DNS HOWTO
Nicolai Langfeldt janl@math.uio.no
v2.1.1, 12 November 1998
ÀÌ½Â±Ô hanuel@edunet.kmec.net, ÀÌ¿î¾ïwulee@nownuri.net
v.2.0 1998³â 3¿ù 13ÀÏ
ÀÌ HOWTO´Â ½Ã°£À» Àû°Ô ÅõÀÚÇÏ¿© ÆíÇÏ°Ô DNS¸¦ °ü¸®ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
¸ñÂ÷
1. ¸Ó¸®¸»
1.1 Legal stuff
1.2 µµ¿ò¿¡ °¨»çµå¸®¸ç..., µµ¿òÀ» ºÎŹÇϸç...
1.3 Anne Line Norheim Langfeldt¿¡ ¹ÙÄ¡¸ç
2. ¼Ò°³AID CDATA intro(LABEL)LABEL
3. ij½Ã Àü¿ë ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö(Caching only name server)AID CDATA caching(LABEL)LABEL
3.1 named ½ÇÇà
4. µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» Çѹø ¼³Á¤ÇØ º¸ÀÚ.AID CDATA simple(LABEL)LABEL
4.1 ¸ÕÀú ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °Íµé
4.2 µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇØ º¸ÀÚ.
4.3 ¿ªº¯È¯ Á¸(The reverse zone)
5. µµ¸ÞÀÎ ¼³Á¤ÀÇ ½ÇÁ¦ ¿¹AID CDATA real-example(LABEL)LABEL
5.1 /etc/named.conf (¶Ç´Â /var/named/named.conf)
5.2 /var/named/root.hints
5.3 /var/named/zone/127.0.0
5.4 /var/named/zone/land-5.com
5.5 /var/named/zone/206.6.177
6. À¯Áö º¸¼öAID CDATA maint(LABEL)LABEL
7. ¹öÀü 4¿¡¼ ¹öÀü 8·ÎÀÇ ¸¶À̱׷¹À̼ÇAID CDATA bind8(LABEL)LABEL
8. Áú¹®°ú ´äAID CDATA qanda(LABEL)LABEL
9. ¸¹Àº ½Ã°£À» ÇÒ¾ÖÇÏ¿© DNS¸¦ °ü¸®ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¸é.AID CDATA bigger(LABEL)LABEL
______________________________________________________________________
1. ¸Ó¸®¸»
°Ë»ö¾î: DNS, bind, bind-4, bind-8, named, dialup, ppp, slip, isdn,
Internet, domain, name, hosts, resolving
1.1. Legal stuff
(C)opyright 1995 Nicolai Langfeldt. Do not modify without amending
copyright, distribute freely but retain copyright message.
1.2. µµ¿ò¿¡ °¨»çµå¸®¸ç..., µµ¿òÀ» ºÎŹÇϸç...
ÀÌ ¹®¼ ÃʾÈÀ» ¼öµµ ¾øÀÌ Àоî ÁÖ°í ¸¹Àº Á¦¾ÈÀ» ÇØÁØ Arnt Gulbrandsen
¾¾¿¡°Ô °¨»çÀÇ ¸»À» ÀüÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¼ø¼¿¡ ¸ÂÀ» °Í °°´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ e-mail·Î
ÀÇ°ß°ú À¯¿ëÇÑ ³»¿ëÀ» º¸³½ ÁØ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ôµµ °¨»çÀÇ ¸»À» ÀüÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹®¼´Â ¿Ï°áµÈ ¹®¼°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. DNS¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â
¹®Á¦Á¡À̳ª ±×¿¡ µû¸¥ ÇØ°áÃ¥µéÀÌ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ³»¿ëµéÀº e-mail·Î
º¸³» Áشٸé, ´ÙÀ½ ¹ø¿¡´Â ´õ ÁÁÀº DNS-HOWTO°¡ ³ª¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
money³ª ÀÇ°ß ¶Ç´Â Àǹ®Á¡Àº janl@math.uio.no ¾ÕÀ¸·Î º¸³» ÁÖ±æ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.
e-mailÀ» º¸³»±â Àü¿¡ ¹Ýµå½Ã ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ e-mail ÁÖ¼Ò°¡ ¿Ã¹Ù¸¥Áö È®ÀÎÇϵµ·Ï
ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¾ß ´ä½ÅÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ´ç¿¬ÇÑ À̾߱â ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¶ÇÇÑ ¸ÞÀÏÀ» º¸³»±â Àü¿¡ ``Áú¹®°ú ´ä'' ÀýÀ» ÀÐ¾î º¸±â ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.
ÀÌ HOWTO¸¦ ¹ø¿ªÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ³ª¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·Á Áֱ⠹ٶõ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é, ¾î¶²
¾ð¾î·Î ¹ø¿ªÀÌ µÇ¾ú´ÂÁö Á¤¸®ÇØ µÑ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ̸ç ÀÌ HOWTO°¡ °³Á¤µÉ ¶§
¾Ë·Á ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¿ªÀÚÀÇ ¸» : ÇÑ±Û ÆÇ¿¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ Àְųª ¿À¿ªÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é
haneul@edunet.kmec.netÀ¸·Î ¸ÞÀÏÀ» º¸³»ÁÖ±æ ¹Ù¶ø´Ï´Ù.
1.3. Anne Line Norheim Langfeldt¿¡ ¹ÙÄ¡¸ç
ÀÌ HOWTO¸¦ Anne Line Norheim Langfeldt¿¡ ¹ÙÄ£´Ù. ±×³à´Â ÀÌ ¹®¼¸¦ Àоî
º¸Áöµµ ¾Ê°ÚÁö¸¸, ±×³à´Â Á¤¸»·Î Ưº°ÇÑ ¿©ÀÚÀÌ´Ù.
2. ¼Ò°³
DNS¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©.
DNS´Â Domain Name SystemÀÇ ¾àÀÚÀÌ´Ù. Áï DNS´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ À̸§°ú IP ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦
»óÈ£ º¯È¯½ÃŲ´Ù. Áï, À̸§À» ÁÖ¼Ò·Î, ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ À̸§À¸·Î º¯È¯ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ
HOWTO¿¡¼´Â À̸§°ú ÁÖ¼Ò »çÀÌÀÇ ±×·¯ÇÑ ¸ÅÇÎÀ» ¸®´ª½º¿¡¼ Á¤ÀÇÇÏ¿©
¼ºñ½ºÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù. ¸ÅÇÎÀ̶õ ¾ÆÁÖ ´Ü¼øÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î À̸§°ú ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦
¼·Î °áÇÕ½ÃÄÑ µÐ °Í¿¡ Áö³ªÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. Áï, ftp.linux.org¿Í °°Àº À̸§°ú
199.249.150.4¿Í °°ÀÌ ¼ýÀÚ·Î µÈ IP¸¦ ¿¬°á½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Ãʺ¸ÀÚ(¿©·¯ºÐ ;-)¿¡°Ô DNS´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© °ü¸® ¿µ¿ª Áß¿¡¼µµ ²Ï ¸ðÈ£ÇÑ Æí¿¡
¼ÓÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ HOWTO¿¡¼´Â DNS¿¡ °üÇÑ ¸î °¡Áö ÁÖÁ¦¸¦ ¸íÈ®ÇÏ°Ô Àü´ÞÇÒ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. Áï, simple DNS¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýµéÀ» ¼³¸íÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿ì¼± ij½Ã
Àü¿ë ¼¹ö(Caching Only Server) ¼³Á¤ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ ÈÄ¿¡ 1Â÷ DNS(Primary
DNS)¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ¿© ƯÁ¤ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀÇ Name Resolving ¼ºñ½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ»
¼³¸íÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. º¸´Ù ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ¼³¸íÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ÀÌ ¹®¼¿¡¼ ``Áú¹®°ú
´ä'' ÀýÀ» Âü°íÇϱ⠹ٶõ´Ù. ``Áú¹®°ú ´ä'' Àý¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ³»¿ëÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸é,
Âü°í ¹®ÇåÀ» ÀÐ¾î º¸µµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. Âü°í ¹®ÇåÀº ÀÌ ¹®¼ÀÇ ``¸¶Áö¸· Àý''¿¡
¼ö·ÏÇØ µÎ¾ú´Ù.
