<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <!-- header_tag --> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>Text markup introduction - GNU LilyPond Notation Reference</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <meta name="description" content="GNU LilyPond Notation Reference"> <meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.11"> <link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.de.html#Top"> <link rel="up" href="Formatting-text.de.html#Formatting-text" title="Formatting text"> <link rel="next" href="Selecting-font-and-font-size.de.html#Selecting-font-and-font-size" title="Selecting font and font size"> <link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> <!-- Copyright (C) 1999--2007 by the authors Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections. 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A single word is regarded as a minimal expression, and therefore does not need to be enclosed with braces. <p>Unlike simple ‘quoted text’ indications, <code>\markup</code> blocks may contain nested expressions or specific commands, entered using the backslash <code>\</code> character. Such commands only affect the first following expression. <blockquote> <pre class="verbatim"> e1-\markup intenso a2^\markup { poco \italic più forte } c e1 d2_\markup { \italic "string. assai" } e b1^\markup { \bold { molto \italic agitato } } c </pre> <p> <a href="../b9/lily-799e015e.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../b9/lily-799e015e.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a> </p> </blockquote> <p><a name="index-special-characters-in-markup-mode-1720"></a><a name="index-markup-mode_002c-special-characters-1721"></a><a name="index-reserved-characters_002c-printing-1722"></a><a name="index-printing-special-characters-1723"></a><a name="index-quoted-text-in-markup-mode-1724"></a> A <code>\markup</code> block may also contain quoted text strings. Such strings are treated as minimal text expressions, and therefore any markup command or special character (such as <code>\</code> and <code>#</code>) will be printed verbatim without affecting the formatting of the text. This syntax even allows to print double quotation marks, by preceding them with backslashes <blockquote> <pre class="verbatim"> d1^"\italic markup..." d_\markup \italic "... prints \"italic\" letters!" d d </pre> <p> <a href="../44/lily-0a49588d.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../44/lily-0a49588d.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a> </p> </blockquote> <p>The way markup expressions are defined affects how these expressions will stacked, centered and aligned when using the commands explained in <a href="Text-alignment.de.html#Text-alignment">Text alignment</a>. <blockquote> <pre class="verbatim"> c1^\markup { \column { a bbbb \line { c d } } } c1^\markup { \center-column { a bbbb c } } c1^\markup { \line { a b c } } </pre> <p> <a href="../0a/lily-3bfd1f5d.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../0a/lily-3bfd1f5d.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a> </p> </blockquote> <p>Lists of words that are not enclosed with double quotes or preceded by a command are not treated as a distinct expression. In the following example, the first two <code>\markup</code> expressions are equivalent: <blockquote> <pre class="verbatim"> c1^\markup { \center-column { a bbb c } } c1^\markup { \center-column { a { bbb c } } } c1^\markup { \center-column { a \line { bbb c } } } </pre> <p> <a href="../57/lily-e8fb704a.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../57/lily-e8fb704a.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a> </p> </blockquote> <p>Markups can be stored in variables. These variables may be directly attached to notes: <blockquote> <pre class="verbatim"> allegro = \markup { \bold \large Allegro } { d''8.^\allegro d'16 d'4 r2 } </pre> <p> <a href="../f8/lily-94387dfe.ly"> <img align="middle" border="0" src="../f8/lily-94387dfe.png" alt="[image of music]"> </a> </p> </blockquote> <p class="noindent">An exhaustive list of <code>\markup</code>-specific commands can be found in <a href="Text-markup-commands.de.html#Text-markup-commands">Text markup commands</a>. <p class="noindent"> <h5 class="subsubheading">See also</h5> <p class="indent"> <p>This manual: <a href="Text-markup-commands.de.html#Text-markup-commands">Text markup commands</a>. <p>Snippets: <a href="../../../input/lsr/lilypond-snippets/Text.html#Text">Text</a>. <p>Internals Reference: <a name="index-TextScript-1725"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/TextScript.de.html#TextScript">TextScript</a>. <p>Init files: <samp><span class="file">scm/new-markup.scm</span></samp>. <p class="noindent"> <h5 class="subsubheading">Known issues and warnings</h5> <p>Syntax errors for markup mode can be confusing. <!-- footer_tag --><br><hr> <div class="node"> <p> Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Selecting-font-and-font-size.de.html#Selecting-font-and-font-size">Selecting font and font size</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Formatting-text.de.html#Formatting-text">Formatting text</a> </div> <div style="background-color: #e8ffe8; padding: 2; border: #c0ffc0 1px solid;"> <p> <font size="-1"> Diese Seite ist für LilyPond-2.11.57 (Entwicklungszweig). <br> <address> Fehler bitte an <a href="http://post.gmane.org/post.php?group=gmane.comp.gnu.lilypond.bugs">http://post.gmane.org/post.php?group=gmane.comp.gnu.lilypond.bugs</a> melden. </address> <br> Ihre <a href="http://lilypond.org/web/devel/participating/documentation-adding">Vorschläge für die Dokumentation</a> sind willkommen. </font> </p> </div> <P> Andere Sprachen: <a href="Text-markup-introduction.fr.html">français</a>, <a href="Text-markup-introduction.es.html">español</a>. <BR> </P> </BODY></html>