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<a name="Instrument-transpositions"></a>
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<h5 class="unnumberedsubsubsec">Instrument transpositions</h5>
<p><a name="index-transposition_002c-MIDI-208"></a><a name="index-transposition_002c-instrument-209"></a><a name="index-transposing-instrument-210"></a><a name="index-MIDI-211"></a><a name="index-MIDI-transposition-212"></a><a name="index-g_t_005ctransposition-213"></a><a name="index-g_t_005ctransposition-214"></a>
<p>When typesetting scores that involve transposing instruments, some
parts can be typeset in a different pitch than the
<var>concert pitch</var>. In these cases, the key of the
<var>transposing instrument</var> should be specified; otherwise
the MIDI output and cues in other parts will produce incorrect
pitches. For more information about quotations, see
<a href="Quoting-other-voices.de.html#Quoting-other-voices">Quoting other voices</a>.
<pre class="example">\transposition <var>pitch</var>
</pre>
<p>The pitch to use for <code>\transposition</code> should correspond to
the real sound heard when a <code>c'</code> written on the staff is
played by the transposing instrument. This pitch is entered in
absolute mode, so an instrument that produces a real sound which
is one tone higher than the printed music should use
<code>\transposition d'</code><!-- /@w -->. <code>\transposition</code> should
<em>only</em> be used if the pitches are <em>not</em> being entered in
concert pitch.
<p>Here are a few notes for violin and B-flat clarinet where the
parts have been entered using the notes and key as they appear in
each part of the conductor's score. The two instruments are
playing in unison.
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
\new GrandStaff <<
\new Staff = "violin" {
\relative c'' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = "Vln"
\set Staff.midiInstrument = "violin"
% not strictly necessary, but a good reminder
\transposition c'
\key c \major
g4( c8) r c r c4
}
}
\new Staff = "clarinet" {
\relative c'' {
\set Staff.instrumentName = \markup { Cl (B\flat) }
\set Staff.midiInstrument = "clarinet"
\transposition bes
\key d \major
a4( d8) r d r d4
}
}
>>
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../b3/lily-13a7a708.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../b3/lily-13a7a708.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The <code>\transposition</code> may be changed during a piece. For
example, a clarinetist may switch from an A clarinet to a B-flat
clarinet.
<blockquote>
<pre class="verbatim">
\set Staff.instrumentName = "Cl (A)"
\key a \major
\transposition a
c d e f
\textLengthOn
s1*0^\markup { Switch to B\flat clarinet }
R1
\key bes \major
\transposition bes
c2 g
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../71/lily-49f70194.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../71/lily-49f70194.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
</blockquote>
<p class="noindent">
<h5 class="subsubheading">See also</h5>
<p class="indent">
<p>Music Glossary:
<a name="index-concert-pitch-215"></a><a href="../music-glossary/concert-pitch.de.html#concert-pitch">concert pitch</a>,
<a name="index-transposing-instrument-216"></a><a href="../music-glossary/transposing-instrument.de.html#transposing-instrument">transposing instrument</a>.
<p>Notation Reference:
<a href="Quoting-other-voices.de.html#Quoting-other-voices">Quoting other voices</a>, <a href="Transpose.de.html#Transpose">Transpose</a>.
<p>Snippets:
<a href="../../../input/lsr/lilypond-snippets/Pitches.html#Pitches">Pitches</a>.
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Andere Sprachen: <a href="Instrument-transpositions.fr.html">français</a>, <a href="Instrument-transpositions.es.html">español</a>.
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