¿ì¼± ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ¿© TelnetÀ¸·Î Á¢¼Ó °¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ°í, ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©
ÀÀ¿ë ÇÁ·Î±×·¥µéÀÌ ¿Ã¹Ù·Î ÀÛµ¿ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ȯ°æÀ»
¼³Á¤ÇÑ ´ÙÀ½, telnet 127.0.0.1 ¸í·ÉÀ» ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ¿© ÀÚ±â Àڽſ¡°Ô Á¢¼ÓÀÌ
µÇ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇÑ´Ù.(´çÀå È®ÀÎ!!) ±×¸®°í /etc/nsswitch.conf (¶Ç´Â
/etc/host.conf), /etc/resolv.conf, /etc/hosts ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ¿Ã¹Ù¸£°Ô ¼³Á¤µÇ¾î
ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÆÄÀϵéÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÑ ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é, NET-3-HOWTO¿Í PPP-
HOWTO¿¡ ÀÌ ÆÄÀϵéÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ¼³¸íµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸´Ï, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÆÄÀϵéÀ»
¼³Á¤ÇÑ ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é, NET-3-HOWTO¿Í PPP-HOWTO¸¦ ÀÐ¾î º¸µµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.
¾Æ¹«·± ¼ö½Ä¾î ¾øÀÌ `ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ'¶ó°í À̾߱⸦ ÇÒ ¶§´Â DNS·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦
¶æÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±âŸ ´Ù¸¥ ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦ ¶æÇÏ´Â ¸»ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¹Ç·Î È¥µ¿ÇÏÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï
ÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹®¼¿¡¼´Â ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ°¡ ¹æȺ® ¹Ù±ùÂÊ¿¡ Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¹æȺ®¿¡
°ü·ÃµÈ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¹æȺ® °ü·Ã ¼³Á¤ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ
°æ¿ì¿¡´Â ``Áú¹®°ú ´ä'' ÀýÀ» Âü°íÇÑ´Ù.
Unix¿¡¼ DNS ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº named¶ó°í ÇÏ´Â ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº
Internet Software ConsortiumÀÇ ¸â¹öÀÎ Paul Vixie ¾¾°¡ ¸¸µç bind
ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ÀϺκÐÀÌ´Ù. ¸®´ª½º ¹èÆ÷ÆÇ¿¡´Â ´ëºÎºÐ Named°¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖÀ¸¸ç
/usr/sbin/named¶ó´Â À̸§À¸·Î ¼³Ä¡µÈ´Ù. ÇöÀç ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ named°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸é,
±×³É »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é µÇÁö¸¸, ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ named°¡ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¸®´ª½º ftp
»çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼ ¹ÙÀ̳ʸ®¸¦ ±¸Çؼ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. namedÀÇ ¼Ò½º´Â
ftp.isc.org:/isc/bind/src/cur/bind-8/¿¡¼ ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ HOWTO´Â
bind ¹öÀü 8À» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÀüÁ¦·Î ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. bind 4¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌÀü ¹öÀü
HOWTO´Â http://www.math.uio.no/~janl/DNS/¿¡¼ ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. named
¸ÇÆäÀÌÁö¿¡¼ named.conf ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¾ð±ÞÇϸé, bind 8ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê°í
named.boot¿¡ ´ëÇؼ ¾ð±ÞÇϸé bind 4ÀÌ´Ù. bind 4ÀÎ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â º¸¾È ¹®Á¦°¡
ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î bind 8·Î ¾÷±×·¹À̵åÇϱ⠹ٶõ´Ù.
DNS´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© Àü¹Ý¿¡ ³Ð°Ô ºÐ»êµÈ µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£À̽º´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î »õ·Î¿î
Ç׸ñÀ» Ãß°¡ÇÒ ¶§´Â ½ÅÁßÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¾ûÅ͸®·Î µÈ Ç׸ñÀ» Ãß°¡ÇÏ¸é ±×
µµ¸ÞÀο¡ Á¢¼ÓÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀÌ ¾ûÅ͸® ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. DNS¸¦
Àß Á¤µ·ÇÏ°í ÀÏ°ü¼º ÀÖ°Ô ¿î¿µÇϸé ÁÁÀº °á°ú¸¦ ¾òÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. »ç¿ë ¹æ¹ý,
°ü¸® ¹æ¹ý, µð¹ö±× ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¹è¿ö¶ó. ±×·¯¸é ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ À߸øµÈ °ü¸® ¶§¹®¿¡
¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿À¹ö·Îµå¸¦ ¹Ì¿¬¿¡ ¹æÁöÇÏ¿© ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¸¦ ÈǸ¢È÷ °ü¸®ÇÒ ¼ö
ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹®¼¿¡¼ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ »ç½ÇÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ »çÇ×µµ »ç½ÇÀÎ °Íó·³ À̾߱â ÇÑ´Ù.
(Àû¾îµµ ¹Ý Á¤µµ´Â »ç½ÇÀÌ´Ù). ´Ü¼øÇÏ°Ô ¼³¸íÇϱâ À§ÇؼÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ
¹®¼¿¡¼ ¸»ÇÏ´Â °ÍµéÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù¸é (¾Æ¸¶µµ ;-) ¸ðµç °ÍÀº Á¦´ë·Î µÉ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Tip: ÆíÁýÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â ÆÄÀϵéÀ» ¸ðµÎ ¹é¾÷ÇØ µÎµµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¾ß¸¸ Á¦´ë·Î
ÀÛµ¿ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¶§ ¿ø·¡´ë·Î º¹±¸ÇϱⰡ ¿ëÀÌÇÏ´Ù.
3. ij½Ã Àü¿ë ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö(Caching only name server)
DNS ¼³Á¤ÀÇ Ã¹ ´Ü°è·Î ´ÙÀ̾ó¾÷ »ç¿ëÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¸Å¿ì À¯¿ëÇÏ´Ù.
ij½Ã Àü¿ë ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö(Caching only name server)´Â ³×ÀÓ Äõ¸®ÀÇ ÀÀ´äÀ»
ãÀº ÈÄ ±â¾ïÇØ µÎ¾ú´Ù°¡ ´ÙÀ½ ¹ø¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ ¶§ °ð ¹Ù·Î ÀÀ´äÇÑ´Ù. ƯÈ÷,
Á¢¼Ó ȸ¼±ÀÌ ´À¸° °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ±â´Ù¸®´Â ½Ã°£À» »ó´çÈ÷ ÁÙ¿© ÁÙ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¿ì¼± /etc/named.conf ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. named°¡ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¸é¼ ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀ»
ÀÐ¾î µéÀδÙ. ´çÀåÀº ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ ÆíÁýÇϵµ·Ï ÇÏÀÚ.
______________________________________________________________________
// Config file for caching only name server
options {
directory "/var/named";
// Uncommenting this might help if you have to go through a
// firewall and things are not working out:
// query-source port 53;
};
zone "." {
type hint;
file "root.hints";
};
zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "pz/127.0.0";
};
______________________________________________________________________
`directory'´Â ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¾îµð¿¡¼ ã¾Æ¾ß ÇÏ´ÂÁö named¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·Á ÁØ´Ù. ÀÌÈÄ
³ª¿À´Â ÆÄÀϵéÀº ¸ðµÎ ÀÌ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ó´ë °æ·ÎÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î pz´Â
/var/named µð·ºÅ丮ÀÇ ÇÏÀ§ µð·ºÅ丮ÀÌ´Ù. Áï, /var/named/pzÀÌ´Ù.
/var/named´Â Linux File system Standard¿¡ ¸í½ÃµÈ µð·ºÅ丮ÀÌ´Ù.
/var/named/root.hints¶ó´Â ÆÄÀÏÀÇ À̸§À» ¿©±â¿¡ Àû¾î ÁØ´Ù.
/var/named/root.hints ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ³»¿ëÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
. 6D IN NS G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.112.36.4
J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 198.41.0.10
K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 193.0.14.129
L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 198.32.64.12
M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 202.12.27.33
A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 198.41.0.4
H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 128.63.2.53
B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 128.9.0.107
C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.33.4.12
D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 128.8.10.90
E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.203.230.10
I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.36.148.17
F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.5.5.241
______________________________________________________________________
ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀº ÀÎÅͳÝÀÇ ·çÆ® ³×ÀÓ ¼¹öµéÀ» ÁöÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ù²î´Â °æ¿ì°¡
ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î Àß °ü¸®ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÃÖ½ÅÀ¸·Î À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº ``À¯Áö º¸¼ö
Àý''¸¦ Âü°íÇÑ´Ù.
