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<p>
<a name="Grouping-staves"></a>
Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Deeper-nested-staff-groups.html#Deeper-nested-staff-groups">Deeper nested staff groups</a>,
Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="Instantiating-new-staves.html#Instantiating-new-staves">Instantiating new staves</a>,
Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Displaying-staves.html#Displaying-staves">Displaying staves</a>
<hr>
</div>
<h5 class="unnumberedsubsubsec">Grouping staves</h5>
<p><a name="index-start-of-system-1337"></a><a name="index-staff_002c-multiple-1338"></a><a name="index-staves_002c-multiple-1339"></a><a name="index-system-start-delimiters-1340"></a><a name="index-bracket_002c-vertical-1341"></a><a name="index-brace_002c-vertical-1342"></a><a name="index-choir-staff-1343"></a><a name="index-grand-staff-1344"></a><a name="index-piano-staff-1345"></a><a name="index-staff-group-1346"></a><a name="index-staff_002c-choir-1347"></a><a name="index-staff_002c-piano-1348"></a><a name="index-system-1349"></a>
Various contexts exist to group single staves together in order to
form multi-stave systems. Each grouping context sets the style of
the system start delimiter and the behavior of bar lines.
<p>If no context is specified, the default properties will be used:
the group is started with a vertical line, and the bar lines are
not connected.
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
<<
\new Staff { c1 c }
\new Staff { c1 c }
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../f0/lily-74604fcd.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../f0/lily-74604fcd.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>In the <code>StaffGroup</code> context, the group is started with a
bracket and bar lines are drawn through all the staves.
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
\new StaffGroup <<
\new Staff { c1 c }
\new Staff { c1 c }
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../88/lily-5b3b7564.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../88/lily-5b3b7564.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>In a <code>ChoirStaff</code>, the group starts with a bracket, but bar
lines are not connected.
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
\new ChoirStaff <<
\new Staff { c1 c }
\new Staff { c1 c }
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../48/lily-b97811fe.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../48/lily-b97811fe.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>In a <code>GrandStaff</code>, the group begins with a brace, and bar
lines are connected between the staves.
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
\new GrandStaff <<
\new Staff { c1 c }
\new Staff { c1 c }
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../21/lily-9e8186d3.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../21/lily-9e8186d3.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <code>PianoStaff</code> is identical to a <code>GrandStaff</code>, except
that it supports printing the instrument name directly. For
details, see <a href="Instrument-names.html#Instrument-names">Instrument names</a>.
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
\new PianoStaff <<
\set PianoStaff.instrumentName = "Piano"
\new Staff { c1 c }
\new Staff { c1 c }
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../6f/lily-9f8ab9ce.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../6f/lily-9f8ab9ce.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Each staff group context sets the property
<code>systemStartDelimiter</code> to one of the following values:
<code>SystemStartBar</code>, <code>SystemStartBrace</code>, or
<code>SystemStartBracket</code>. A fourth delimiter,
<code>SystemStartSquare</code>, is also available, but it must be
explicitly specified.
<p class="noindent">
<h5 class="subsubheading">Selected Snippets</h5>
<p><em>Use square bracket at the start of a staff group</em>
<p>The system start delimiter <code>SystemStartSquare</code> can be used by
setting it explicitly in a <code>StaffGroup</code> or <code>ChoirStaffGroup</code>
context.
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
\score {
\new StaffGroup { <<
\set StaffGroup.systemStartDelimiter = #'SystemStartSquare
\new Staff { c'4 d' e' f' }
\new Staff { c'4 d' e' f' }
>> }
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../f5/lily-49c1d051.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../f5/lily-49c1d051.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p><em>Display bracket with only one staff in a system</em>
<p>If there is only one staff in one of the staff types
<code>ChoirStaff</code>, <code>InnerChoirStaff</code>, <code>InnerStaffGroup</code>
or <code>StaffGroup</code>, the bracket and the starting bar line will not
be displayed as standard behavior. This can be changed by overriding
the relevant properties, as demonstrated in this example.
<p>Note that in contexts such as <code>PianoStaff</code> and <code>GrandStaff</code>
where the systems begin with a brace instead of a bracket, another
property has to be set, as shown on the second system in the example.
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
\markup \column {
\score {
\new StaffGroup <<
% Must be lower than the actual number of staff lines
\override StaffGroup.SystemStartBracket #'collapse-height = #1
\override Score.SystemStartBar #'collapse-height = #1
\new Staff {
c'1
}
>>
\layout { }
}
\score {
\new PianoStaff <<
\override PianoStaff.SystemStartBrace #'collapse-height = #1
\override Score.SystemStartBar #'collapse-height = #1
\new Staff {
c'1
}
>>
\layout { }
}
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../f8/lily-68334250.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../f8/lily-68334250.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p><a name="index-mensurstriche-layout-1350"></a><a name="index-renaissance-music-1351"></a><a name="index-transcription-of-mensural-music-1352"></a><a name="index-mensural-music_002c-transcription-of-1353"></a>
<em>Mensurstriche layout (bar lines between the staves)</em>
<p>The mensurstriche-layout where the bar lines do not show on the staves
but between staves can be achieved with a <code>StaffGroup</code> instead of
a <code>ChoirStaff</code>. The bar line on staves is blanked out by setting
the <code>transparent</code> property.
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
global = {
\override Staff.BarLine #'transparent = ##t
s1 s
% the final bar line is not interrupted
\revert Staff.BarLine #'transparent
\bar "|."
}
\new StaffGroup \relative c'' {
<<
\new Staff { << \global { c1 c } >> }
\new Staff { << \global { c c } >> }
>>
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../9e/lily-559d109a.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../9e/lily-559d109a.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<!-- FIXME: move to NR 2.8.x when sectioning is ready -->
<p class="noindent">
<h5 class="subsubheading">See also</h5>
<p class="indent">
<p>Music Glossary:
<a name="index-brace-1354"></a><a href="../music-glossary/brace.html#brace">brace</a>,
<a name="index-bracket-1355"></a><a href="../music-glossary/bracket.html#bracket">bracket</a>,
<a name="index-grand-staff-1356"></a><a href="../music-glossary/grand-staff.html#grand-staff">grand staff</a>.
<p>Notation Reference:
<a href="Instrument-names.html#Instrument-names">Instrument names</a>.
<p>Snippets:
<a href="../../../input/lsr/lilypond-snippets/Staff-notation.html#Staff-notation">Staff notation</a>.
<p>Internals Reference:
<a name="index-Staff-1357"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/Staff.html#Staff">Staff</a>,
<a name="index-StaffGroup-1358"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/StaffGroup.html#StaffGroup">StaffGroup</a>,
<a name="index-ChoirStaff-1359"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/ChoirStaff.html#ChoirStaff">ChoirStaff</a>,
<a name="index-GrandStaff-1360"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/GrandStaff.html#GrandStaff">GrandStaff</a>,
<a name="index-PianoStaff-1361"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/PianoStaff.html#PianoStaff">PianoStaff</a>,
<a name="index-SystemStartBar-1362"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/SystemStartBar.html#SystemStartBar">SystemStartBar</a>,
<a name="index-SystemStartBrace-1363"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/SystemStartBrace.html#SystemStartBrace">SystemStartBrace</a>,
<a name="index-SystemStartBracket-1364"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/SystemStartBracket.html#SystemStartBracket">SystemStartBracket</a>,
<a name="index-SystemStartSquare-1365"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/SystemStartSquare.html#SystemStartSquare">SystemStartSquare</a>.
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