<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <!-- header_tag --> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>References for keyboards - GNU LilyPond Notation Reference</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <meta name="description" content="GNU LilyPond Notation Reference"> <meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.11"> <link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.es.html#Top"> <link rel="up" href="Common-notation-for-keyboards.es.html#Common-notation-for-keyboards" title="Common notation for keyboards"> <link rel="next" href="Changing-staff-manually.es.html#Changing-staff-manually" title="Changing staff manually"> <link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> <!-- Copyright (C) 1999--2007 by the authors Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections. 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These are two or more normal staves coupled with a brace. The same notation is also used for other keyed instruments. Organ music is normally written with two staves inside a <code>PianoStaff</code> group and third, normal staff for the pedals. <p>The staves in keyboard music are largely independent, but sometimes voices can cross between the two staves. This section discusses notation techniques particular to keyboard music. <p>Several common issues in keyboard music are covered elsewhere: <ul> <li>Keyboard music usually contains multiple voices and the number of voices may change regularly; this is described in <a href="Collision-resolution.es.html#Collision-resolution">Collision resolution</a>. <li>Keyboard music can be written in parallel, as described in <a href="Writing-music-in-parallel.es.html#Writing-music-in-parallel">Writing music in parallel</a>. <li>Fingerings are indicated with <a href="Fingering-instructions.es.html#Fingering-instructions">Fingering instructions</a>. <li>Organ pedal indications are inserted as articulations, see <a href="List-of-articulations.es.html#List-of-articulations">List of articulations</a>. <li>Vertical grid lines can be shown with <a href="Grid-lines.es.html#Grid-lines">Grid lines</a>. <li>Keyboard music often contains <var>Laissez vibrer</var> ties as well as ties on arpeggios and tremolos, described in <a href="Ties.es.html#Ties">Ties</a>. <li>Placing arpeggios across multiple voices and staves is covered in <a href="Arpeggio.es.html#Arpeggio">Arpeggio</a>. <li>Tremolo marks are described in <a href="Tremolo-repeats.es.html#Tremolo-repeats">Tremolo repeats</a>. <li>Several of the tweaks that can occur in keyboard music are demonstrated in <a name="index-Real-music-example-1927"></a><a href="../lilypond-learning/Real-music-example.es.html#Real-music-example">Real music example</a>. <li>Hidden notes can be used to produce ties that cross voices, as shown in <a name="index-Other-uses-for-tweaks-1928"></a><a href="../lilypond-learning/Other-uses-for-tweaks.es.html#Other-uses-for-tweaks">Other uses for tweaks</a>. </ul> <p class="noindent"> <h5 class="subsubheading">See also</h5> <p class="indent"> <p>Learning Manual: <a name="index-Real-music-example-1929"></a><a href="../lilypond-learning/Real-music-example.es.html#Real-music-example">Real music example</a>, <a name="index-Other-uses-for-tweaks-1930"></a><a href="../lilypond-learning/Other-uses-for-tweaks.es.html#Other-uses-for-tweaks">Other uses for tweaks</a>. <p>Notation Reference: <a href="Grouping-staves.es.html#Grouping-staves">Grouping staves</a>, <a href="Instrument-names.es.html#Instrument-names">Instrument names</a>, <a href="Collision-resolution.es.html#Collision-resolution">Collision resolution</a>, <a href="Writing-music-in-parallel.es.html#Writing-music-in-parallel">Writing music in parallel</a>, <a href="Fingering-instructions.es.html#Fingering-instructions">Fingering instructions</a>, <a href="List-of-articulations.es.html#List-of-articulations">List of articulations</a>, <a href="Grid-lines.es.html#Grid-lines">Grid lines</a>, <a href="Ties.es.html#Ties">Ties</a>, <a href="Arpeggio.es.html#Arpeggio">Arpeggio</a>, <a href="Tremolo-repeats.es.html#Tremolo-repeats">Tremolo repeats</a>. <p>Internals Reference: <a name="index-PianoStaff-1931"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/PianoStaff.es.html#PianoStaff">PianoStaff</a>. <p>Snippets: <a href="../../../input/lsr/lilypond-snippets/Keyboards.html#Keyboards">Keyboards</a>. <p class="noindent"> <h5 class="subsubheading">Known issues and warnings</h5> <p><a name="index-keyboard-music_002c-centering-dynamics-1932"></a><a name="index-dynamics_002c-centered-in-keyboard-music-1933"></a><a name="index-piano-music_002c-centering-dynamics-1934"></a><a name="index-centered-dynamics-in-piano-music-1935"></a><a name="index-staff_002dpadding-1936"></a><a name="index-staff_002dpadding-1937"></a> <p>Dynamics are not automatically centered, but workarounds do exist. One option is the ‘piano centered dynamics’ template under <a name="index-Piano-templates-1938"></a><a href="../lilypond-learning/Piano-templates.es.html#Piano-templates">Piano templates</a>; another option is to increase the <code>staff-padding</code> of dynamics as discussed in <a name="index-Moving-1939"></a>objects <a href="../lilypond-learning/Moving-objects.es.html#Moving-objects">Moving objects</a>. <!-- footer_tag --><br><hr> <div class="node"> <p> Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Changing-staff-manually.es.html#Changing-staff-manually">Changing staff manually</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Common-notation-for-keyboards.es.html#Common-notation-for-keyboards">Common notation for keyboards</a> </div> <div style="background-color: #e8ffe8; padding: 2; border: #c0ffc0 1px solid;"> <p> <font size="-1"> Esta página corresponde a LilyPond-2.11.57 (rama de desarrollo). <br> <address> Informe de los fallos a través de la lista en español <a href="http://es.groups.yahoo.com/group/lilypond-es/">lilypond-es</a>, o en inglés a través de <a href="http://post.gmane.org/post.php?group=gmane.comp.gnu.lilypond.bugs">http://post.gmane.org/post.php?group=gmane.comp.gnu.lilypond.bugs</a>. </address> <br> Se agradecen las <a href="http://lilypond.org/web/devel/participating/documentation-adding">sugerencias para la documentación</a>. </font> </p> </div> <P> Otros idiomas: <a href="References-for-keyboards.de.html">deutsch</a>. <BR> </P> </BODY></html>