±× ´ÙÀ½Àº ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸· Á¸(zone)ÀÌ´Ù. »ç¿ë¹ýÀº ´ÙÀ½ Àå¿¡¼
¼³¸íÇϱâ·Î ÇÏ°í Áö±ÝÀº ±×³É pz µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ 127.0.0 ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸¸µç´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
@ IN SOA ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
1 ; Serial
8H ; Refresh
2H ; Retry
1W ; Expire
1D) ; Minimum TTL
NS ns.linux.bogus.
1 PTR localhost.
______________________________________________________________________
/etc/resolv.conf ÆÄÀÏÀ» ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ÆíÁýÇÑ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
search subdomain.your-domain.edu your-domain.edu
nameserver 127.0.0.1
______________________________________________________________________
`search'´Â »ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ È£½ºÆ® ¸í¸¸ ÀÔ·ÂÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡ °Ë»öÇÒ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ»
ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. `nameserver'´Â »ç¿ëÇÒ ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. ÀÌ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â
³×ÀÓ¼¹ö¸¦ Á÷Á¢ ¿î¿µÇϹǷΠ»ç¿ëÀÚ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ IP ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ Àû´Â´Ù.
(127.0.0.1À» Àû¾î ÁÖ¸é ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾ø´Ù. »ç¿ëÀÚ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ IP ÁÖ¼Ò°¡
¾ø´Â °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ¹®Á¦¾øÀÌ ÀÛµ¿ÇÑ´Ù.) ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö¸¦ ¿©·¯ °³ »ç¿ëÇÏ·Á´Â
°æ¿ì¿¡´Â `nameserver' ¶óÀÎÀ» ¿©·¯ ¶óÀÎ µÎ¸é µÈ´Ù. (Âü°í:Named´Â ÀÌ
ÆÄÀÏÀ» ÀÐÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. named¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â resolver°¡ ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.)
ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ÀÛµ¿ ¹æ½Ä: Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®°¡ foo¸¦ Á¶È¸ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì ¸ÕÀú
foo.subdomain.your-domain.edu¸¦ ã´Â´Ù. ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î foo.your-fomain.edu¸¦
ã°í ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î foo¸¦ ã´Â´Ù. Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®°¡ sunsite.unc.edu¸¦ Á¶È¸ÇÏ´Â
°æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¸ÕÀú sunsite.unc.edu.subdomain.your-domain.eduÀ» ã´Â´Ù.
(¹°·Ð ¸ÛûÇϱä ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ·¸°Ô µ¿ÀÛÇÑ´Ù.) ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î
sunsite.unc.edu.your-domain.edu¸¦ ã°í ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î sunsite.unc.edu¸¦
ã´Â´Ù. search ¶óÀο¡ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀÌ ³Ê¹« ¸¹Àº¸é °Ë»ö ½Ã°£ÀÌ ²Ï ±æ¾îÁö°Ô
µÇ¹Ç·Î search¿¡ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ µÎÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¿¹¿¡¼ »ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ ¼ÓÇÑ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀÌ subdomain.your-domain.edu¶ó°í
°¡Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é »ç¿ëÀÚÀÇ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â your-machine.subdomain.your-
domain.edu°¡ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. `search' ¶óÀο¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¼ÓÇÑ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀÇ TLD(Top
Level Domain, ¿©±â¼´Â `edu')ÀÌ Æ÷ÇÔµÇÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ÁÖÀÇÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥
µµ¸ÞÀο¡ ¼ÓÇÑ È£½ºÆ®¿¡ ÀÚÁÖ Á¢¼ÓÀ» ÇÑ´Ù¸é ´ÙÀ½Ã³·³ `search'¿¡ °è¼ÓÇؼ
Ãß°¡ÇÏ´Â °Íµµ ³ª»ÚÁö´Â ¾Ê´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
search subdomain.your-domain.edu your-domain.edu other-domain.com
______________________________________________________________________
¿¹¿Í ¶È°°ÀÌ ¼³Á¤ÇÏÁö ¸»°í °¢ÀÚ ½ÇÁ¦·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â µµ¸ÞÀÎ ¸íÀ» ¸í½ÃÇÑ´Ù.
µµ¸ÞÀÎ ¸íÀÇ ³¡¿¡ Á¡(period)ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù´Â °Í¿¡µµ À¯ÀÇÇÑ´Ù.
´ÙÀ½ ´Ü°è´Â libcÀÇ ¹öÀü¿¡ µû¶ó ¾à°£ ´Þ¶óÁö´Âµ¥, /etc/nsswitch.conf
¶Ç´Â /etc/host.conf ÆÄÀÏÀ» ÆíÁýÇÑ´Ù. º¹ÀâÇÏ°Ô »ý°¢ÇÒ °Í ¾øÀÌ ÇöÀç
ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ nsswitch.conf¶ó´Â ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ±× ÆÄÀÏÀ» ÆíÁýÇÏ°í, ¾øÀ¸¸é
host.conf ÆÄÀÏÀ» ÆíÁýÇÑ´Ù.
/etc/nsswitch.conf
ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀº ¾à°£ ±ä ÆÄÀÏ·Î ¾î¶² ÆÄÀÏÀ̳ª µ¥ÀÌŸº£À̽º·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿©·¯ Á¾·ùÀÇ
Á¤º¸(È£½ºÆ® ¸í, ¾ÏÈ£, ½¦µµ¿ì ¾ÏÈ£, ±×·ì Á¤º¸, ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½º Á¤º¸ µî)¸¦ ¾ò¾î
¿Í¼ »ç¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö¸¦ ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. º¸Åë ÆÄÀÏ ½ÃÀÛ ºÎºÐ¿¡ µµ¿ò¸»ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î
ÀÐ¾î º¸¸é ÆíÁýÇÏ´Â µ¥¿¡ µµ¿òÀÌ µÈ´Ù. Áö±Ý ´çÀå ÀÐ¾î º¸±â ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.
`hosts:·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ¶óÀÎÀ» ã¾Æ º¸ÀÚ. ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¶óÀÎÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é
Á¤»óÀÌ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
hosts: files dns
______________________________________________________________________
`hosts:'·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ¶óÀÎÀÌ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â À§¿Í °°ÀÌ Ãß°¡Çϵµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù.
ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ Á¶È¸ÇÒ ¶§ ¸ÕÀú /etc/hosts ÆÄÀÏÀ» °Ë»çÇÏ°í ±×
ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ ãÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì resolv.conf¿¡ ¸í½ÃµÈ DNS¿¡¼ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ã´Â´Ù.
/etc/host.conf
ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀº º¸Åë ¿©·¯ ¶óÀÎÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ´Âµ¥, order·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ¶óÀÎÀÌ
ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°´Ù¸é Á¤»óÀÌ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
order hosts,bind
______________________________________________________________________
`order'·Î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ¶óÀÎÀÌ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â À§ÀÇ ¶óÀÎÀ» »ðÀÔÇÑ´Ù. ¸ÕÀú
/etc/hosts ÆÄÀÏÀ» ã¾Æ º¸°í ¾øÀ¸¸é ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö(resolv.conf ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼
127.0.0.1·Î ÁöÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù)¿¡¼ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ã´Â´Ù´Â ÀǹÌÀÌ´Ù. ¸®´ª½º
¹èÆ÷ÆÇ¿¡´Â ´ëºÎºÐ ÀÌ µÎ ÆÄÀÏÀ» resolv(8) ¸ÇÆäÀÌÁö(`man 8 resolv'¸¦
½ÇÇàÇØ º»´Ù.)¿¡¼ ¼³¸íÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. That man page is IMHO readable, and
everyone, especially DNS admins, should read it. Do it now, if you
say to yourself "I'll do it later" you'll never get around to it.
3.1. named ½ÇÇà
ÀÌÁ¦ named¸¦ ½ÌÇàÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù. ÀüÈ Á¢¼Ó »ç¿ëÀÚÀÎ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¿ì¼± Àüȸ¦
°É¾î Á¢¼ÓÀ» Çϵµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. `ndc start'¸¦ ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ°í ¿£Å͸¦ ´©¸¥´Ù. ´Ù¸¥
¿É¼ÇÀº ÇÊ¿ä ¾ø´Ù. Àß ¾ÈµÅ¸é `/usr/sbin/ndc start'¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡µµ
ÀÌ»óÇÏ´Ù¸é ``'' ÀýÀ» Âü°íÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ´ÂÁö ½ÃÇèÇØ
º¸ÀÚ. named°¡ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È message ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» »ìÆì º¸ÀÚ. º¸Åë
messages ÆÄÀÏÀº /var/adm/messages ÆÄÀÏÀÌÁö¸¸, °æ·Î°¡ /var/logÀÎ °æ¿ì°¡
ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÆÄÀϸíÀÌ syslogÀÎ °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ´Ù. tail -f /var/log/messages
¸í·ÉÀ¸·Î ³»¿ëÀ» È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö Àִµ¥, È®ÀÎ °á°ú°¡ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°´Ù¸é Á¤»óÀÌ´Ù.
