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<title>meter - Music Glossary</title>
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<h3 class="section">1.182 meter</h3>
<p>ES: tiempo, compás,
I: tempo, misura,
F: indication de mesure, mesure,
D: Taktart, Metrum,
NL: maatsoort,
DK: taktart,
S: taktart,
FI: aika-arvo.
<p>The pattern of note values and accents in a composition or a section thereof.
There are a couple ways to classify ‘traditional’ meter (i.e. not polymeter):
by grouping beats and by subdividing the primary beat.
<p><b>By grouping beats</b>:
<ul>
<li><b>duple</b>: groups of two.
<li><b>triple</b>: groups of three.
<li><b>quadruple</b>: groups of four. A special case of duple meter.
<li><b>quintuple</b>: groups of five beats.
<li><b>sextuple</b> meter: groups of six. A special case of:
<ul>
<li>duple meter, subdivided in three; or
<li>triple meter, subdivided in two.
</ul>
<li><b>septuple</b> meter: groups of seven.
<li>and so on.
</ul>
<p>Other than triple meter and its subdivided variants (see below), meters that
feature odd groupings of beats (e.g. quintuple or septuple meter) are not
frequently used prior to the 20th Century.
<p><b>By subdividing the primary beat</b>:
<ul>
<li>simple: groups of two.
<ul>
<li>duple: 2/2, 2/4, 2/8
<li>triple: 3/2, 3/4, 3/8
<li>quadruple: 4/2, 4/4 (also called common time), 4/8
</ul>
<li>compound: groups of three.
<ul>
<li>duple: 6/8
<li>triple: 9/8
<li>quadruple: 12/8
</ul>
</ul>
<p>Time signatures are placed at the beginning of a composition (or section) to
indicate the meter. For instance, a piece written in simple triple meter with a
beat on each quarter note is conventionally written with a time signature of
3/4. Here are some combinations of the two classifications above:
<p>Simple duple meter (F.J. Haydn, 1732-1809; or a Croatian folk tune):
<p class="noindent"><p>
<a href="../7b/lily-2e3bdf26.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../7b/lily-2e3bdf26.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p>Simple triple meter:
<p class="noindent"><p>
<a href="../e1/lily-e0ee5897.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../e1/lily-e0ee5897.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p>Simple quadruple meter (French folk tune, <em>Au clair de la lune</em>):
<p class="noindent"><p>
<a href="../5c/lily-eeeae124.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../5c/lily-eeeae124.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p>Simple quintuple meter (B. Marcello, 1686-1739):
<p class="noindent"><p>
<a href="../f6/lily-c96601dd.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../f6/lily-c96601dd.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p>Compound duple meter (unknown):
<p class="noindent"><p>
<a href="../dd/lily-8314365c.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../dd/lily-8314365c.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p>Compound triple meter (J.S. Bach, 1685-1750):
<p class="noindent"><p>
<a href="../69/lily-92a75ee4.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../69/lily-92a75ee4.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p>Compound quadruple meter (P. Yon, 1886-1943):
<p class="noindent"><p>
<a href="../1e/lily-52796a24.ly">
<img align="middle"
border="0" src="../1e/lily-52796a24.png" alt="[image of music]">
</a>
</p>
<p><b>‘Monometer’ vs Polymeter</b>
<p>TODO: add information from discussion on lilypond-user related to polymeter.
<p class="noindent">
<h5 class="subsubheading">See also</h5>
<p class="indent">
<p><a href="accent.de.html#accent">accent</a>, <a href="hemiola.de.html#hemiola">hemiola</a>, <a href="note-value.de.html#note-value">note value</a>, <a href="time-signature.de.html#time-signature">time signature</a>
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