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<p>
<a name="Vertical-spacing-inside-a-system"></a>
Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Vertical-spacing-between-systems.es.html#Vertical-spacing-between-systems">Vertical spacing between systems</a>,
Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Vertical-spacing.es.html#Vertical-spacing">Vertical spacing</a>
<hr>
</div>
<h4 class="subsection">4.4.1 Vertical spacing inside a system</h4>
<p><a name="index-distance-between-staves-2568"></a><a name="index-staff-distance-2569"></a><a name="index-space-between-staves-2570"></a><a name="index-space-inside-systems-2571"></a>
The height of each system is determined automatically. To prevent
staves from bumping into each other, some minimum distances are set.
By changing these, you can put staves closer together. This
reduces the amount of space each system requires, and may result
in having more systems per page.
<p>Normally staves are stacked vertically. To make staves maintain a
distance, their vertical size is padded. This is done with the
property <code>minimum-Y-extent</code>. When applied to a
<a name="index-VerticalAxisGroup-2572"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/VerticalAxisGroup.es.html#VerticalAxisGroup">VerticalAxisGroup</a>, it controls the size of a horizontal
line, such as a staff or a line of lyrics. <code>minimum-Y-extent</code>
takes a pair of numbers, so
if you want to make it smaller than its default <code>#'(-4 . 4)</code>
then you could set
<pre class="example">\override Staff.VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-3 . 3)
</pre>
<p class="noindent">This sets the vertical size of the current staff to 3 staff spaces on
either side of the center staff line. The value <code>(-3 . 3)</code> is
interpreted as an interval, where the center line is the 0, so the
first number is generally negative. The numbers need not match;
for example, the staff can be made larger at the bottom by setting
it to <code>(-6 . 4)</code>.
<p>After page breaks are determined, the vertical spacing within each
system is reevaluated in order to fill the page more evenly; if a page
has space left over, systems are stretched in order to fill that space.
The amount of stretching can be configured though the <code>max-stretch</code>
property of the <a name="index-VerticalAlignment-2573"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/VerticalAlignment.es.html#VerticalAlignment">VerticalAlignment</a> grob. By default,
<code>max-stretch</code> is set to zero, disabling stretching. To enable
stretching, a sane value for <code>max-stretch</code>
is <code>ly:align-interface::calc-max-stretch</code>.
<p>In some situations, you may want to stretch most of a system while
leaving some parts fixed. For example, if a piano part occurs in the
middle of an orchestral score, you may want to leave the piano staves
close to each other while stretching the rest of the score. The
<code>keep-fixed-while-stretching</code> property of
<a name="index-VerticalAxisGroup-2574"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/VerticalAxisGroup.es.html#VerticalAxisGroup">VerticalAxisGroup</a> can be used to achieve this. When set
to <code>##t</code>, this property keeps its staff (or line of lyrics) from
moving relative to the one directly above it. In the example above,
you would override <code>keep-fixed-while-stretching</code> to <code>##t</code> in
the second piano staff:
<pre class="verbatim">
#(set-default-paper-size "a6")
#(set-global-staff-size 14.0)
\book {
\paper {
ragged-last-bottom = ##f
}
\new Score \with
{
\override VerticalAlignment #'max-stretch = #ly:align-interface::calc-max-stretch
}
{
\new GrandStaff
<<
\new StaffGroup
<<
\new Staff {c' d' e' f'}
\new Staff {c' d' e' f'}
\new Staff {c' d' e' f'}
>>
\new PianoStaff
<<
\new Staff {c' d' e' f'}
\new Staff \with {
\override VerticalAxisGroup #'keep-fixed-while-stretching = ##t
}
{c' d' e' f'}
>>
\new StaffGroup
<<
\new Staff {c' d' e' f'}
\new Staff {c' d' e' f'}
>>
>>
}
}
</pre>
<p>
<a href="../04/lily-b6cce799.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../04/lily-b6cce799.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p class="noindent">
<h5 class="subsubheading">See also</h5>
<p class="indent">
<p>Internals: Vertical alignment of staves is handled by the
<a name="index-VerticalAlignment-2575"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/VerticalAlignment.es.html#VerticalAlignment">VerticalAlignment</a> object. The context parameters
specifying the vertical extent are described in connection with
the <a name="index-Axis_005fgroup_005fengraver-2576"></a><a href="../lilypond-internals/Axis_005fgroup_005fengraver.es.html#Axis_005fgroup_005fengraver">Axis_group_engraver</a>.
<p>Example files: <!-- @lsr{spacing,page-spacing.ly}, -->
<!-- @lsr{spacing,alignment-vertical-spacing.ly}. -->
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<p>
Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Vertical-spacing-between-systems.es.html#Vertical-spacing-between-systems">Vertical spacing between systems</a>,
Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Vertical-spacing.es.html#Vertical-spacing">Vertical spacing</a>
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