(`\'´Â ´ÙÀ½ÁÙ°ú ¿¬°á µÇ¾úÀ½À» ¶æÇÑ´Ù.)
Feb 15 01:26:17 roke named[6091]: starting. named 8.1.1 Sat Feb 14 \
00:18:20 MET 1998 ^Ijanl@roke.uio.no:/var/tmp/bind-8.1.1/src/bin/named
Feb 15 01:26:17 roke named[6091]: cache zone "" (IN) loaded (serial 0)
Feb 15 01:26:17 roke named[6091]: master zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" \
(IN) loaded (serial 1)
Feb 15 01:26:17 roke named[6091]: listening [127.0.0.1].53 (lo)
Feb 15 01:26:17 roke named[6091]: listening [129.240.230.92].53 (ippp0)
Feb 15 01:26:17 roke named[6091]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].1040
Feb 15 01:26:17 roke named[6092]: Ready to answer queries.
¿¡·¯ ¸Þ½ÃÁö°¡ º¸À̸é Áß°£¿¡ ¹º°¡ ½Ç¼ö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¶æÀÌ´Ù. ¼³Á¤ÇÒ ¶§
½Ç¼öÇÑ ÆÄÀϸí(named.conf³ª root.hintsÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù)À» named°¡ º¸¿© ÁÙ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. named¸¦ Á×ÀÌ°í ±× ÆÄÀÏÀ» Á¡°ËÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌÁ¦ nslookupÀ¸·Î named°¡ Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ´ÂÁö Á¡°ËÇÒ Â÷·ÊÀÌ´Ù.
$ nslookup
Default Server: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1
>
À§¿Í °°´Ù¸é Á¦´ë·Î µÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯±â¸¦ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù. ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê´Ù¸é óÀ½ºÎÅÍ
´Ù½Ã °Ë»çÇÑ´Ù. named.conf¸¦ ¼öÁ¤ÇÒ ¶§¸¶´Ù ndc restart ¸í·ÉÀ¸·Î named¸¦
Àç½ÃÀÛ½ÃÄÑ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌÁ¦ Äõ¸®¸¦ ÀÔ·ÂÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±Ùó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦ ã¾Æ º¸ÀÚ. Oslo
´ëÇп¡ ÀÖ´Â pat.uio.no°¡ ÀúÀÚ¿¡°Ô´Â pat.uio.no°¡ °¡±õ´Ù.
> pat.uio.no
Server: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1
Name: pat.uio.no
Address: 129.240.130.16
nslookupÀÌ ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ named¿¡°Ô pat.uio.no ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦ ãµµ·Ï
¿äûÇß´Ù. ±×·¡¼ named´Â root.hints ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö Áß Çϳª¿¡
Á¢¼ÓÇÑ ÈÄ ±× ÀÀ´äÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. /etc/resolv.conf¿¡ ½á ³ÖÀº µµ¸ÞÀεéÀ» ¸ðµÎ
°Ë»öÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ±×¸¸Å ½Ã°£ÀÌ °É¸± °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¶È°°Àº ¿äûÀ» ´Ù½Ã ÇÑ´Ù¸é ´ÙÀ½ ó·³ º¸ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
> pat.uio.no
Server: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1
Non-authoritative answer:
Name: pat.uio.no
Address: 129.240.2.50
`Non-authoritative answer:' ¶óÀο¡ À¯ÀÇÇÏÀÚ. ÀÌ ¶óÀÎÀº ¿ÜºÎ·Î ³ª°¡Áö
¾Ê°í ´ë½Å ij½Ã¸¦ °Ë»çÇÏ¿© ã¾Æ ¿ÔÀ½À» ¶æÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ij½Ã¿¡ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Â
Á¤º¸´Â ¿À·¡µÇ¾î ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â º¯°æµÈ °æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¡¼ °æ°íÀÇ ¶æÀ¸·Î
`Non-authorative answer:'¸¦ º¸¿© ÁØ´Ù. ¾î¶² È£½ºÆ®¿¡ ´ëÇØ µÎ ¹ø°
ÁúÀÇÇßÀ» ¶§ nslookupÀÌ ÀÌ ¸Þ½ÃÁö¸¦ º¸¿© Áشٸé, named°¡ Á¤º¸¸¦ ij½Ã¿¡
ÀúÀåÇÏ¿´´Ù°¡ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù´Â ¶æÀÌ´Ù. Áï, Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÛµ¿ÇÑ´Ù´Â ¶æÀÌ´Ù.
`exitÀ» ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ¿© nslookupÀ» Á¾·áÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌÁ¦ ij½Ã Àü¿ë DNS(Caching Only DNS) ¼³Á¤ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¾Ë¾Ò´Ù. ÀÚÃàÇÏ´Â
¶æÀ¸·Î ¸ÆÁÖ³ª ¿ìÀ¯¸¦ ÇÑ ÀÜÇÏ´Â °Ç ¾î¶³±î?
4. µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» Çѹø ¼³Á¤ÇØ º¸ÀÚ.
µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â °£´ÜÇÑ ¹æ¹ý
4.1. ¸ÕÀú ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °Íµé
ÀÌ ÀýÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇϱâ Àü¿¡ DNS°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô µ¿ÀÛÇÏ´ÂÁö ¾à°£ÀÇ ÀÌ·ÐÀ»
¼³¸íÇÏ°Ú´Ù. ÀÐ¾î µÎ¸é ¸¹Àº µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °è¼Ó Àд °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù.
ÀÐ°í ½ÍÁö ¾Ê´õ¶óµµ ´ëÃæ ÈÈ¾î º¸±â´Â ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¾î°µç named.conf¿¡
°üÇÑ ³»¿ëºÎÅÍ´Â ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ÀÐ¾î¼ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ÀÌÇØÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
DNS´Â °èÃþÀûÀÎ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ´Ù. ÃÖ»óÀ§ °èÃþÀº `.'À¸·Î Àû°í `·çÆ®'·Î
¹ßÀ½ÇÑ´Ù. `.' ¾Æ·¡·Î ORG, COM, EDU, NET °°Àº ÃÖ»óÀ§ µµ¸ÞÀÎ(TLDs: Top
Level Domains)ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
¾î¶² ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦ ãÀ» ¶§, Äõ¸®´Â ÃÖ»óÀ§ °èÃþ¿¡¼ºÎÅÍ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿© ÇÏÀ§
°èÃþÀ¸·Î ã¾Æ ³»·Á °£´Ù. prep.ai.mit.edu¸¦ ã´Â °æ¿ì »ç¿ëÀÚÀÇ ³×ÀÓ
¼¹ö´Â edu µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö¸¦ ã¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¼ .
¼¹ö¿¡¼ ÁúÀÇÇÏ°Ô µÇ°í ±×·¯¸é . ¼¹ö´Â edu µµ¸ÞÀÎ ´ã´ç ¼¹öµéÀÇ ¸ñ·ÏÀ»
³Ñ°Ü ÁØ´Ù. (ÀÌ¹Ì . ¼¹ö¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â »ç¿ëÀÚÀÇ ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö°¡ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Ù.
¿Ö³ÄÇϸé, root.hints ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ ¸í½ÃÇØ ÁÖ¾ú±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.)
$ nslookup
Default Server: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1
·çÆ® ¼¹ö¿¡ ÁúÀÇ ½ÃÀÛ
> server c.root-servers.net.
Default Server: c.root-servers.net
Address: 192.33.4.12
Äõ¸® À¯ÇüÀ» NS·Î ¼³Á¤ (name server records):
> set q=ns
edu¿¡ °üÇØ ÁúÀÇ
> edu.
