p>
<a name="Articulations-and-ornamentations"></a>
Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Dynamics.html#Dynamics">Dynamics</a>,
Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Attached-to-notes.html#Attached-to-notes">Attached to notes</a>
<hr>
</div>
<h5 class="unnumberedsubsubsec">Articulations and ornamentations</h5>
<p><a name="index-articulations-723"></a><a name="index-scripts-724"></a><a name="index-ornaments-725"></a><a name="index-espressivo-726"></a><a name="index-fermata-727"></a><a name="index-upbow-728"></a><a name="index-downbow-729"></a><a name="index-foot-marks-730"></a><a name="index-organ-pedal-marks-731"></a><a name="index-turn-732"></a><a name="index-open-733"></a><a name="index-stopped-734"></a><a name="index-flageolet-735"></a><a name="index-reverseturn-736"></a><a name="index-trill-737"></a><a name="index-prall-738"></a><a name="index-mordent-739"></a><a name="index-prallprall-740"></a><a name="index-prallmordent-741"></a><a name="index-prall_002c-up-742"></a><a name="index-prall_002c-down-743"></a><a name="index-thumb-marking-744"></a><a name="index-segno-745"></a><a name="index-coda-746"></a><a name="index-varcoda-747"></a>
A variety of symbols that denote articulations, ornamentations,
and other performance indications can be attached to a note using
this syntax:
<pre class="example"><var>note</var>\<var>name</var>
</pre>
<p>The possible values for <var>name</var> are listed in <a href="List-of-articulations.html#List-of-articulations">List of articulations</a>. For example:
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
c4\staccato c\mordent b2\turn
c1\fermata
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../c9/lily-5dedb8bb.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../c9/lily-5dedb8bb.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p><a name="index-marcato-748"></a><a name="index-stopped-749"></a><a name="index-tenuto-750"></a><a name="index-staccatissimo-751"></a><a name="index-accent-752"></a><a name="index-staccato-753"></a><a name="index-portato-754"></a>
Some of these articulations have shorthands for easier entry.
Shorthands are appended to the note name, and their syntax
consists of a dash <code>-</code> followed by a symbol signifying the
articulation. Predefined shorthands exist for <var>marcato</var>,
<var>stopped</var>, <var>tenuto</var>, <var>staccatissimo</var>,
<var>accent</var>, <var>staccato</var>, and <var>portato</var>.
Their corresponding output appears as follows:
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
c4-^ c-+ c-- c-|
c4-> c-. c2-_
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../33/lily-6d308047.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../33/lily-6d308047.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The rules for the default placement of articulations are defined
in <samp><span class="file">scm/script.scm</span></samp>. Articulations and ornamentations
may be manually placed above or below the staff, see
<a href="Direction-and-placement.html#Direction-and-placement">Direction and placement</a>.
<p class="noindent">
<h5 class="subsubheading">Selected Snippets</h5>
<p><em>Modifying default values for articulation shorthand notation</em>
<p>The shorthands are defined in ‘<samp><span class="samp">ly/script-init.ly</span></samp>’, where the
variables <code>dashHat</code>, <code>dashPlus</code>, <code>dashDash</code>,
<code>dashBar</code>, <code>dashLarger</code>, <code>dashDot</code>, and
<code>dashUnderscore</code> are assigned default values. The default values
for the shorthands can be modified. For example, to associate the
<code>-+</code> (<code>dashPlus</code>) shorthand with the trill symbol instead of
the default + symbol, assign the value <code>trill</code> to the variable
<code>dashPlus</code>:
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
\relative c'' { c1-+ }
dashPlus = "trill"
\relative c'' { c1-+ }
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../a8/lily-0863fd0d.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../a8/lily-0863fd0d.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p><em>Controlling the vertical ordering of scripts</em>
<p>The vertical ordering of scripts is controlled with the
<code>script-priority</code> property. The lower this number, the closer it
will be put to the note. In this example, the <code>TextScript</code> (the
sharp symbol) first has the lowest priority, so it is put lowest in the
first example. In the second, the prall trill (the <code>Script</code>) has
the lowest, so it is on the inside. When two objects have the same
priority, the order in which they are entered determines which one
comes first.
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
\relative c''' {
\once \override TextScript #'script-priority = #-100
a2^\prall^\markup { \sharp }
\once \override Script #'script-priority = #-100
a2^\prall^\markup { \sharp }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../43/lily-a1919148.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../43/lily-a1919148.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p class="noindent">
<h5 class="subsubheading">See also</h5>
<p class="indent">
<p>Music Glossary:
<a name="index-tenuto-755"></a><a href="../music-glossary/tenuto.html#tenuto">tenuto</a>,
<a name="index-accent-756"></a><a href="../music-glossary/accent.html#accent">accent</a>,
<a name="index-staccato-757"></a><a href="../music-glossary/staccato.html#staccato">staccato</a>,
<a name="index-portato-758"></a><a href="../music-glossary/portato.html#portato">portato</a>.
<p>Notation Reference:
<a href="Direction-and-placement.html#Direction-and-placement">Direction and placement</a>,
<a href="List-of-articulations.html#List-of-articulations">List of articulations</a>.
<p>Installed Files:
<samp><span class="file">scm/script.scm</span></samp>.
<p>Snippets:
<a href="../../../input/lsr/lilypond-snippets/Expressive-marks.html#Expressive-marks">Expressive marks</a>.
<p>Internals Reference:
<a name="index-Script-759"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/Script.html#Script">Script</a>,
<a name="index-TextScript-760"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/TextScript.html#TextScript">TextScript</a>.
<!-- footer_tag --><br><hr>
<div class="node">
<p>
Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Dynamics.html#Dynamics">Dynamics</a>,
Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Attached-to-notes.html#Attached-to-notes">Attached to notes</a>
</div>
<div style="background-color: #e8ffe8; padding: 2; border: #c0ffc0 1px solid;">
<p>
<font size="-1">
This page is for LilyPond-2.11.57 (development-branch).
<br>
<address>
Report errors to <a href="http://post.gmane.org/post.php?group=gmane.comp.gnu.lilypond.bugs">http://post.gmane.org/post.php?group=gmane.comp.gnu.lilypond.bugs</a>. </address>
<br>
Your <a href="http://lilypond.org/web/devel/participating/documentation-adding">suggestions for the documentation</a> are welcome.
</font>
</p>
</div>
<P>
Other languages: <a href="Articulations-and-ornamentations.fr.html">français</a>, <a href="Articulations-and-ornamentations.es.html">español</a>, <a href="Articulations-and-ornamentations.de.html">deutsch</a>.
<BR>
</P>
</BODY></html>