¿©±â¿¡¼ ¸¶Áö¸· ÄÀÇ .ÀÌ Áß¿äÇѵ¥, . ¾Æ·¡¿¡ ÀÖ´Â edu µµ¸ÞÀο¡ ´ëÇØ
ÁúÀÇÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½À» ¶æÇÑ´Ù. (ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á °Ë»ö ¹üÀ§¸¦ Ãà¼ÒÇÑ´Ù.)
edu nameserver = A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET
edu nameserver = H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET
edu nameserver = B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET
edu nameserver = C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET
edu nameserver = D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET
edu nameserver = E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET
edu nameserver = I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET
edu nameserver = F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET
edu nameserver = G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET
A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET internet address = 198.41.0.4
H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET internet address = 128.63.2.53
B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET internet address = 128.9.0.107
C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET internet address = 192.33.4.12
D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET internet address = 128.8.10.90
E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET internet address = 192.203.230.10
I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET internet address = 192.36.148.17
F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET internet address = 192.5.5.241
G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET internet address = 192.112.36.4
À§ÀÇ °á°ú·Î *.root-servers.netÀÌ edu. ´ã´ç ¼¹öÀÓÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦
°è¼ÓÇؼ c ¼¹ö¿¡°Ô ÁúÀÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. À̹ø¿¡´Â ¾î´À ¼¹ö°¡ mit.edu.
µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ´ÂÁö ¾Ë¾Æ º¸ÀÚ. °è¼ÓÇؼ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ mit.edu.À»
ÀÔ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
> mit.edu.
Server: c.root-servers.net
Address: 192.33.4.12
Non-authoritative answer:
mit.edu nameserver = W20NS.mit.edu
mit.edu nameserver = BITSY.mit.edu
mit.edu nameserver = STRAWB.mit.edu
Authoritative answers can be found from:
W20NS.mit.edu internet address = 18.70.0.160
BITSY.mit.edu internet address = 18.72.0.3
STRAWB.mit.edu internet address = 18.71.0.151
steawb, w20ns¿Í bitsy ¼¹ö°¡ mit¸¦ ´ã´çÇÑ´Ù. ±× Áß Çϳª¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÏ¿©
ai.mit.edu¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÁúÀÇÇØ º¸ÀÚ.
> server W20NS.mit.edu.
È£½ºÆ®¸íÀº ´ë¼Ò¹®ÀÚ¸¦ ±¸º°ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ´Ù¸¸ ¸¶¿ì½º·Î ȸéÀ» ±Ü¾î
ºÙ¿©¼ ÀÌ·¸°Ô º¸ÀδÙ.
Server: W20NS.mit.edu
Address: 18.70.0.160
> ai.mit.edu.
Server: W20NS.mit.edu
Address: 18.70.0.160
Non-authoritative answer:
ai.mit.edu nameserver = ALPHA-BITS.AI.MIT.EDU
ai.mit.edu nameserver = GRAPE-NUTS.AI.MIT.EDU
ai.mit.edu nameserver = TRIX.AI.MIT.EDU
ai.mit.edu nameserver = MUESLI.AI.MIT.EDU
ai.mit.edu nameserver = LIFE.AI.MIT.EDU
ai.mit.edu nameserver = BEET-CHEX.AI.MIT.EDU
ai.mit.edu nameserver = MINI-WHEATS.AI.MIT.EDU
ai.mit.edu nameserver = COUNT-CHOCULA.AI.MIT.EDU
ai.mit.edu nameserver = MINTAKA.LCS.MIT.EDU
Authoritative answers can be found from:
AI.MIT.EDU nameserver = ALPHA-BITS.AI.MIT.EDU
AI.MIT.EDU nameserver = GRAPE-NUTS.AI.MIT.EDU
AI.MIT.EDU nameserver = TRIX.AI.MIT.EDU
AI.MIT.EDU nameserver = MUESLI.AI.MIT.EDU
AI.MIT.EDU nameserver = LIFE.AI.MIT.EDU
AI.MIT.EDU nameserver = BEET-CHEX.AI.MIT.EDU
AI.MIT.EDU nameserver = MINI-WHEATS.AI.MIT.EDU
AI.MIT.EDU nameserver = COUNT-CHOCULA.AI.MIT.EDU
AI.MIT.EDU nameserver = MINTAKA.LCS.MIT.EDU
ALPHA-BITS.AI.MIT.EDU internet address = 128.52.32.5
GRAPE-NUTS.AI.MIT.EDU internet address = 128.52.36.4
TRIX.AI.MIT.EDU internet address = 128.52.37.6
MUESLI.AI.MIT.EDU internet address = 128.52.39.7
LIFE.AI.MIT.EDU internet address = 128.52.32.80
BEET-CHEX.AI.MIT.EDU internet address = 128.52.32.22
MINI-WHEATS.AI.MIT.EDU internet address = 128.52.54.11
COUNT-CHOCULA.AI.MIT.EDU internet address = 128.52.38.22
MINTAKA.LCS.MIT.EDU internet address = 18.26.0.36
À§ÀÇ °á°ú¿¡¼ museli.ai.mit.edu°¡ ai.mit.edu ´ã´ç ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö Áß
ÇϳªÀÓÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ ÁúÀÇÇØ º¸ÀÚ.
> server MUESLI.AI.MIT.EDU
Default Server: MUESLI.AI.MIT.EDU
Address: 128.52.39.7
³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö¸¦ ã¾ÒÀ¸¹Ç·Î ÀÌÁ¦ Äõ¸® À¯ÇüÀ» ¹Ù²ã¼ prep.ai.mit.edu¿¡ °üÇÑ
¸ðµç »çÇ×À» ÁúÀÇÇØ º¸ÀÚ.
> set q=any
> prep.ai.mit.edu.
Server: MUESLI.AI.MIT.EDU
Address: 128.52.39.7
prep.ai.mit.edu CPU = dec/decstation-5000.25 OS = unix
prep.ai.mit.edu
inet address = 18.159.0.42, protocol = tcp
ftp telnet smtp finger
prep.ai.mit.edu preference = 1, mail exchanger = gnu-life.ai.mit.edu
prep.ai.mit.edu internet address = 18.159.0.42
ai.mit.edu nameserver = beet-chex.ai.mit.edu
ai.mit.edu nameserver = alpha-bits.ai.mit.edu
ai.mit.edu nameserver = mini-wheats.ai.mit.edu
ai.mit.edu nameserver = trix.ai.mit.edu
ai.mit.edu nameserver = muesli.ai.mit.edu
ai.mit.edu nameserver = count-chocula.ai.mit.edu
ai.mit.edu nameserver = mintaka.lcs.mit.edu
ai.mit.edu nameserver = life.ai.mit.edu
gnu-life.ai.mit.edu internet address = 128.52.32.60
beet-chex.ai.mit.edu internet address = 128.52.32.22
alpha-bits.ai.mit.edu internet address = 128.52.32.5
mini-wheats.ai.mit.edu internet address = 128.52.54.11
trix.ai.mit.edu internet address = 128.52.37.6
muesli.ai.mit.edu internet address = 128.52.39.7
count-chocula.ai.mit.edu internet address = 128.52.38.22
mintaka.lcs.mit.edu internet address = 18.26.0.36
life.ai.mit.edu internet address = 128.52.32.80
ÀÌ·¸°Ô Çؼ .·ÎºÎÅÍ ½ÃÀÛÇؼ µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â Àü´Ü°èÀÇ ³×ÀÓ
¼¹öµéÀ» ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î ã¾Ò´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¼¹ö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ DNS
¼¹ö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇß´Ù¸é ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ named´Â ´ç¿¬È÷ ±× ¸ðµç Á¤º¸µéÀ» º¸°üÇØ
µÎ¾úÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ´çºÐ°£Àº °°Àº ÁúÀǸ¦ ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¸¹ÀÌ °Å·ÐµÇÁö´Â ¾ÊÁö¸¸ Áß¿äÇÑ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀÌ in-addr.arpa ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ µµ¸ÞÀÎ
¿ª½Ã Á¤»ó µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» ±¸¼ºÇÑ´Ù. in-addr.arpa´Â È£½ºÆ®ÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ¾Ë°í ÀÖÀ»
¶§ ±× À̸§À» ¾Ë·ÁÁØ´Ù. ¿©±â¼ ÁÖÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÒ Á¡Àº in-addr.arpa
µµ¸ÞÀο¡¼´Â ip ¼ýÀÚµéÀÌ ¿ª¼øÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 192.128.52.43
ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì, prep.ai.mit.eduÀÇ ¿¹Ã³·³ 'named'´Â
arpa. ¼¹ö¸¦ ã´Â´Ù. ±× ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î in-addr.arpa. ¼¹ö¸¦ ã°í, 192.in-
addr.arpa. ¼¹ö¸¦ ãÀº ´ÙÀ½, 128.192.in-addr.arpa. ¼¹ö¸¦ ã¾Æ¼
52.128.192.in-addr.arpa. ¼¹ö¸¦ ã´Â´Ù. ±×¸®°í´Â 43.52.128.192.in-
addr.arpa.¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â Ç׸ñÀ» ã´Â´Ù. ¶È¶ÈÇÏÁÒ?(±×·¸´Ù°í ¸»Çϱæ... )
¼ýÀÚ¸¦ ¿ª¼øÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº óÀ½ 2³â Á¤µµ´Â È¥¶õ½º·¯¿ï ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
»ç½Ç ÇÊÀÚ´Â Áö±Ý±îÁö °ÅÁþ¸»À» Çß´Ù. DNS´Â ÀúÀÚ°¡ À̾߱âÇÑ ±ÛÀÚ ±×´ë·Î
ÀÛµ¿ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±×·¸Áö¸¸ ±× Àǹ̴ ÃæºÐÇÏ´Ù.
4.2. µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇØ º¸ÀÚ.
ÀÌÁ¦´Â °£´ÜÇÏ°Ô¶óµµ Çѹø µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇØ º¸ÀÚ. linux.bogus¶ó´Â
µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» Á¤ÇÏ°í ±×±â¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ ÄÄÇ»Å͵éÀÇ À̸§À» Á¤ÀÇÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¾î´À
´©±¸µµ È¥µ¿ÇÏÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â Á¸ÀçÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê´Â µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» »ç¿ëÇÒ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
½ÃÀÛÇϱâ Àü¿¡ Çϳª ´õ: ¸ðµç ¹®ÀÚ¸¦ È£½ºÆ®¸íÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº
¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¿µ¹®ÀÚ: a-z, ¼ýÀÚ: 0-9, ±×¸®°í '-' (dash) ¹®ÀÚ¸¸ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö
ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹®ÀÚµéÀ» ¸í½ÉÇ϶ó. ´ë¹®ÀÚ³ª ¼Ò¹®ÀÚ³ª DNS¿¡°Ô´Â ¸¶Âù°¡Áö´Ù.
±×·¡¼ pat.uio.noÀº Pat.UiO.No¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÏ´Ù.
named.conf¿¡¼ ¾Æ·¡ ºÎºÐ ¼³Á¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ÍÀº ÀÌ¹Ì ¼³¸íÇß´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "pz/127.0.0";
};
______________________________________________________________________
ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸·¿¡ `.'ÀÌ ¾øÀ½¿¡ À¯ÀÇÇÏÀÚ. À§ÀÇ ¼³Á¤
Áß Ã¹¹ø° ¶óÀÎÀº 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa Á¸(zone)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤ÀÇÀÓÀ» ¶æÇÏ°í,
µÎ¹ø° ¶óÀÎÀÎ ÀÌ ¼¹ö°¡ 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa Á¸ÀÇ ¸¶½ºÅÍ ¼¹öÀÓÀ»
¶æÇϸç, ¸¶Áö¸· ¶óÀÎÀº È£½ºÆ®¸í°ú IP ÁÖ¼Ò »çÀÌÀÇ ¸ÅÇÎ Á¤º¸°¡ ps/127.0.0
ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ÀúÀåµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ½À» ¶æÇÑ´Ù. ps/127.0.0 ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â À̹Ì
¼³¸íÇÏ¿´´Ù. ³»¿ëÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
@ IN SOA ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
1 ; Serial
8H ; Refresh
2H ; Retry
1W ; Expire
1D) ; Minimum TTL
NS ns.linux.bogus.
1 PTR localhost.
______________________________________________________________________
À§ÀÇ named.conf ÆÄÀÏ°ú´Â ´ëÁ¶ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼´Â ¿ÏÀüÇÑ µµ¸ÞÀθí(full
domain name)ÀÇ ³¡¿¡´Â ¸ðµÎ `.'ÀÌ ÀÖÀ½¿¡ À¯ÀÇÇÏÀÚ. Some people like to
start each zone file with a $ORIGIN directive, but this is
superfluous. The origin (where in the DNS hierarchy it belongs) of a
zone file is specified on the zone section of the named.conf file, in
this case it's 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa.
ÀÌ `Á¸(zone) ÆÄÀÏ'¿¡´Â `resource records' (RRs)°¡ 3°³ ÀÖ´Ù. SOA, NS,
±×¸®°í PTRÀÌ´Ù. SOA´Â `Start Of Authority'ÀÇ Ãà¾à¾îÀÌ´Ù. `@'Àº
originÀ» ¶æÇϴ Ư¼ö¹®ÀÚÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ `µµ¸ÞÀÎ' Ç׸ñÀÌ
0.0.127.in-addr.arpa À̹ǷΠùÁÙÀÇ Àǹ̴ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
0.0.127.in-addr.arpa. IN SOA ...
NS´Â ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö RRÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ÁÙ¿¡´Â óÀ½¿¡ '@' ¹®ÀÚ°¡ ¾ø´Ù. ¹Ù·Î À§¿¡¼
Ÿ¼öµµ ÁÙÀÏ°â.. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î NS ÁÙÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
0.0.127.in-addr.arpa. IN NS ns.linux.bogus
0.0.127.in-addr.arpa µµ¸ÞÀÎÀÇ ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö°¡ ns.linux.bogusÀÓÀ» ´Ù¸¥
DNSµé¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·Á ÁØ´Ù. 'ns'°¡ ³×ÀÓ ¼¹öÀÇ À̸§À¸·Î °ü·Êó·³ ¾²ÀδÙ.
±×·¯³ª À¥¼¹öÀÇ À̸§ÀÌ °ü·ÊÀûÀ¸·Î www.somethingÀÌµí ´Ù¸¥ À̸§À»
»ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °Íµµ ¹«¹æÇÏ´Ù.
¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î PTR Ç׸ñÀº 0.0.127.in-addr.arpa ¼ºê³Ý¿¡¼ ÁÖ¼Ò°¡ 1ÀÎ
È£½ºÆ®, Áï 127.0.0,1ÀÇ À̸§ÀÌ localhostÀÓÀ» ¶æÇÑ´Ù.
SOA Ç׸ñÀº Á¸ ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ¸Ó¸®¸»·Î °¢ Á¸ ÆÄÀϸ¶´Ù ²À Çϳª¾¿, ùÁÙ¿¡ ¹Ýµå½Ã
ÀÖ¾î¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ Ç׸ñÀº ÇöÀç ¼³Á¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â Primary ³×ÀÓ ¼¹öÀÇ À̸§Àº
¹«¾ùÀÎÁö (ns.linux.bogus), °ü¸®ÀÚ´Â ´©±¸ÀÎÁö,
(hostmaster@linux.bogus), Á¸ ÆÄÀÏÀº ¹öÀüÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô µÇ´ÂÁö (serial: 1),
ij½Ã ¼³Á¤°ú secondary DNS ¼¹ö¿¡ °üÇÑ ³»¿ëÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ³²Àº Ç׸ñµéÀº
refresh, retry, expire, ±×¸®°í minimumÀε¥, ÀÌ ¹®¼¿Í µ¿ÀÏÇÑ °ªÀ¸·Î
¼³Á¤Çϸé, Å©°Ô ½Å°æ¾²Áö ¾Ê¾Æµµ Àß ÀÛµ¿ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌÁ¦ ndc restart ¸í·ÉÀ¸·Î named¸¦ Àç½ÃÀÛÇÏ°í nslookupÀ¸·Î Áö±Ý±îÁö
¼³Á¤ÇÑ °ÍÀ» ½ÃÇèÇØ º¸ÀÚ.
$ nslookup
Default Server: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1
> 127.0.0.1
Server: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1
Name: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1
À§¿¡¼ IP 127.0.0.1¿¡ ¸ÅÇÎµÈ È£½ºÆ®¸í localhost¸¦ ã´Âµ¥ ¼º°øÇß´Ù.
±Â ÀÌÁ¦ named.conf¿¡ Á¸(zone)À» »õ·Î Ãß°¡ÇÏ¿© ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÁÖ¸ñÀûÀÎ
linux.bogus µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇØ º¸ÀÚ.
______________________________________________________________________
zone "linux.bogus" {
notify no;
type master;
file "pz/linux.bogus";
};
______________________________________________________________________
named.conf ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓ ¸¶Áö¸·¿¡ `.'ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù´Â °Í¿¡ ÁÖÀÇÇϵµ·Ï
ÇÑ´Ù.
linux.bogus Á¸ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ 100% °¡»ó µ¥ÀÌŸ¸¦ »ðÀÔÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
;
; Zone file for linux.bogus
;
; The full zone file
;
@ IN SOA ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
199802151 ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
8H ; refresh, seconds
2H ; retry, seconds
1W ; expire, seconds
1D ) ; minimum, seconds
;
NS ns ; Inet Address of name server
MX 10 mail.linux.bogus ; Primary Mail Exchanger
MX 20 mail.friend.bogus. ; Secondary Mail Exchanger
;
localhost A 127.0.0.1
ns A 192.168.196.2
mail A 192.168.196.4
______________________________________________________________________
SOA Ç׸ñ¿¡¼ 2°¡Áö¸¦ ÁÖÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ns.linux.bogus´Â A ·¹Äڵ尡 ÀÖ´Â
½ÇÁ¦ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀ̾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. SOA ·¹Äڵ忡¼ ¾ð±ÞµÈ ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦ ´Ù¸¥ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ·Î
¾Ë¸®¾Æ½ÌÇÏ´Â CNAME ·¹Äڵ尡 ÀÖÀ¸¸é ±ÔÄ¢¿¡ ¾î±ß³´Ù. À̸§ÀÌ `ns'ÀÏ
ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾øÀ¸¸ç ´Ù¸¥ È£½ºÆ®¸íÀ» »ç¿ëÇصµ ¹«¹æÇÏ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î,
hostmaster.linux.bogus´Â hostmaster@linux.bogus·Î ÀÐÀ¸¸é µÈ´Ù. DNS
°ü¸®ÀÚÀÇ ¸ÞÀÏ ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½º³ª ¸ÞÀϹڽº¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â °÷ÀÌ´Ù. µµ¸ÞÀÎ °ü·Ã
¸ÞÀÏÀº ¸ðµÎ ÀÌ ÁÖ¼Ò·Î ¹è´ÞµÈ´Ù. À̸§ÀÌ `hostmaster'ÀÏ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø´Ù.
ÀüÀÚ¿ìÆí ÁÖ¼Ò¶ó¸é ¾î¶² °ÍÀ» »ç¿ëÇصµ »ó°ü¾øÁö¸¸, `hostmaster'¸¦
»ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °Íµµ ³ª»ÚÁö ¾Ê´Ù.
ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡´Â MX(Mail eXchanger)¶ó´Â »õ·Î¿î RR À¯ÇüÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
someone@linux.bogusÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò·Î µé¾î¿À´Â ¸ÞÀÏÀ» ó¸®ÇÒ ¸ÞÀÏ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ»
ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. À§ÀÇ ¿¹¿¡¼ someone@linux.bogus ÁÖ¼Ò·Î ¼ö½ÅµÇ´Â ¸ÞÀÏÀº
mail.linux.bogus ¶Ç´Â mail.friend.bogus·Î º¸³½´Ù. È£½ºÆ®¸í ¹Ù·Î ¾Õ¿¡
ÀÖ´Â ¼ýÀÚ´Â MX Ç׸ñÀÇ ¿ì¼± ¼øÀ§À» ¶æÇÑ´Ù. ¸ÞÀÏÀº ÀÌ ¼ýÀÚ°¡ °¡Àå
³·Àº(¿©±â¼´Â 10) RR¿¡ ¸ÞÀÏÀ» º¸³½´Ù. ¿©±â¼ ½ÇÆÐÇÏ¸é ¼ýÀÚ°¡ ±×
´ÙÀ½À¸·Î ³·Àº µÎ¹ø° ¸ÞÀÏ ¼¹ö Áï, ¿ì¼± ¼øÀ§°¡ 20ÀÏ
mail.friend.bogusÀ¸·Î º¸³¾ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ndc restart·Î 'named'¸¦ Àç½ÃÀÛÇÑ ´ÙÀ½ nslookupÀ¸·Î °á°ú¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÏÀÚ.
$ nslookup
> set q=any
> linux.bogus
Server: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1
linux.bogus
origin = ns.linux.bogus
mail addr = hostmaster.linux.bogus
serial = 199802151
refresh = 28800 (8 hours)
retry = 7200 (2 hours)
expire = 604800 (7 days)
minimum ttl = 86400 (1 day)
linux.bogus nameserver = ns.linux.bogus
linux.bogus preference = 10, mail exchanger = mail.linux.bogus.linux.bogus
linux.bogus preference = 20, mail exchanger = mail.friend.bogus
linux.bogus nameserver = ns.linux.bogus
ns.linux.bogus internet address = 192.168.196.2
mail.linux.bogus internet address = 192.168.196.4
À§ °á°ú¸¦ Àß »ìÆ캸¸é ¹ö±×¸¦ ãÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
linux.bogus preference = 10, mail exchanger = mail.linux.bogus.linux.bogus
À§ ¶óÀÎÀº Ʋ·È´Ù. ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ Ãâ·ÂµÇ¾î¾ß Á¤»óÀÌ´Ù.
linux.bogus preference = 10, mail exchanger = mail.linux.bogus
¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ Á» ´õ Àß ÀÌÇØÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÀÌ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ÀϺη¯ ³Ö¾î
µÎ¾ú´Ù. ;-) Á¸ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ ´ÙÀ½ ¶óÀÎÀ» ãµµ·Ï ÇÏÀÚ.
MX 10 mail.linux.bogus ; Primary Mail Exchanger
¸¶Áö¸·¿¡ Á¡ÀÌ ºüÁ³´Ù. °íÄ¡Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é `linux.bogus'°¡ ºÙ¾î ³ª¿À°Ô µÈ´Ù.
Á¸ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ È£½ºÆ®¸íÀÌ Á¡À¸·Î ³¡³ªÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é
linux.bogus.linux.bogusó·³ originÀÌ Ã·ºÎµÈ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î
______________________________________________________________________
MX 10 mail.linux.bogus. ; Primary Mail Exchanger
______________________________________________________________________
¶Ç´Â
______________________________________________________________________
MX 10 mail ; Primary Mail Exchanger
______________________________________________________________________
·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿Ã¹Ù¸£´Ù. ÀúÀڴ ŸÀÌÇÎ ¼ö°¡ ÀûÀº ÈÄÀÚ¸¦ ´õ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÑ´Ù.
bind¸¦ Àß ¾Æ´Â »ç¿ëÀÚµé Áß¿¡´Â ¿©±â¿¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ°í,
µ¿ÀÇÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ´Ù. Áö¿ª ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀº `.'À¸·Î ³¡³ª°Ô ¿ÏÀüÈ÷
Àû°Å³ª ¾Æ´Ï¸é µðÆúÆ®ÀÎ origin¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â ºÎºÐÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏÁö ¸»¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
°Á¶Çϰǵ¥ named.conf ÆÄÀÏ¿¡¼´Â µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓÀÇ ³¡¿¡ `.'ÀÌ ¾ø¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
`.'ÀÌ ÀÖ°í ¾øÀ½ÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª ÀÏÀ» ²¿ÀÌ°Ô ¸¸µé°í »ç¶÷µéÀ» È¥¶õ½º·´°Ô
¸¸µå´ÂÁö »ó»óµµ ¸øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¿©±â ÀúÀÚÀÇ °ßÇØ°¡ ¹Ý¿µµÈ »õ·Î¿î Á¸ ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÚ·á°¡ ¾à°£ ´õÇØÁ³´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
;
; Zone file for linux.bogus
;
; The full zone file
;
@ IN SOA ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
199802151 ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
8H ; refresh, seconds
2H ; retry, seconds
1W ; expire, seconds
1D ) ; minimum, seconds
;
TXT "Linux.Bogus, your DNS consultants"
NS ns ; Inet Address of name server
NS ns.friend.bogus.
MX 10 mail ; Primary Mail Exchanger
MX 20 mail.friend.bogus. ; Secondary Mail Exchanger
localhost A 127.0.0.1
gw A 192.168.196.1
HINFO "Cisco" "IOS"
TXT "The router"
ns A 192.168.196.2
MX 10 mail
MX 20 mail.friend.bogus.
HINFO "Pentium" "Linux 2.0"
www CNAME ns
donald A 192.168.196.3
MX 10 mail
MX 20 mail.friend.bogus.
HINFO "i486" "Linux 2.0"
TXT "DEK"
mail A 192.168.196.4
MX 10 mail
MX 20 mail.friend.bogus.
HINFO "386sx" "Linux 1.2"
ftp A 192.168.196.5
MX 10 mail
MX 20 mail.friend.bogus.
HINFO "P6" "Linux 2.1.86"
______________________________________________________________________
À§¿¡ »õ·Î¿î RRÀÌ ²Ï ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. HINFO(Host INFOrmation)Àº µÎ ºÎºÐÀ¸·Î
À̷ξîÁ® Àִµ¥ °¢°¢À» Å«µû¿ÈÇ¥·Î µÑ·¯ ½Î´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù. ¾ÕºÎºÐÀº ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ
Çϵå¿þ¾î ¶Ç´Â CPU Á¤º¸ÀÌ´Ù. µÎ¹ø° ºÎºÐÀº ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î ¶Ç´Â OS Á¤º¸ÀÌ´Ù.
`ns' ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â Pentium CPU¿¡ Linux 2.0À» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. CNAME(Canonical
NAME)Àº ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ Çϳª¿¡ À̸§À» ¿©·¯ °³ ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î wwwÀº
ns¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½ºÀÌ´Ù.
CNAME ·¹ÄÚµåÀÇ ¿ë¹ýÀº ¾à°£ ³íÀïÀÇ ¿©Áö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ´ÙÀ½ ±ÔÄ¢À»
µû¸£¸é ¾ÈÀüÇÏ´Ù. MX, CNAME, SOA Ç׸ñÀº CNAME ·¹ÄÚµå¿Í´Â Àý´ë·Î
¿¬°áÇÏÁö ¸»¾Æ¾ß ÇÏ°í, A Ç׸ñÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °¡Áø ´Ù¸¥°Í°ú ¿¬°áÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Áï,
´ÙÀ½Àº À߸ø ¼³Á¤ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
foobar CNAME www ; NO!
______________________________________________________________________
¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿Ã¹Ù¸£´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
foobar CNAME ns ; Yes!
______________________________________________________________________
¶ÇÇÑ CNAMEÀº ÀüÀÚ¿ìÆí ÁÖ¼Ò·Î ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÑ È£½ºÆ®¸íÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í °¡Á¤ÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀÌ ¾ÈÀüÇÏ´Ù. Áï, webmaster@www.linux.bogus´Â ±ÔÁ¤¿¡ ¾î±ß³ ÀüÀÚ¿ìÆí
ÁÖ¼ÒÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ °¡Á¤À» µû¸£Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ºñ·Ï µ¿ÀÛÀº ÇÏ°ÚÁö¸¸ ¸ÞÀÏ °ü¸®°¡
»ó´çÈ÷ ¾î·Á¿öÁø´Ù. À̸¦ ¸·À¸·Á¸é A ·¹ÄÚµå(¶Ç´Â MX °°Àº ·¹ÄÚµå)¸¦ ´ë½Å
»ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
www A 192.168.196.2
______________________________________________________________________
¸¹Àº bind Àü¹®°¡µéÀº CNAMEÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¸» °ÍÀ» ±ÇÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î
»ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾ÆÁÖ ½ÅÁßÇÏ°Ô °ËÅäÇØ º¸¶ó.
±×·¯³ª ¿©·¯ºÐµµ ¾Ëµí, ÀÌ ÇÏ¿ìÅõµµ ±×·¸°í ¸¹Àº »çÀÌÆ®°¡ ÀÌ ±ÔÄ¢À»
µû¸£Áö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
ndc reload·Î µ¥ÀÌÅͺ£À̽º¸¦ »õ·Î ÀÐ¾î µéÀÌÀÚ. ndc reload¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇϸé
named´Â ÆÄÀϵéÀ» ´Ù½Ã Àд´Ù.
$ nslookup
Default Server: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1
> ls -d linux.bogus
ÀÌ´Â ¸ðµç ·¹Äڵ尡 Ãâ·ÂµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÔÀ» ¶æÇÑ´Ù . °á°ú´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù.
[localhost]
$ORIGIN linux.bogus.
@ 1D IN SOA ns hostmaster (
199802151 ; serial
8H ; refresh
2H ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum
1D IN NS ns
1D IN NS ns.friend.bogus.
1D IN TXT "Linux.Bogus, your DNS consultants"
1D IN MX 10 mail
1D IN MX 20 mail.friend.bogus.
gw 1D IN A 192.168.196.1
1D IN HINFO "Cisco" "IOS"
1D IN TXT "The router"
mail 1D IN A 192.168.196.4
1D IN MX 10 mail
1D IN MX 20 mail.friend.bogus.
1D IN HINFO "386sx" "Linux 1.0.9"
localhost 1D IN A 127.0.0.1
www 1D IN CNAME ns
donald 1D IN A 192.168.196.3
1D IN MX 10 mail
1D IN MX 20 mail.friend.bogus.
1D IN HINFO "i486" "Linux 1.2"
1D IN TXT "DEK"
ftp 1D IN A 192.168.196.5
1D IN MX 10 mail
1D IN MX 20 mail.friend.bogus.
1D IN HINFO "P6" "Linux 1.3.59"
ns 1D IN A 192.168.196.2
1D IN MX 10 mail
1D IN MX 20 mail.friend.bogus.
1D IN HINFO "Pentium" "Linux 1.2"
@ 1D IN SOA ns hostmaster (
199802151 ; serial
8H ; refresh
2H ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum
°á°ú°¡ À§¿Í °°´Ù¸é Á¤»óÀÌ´Ù. À§ °á°ú´Â ¹Ù·Î Á¸ ÆÄÀÏ°ú ºñ½ÁÇÏ°Ô º¸ÀδÙ.
www¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â ¹«¾î¶ó ¸»ÇÏ´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇØ º¸ÀÚ.
> set q=any
> www.linux.bogus.
Server: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1
www.linux.bogus canonical name = ns.linux.bogus
linux.bogus nameserver = ns.linux.bogus
linux.bogus nameserver = ns.friend.bogus
ns.linux.bogus internet address = 192.168.196.2
´Þ¸® Ç¥ÇöÇÏÀÚ¸é, www.linux.bogusÀÇ ½ÇÁ¦ À̸§Àº ns.linux.bogusÀÌ´Ù.
µµÇÑ ns¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸µµ ÇÔ²² ¹ÝȯÇØ Áֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº ÀÌ Á¤º¸¸¦
ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ns(wwwÀ̱⵵ ÇÔ)¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌÁ¦ ÇÑ ¹Ý Á¤µµ¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÏ¿´´Ù.
4.3. ¿ªº¯È¯ Á¸(The reverse zone)
ÀÌÁ¦ Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ® ÇÁ·Î±×·¥µéÀÌ linux.bogu µµ¸ÞÀΠȣ½ºÆ®µéÀÇ À̸§À»
ÁÖ¼Ò·Î º¯È¯ÇÏ¿© ¿øÇÏ´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¸Áö¸¸, ¿ªº¯È¯ Á¸ÀÌ
¼³Á¤µÇ¾î¾ß DNS°¡ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ À̸§À¸·Î º¯È¯ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. FTP, IRC, WWW µî
´Ù¾çÇÑ ¼¹ö°¡ ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿Í Åë½ÅÀ» Çã¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö, Çã¿ëÇÑ´Ù¸é ¾î¶²
¿ì¼± ¼øÀ§¸¦ ÁÙ °ÍÀÎÁö °áÁ¤ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¹Ù·Î È£½ºÆ®¸íÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î
¿ªº¯È¯ Á¸ÀÌ ¼³Á¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾î¾ß¸¸ ÇØ´ç µµ¸ÞÀÎÀÇ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ°¡ ¸ðµç ÀÎÅͳÝ
¼ºñ½º¸¦ ¿ÏÀüÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
¾Æ·¡ ³»¿ëÀ» named.conf ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ »ðÀÔÇÏÀÚ.
______________________________________________________________________
zone "196.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
notify no;
type master;
file "pz/192.168.196";
};
______________________________________________________________________
0.0.127.in-addr.arpa°ú µ¿ÀÏÇÏ´Ù. ³»¿ëµµ ºñ½ÁÇÏ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
@ IN SOA ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
199802151 ; Serial, todays date + todays serial
8H ; Refresh
2H ; Retry
1W ; Expire
1D) ; Minimum TTL
NS ns.linux.bogus.
1 PTR gw.linux.bogus.
2 PTR ns.linux.bogus.
3 PTR donald.linux.bogus.
4 PTR mail.linux.bogus.
5 PTR ftp.linux.bogus.
______________________________________________________________________
ÀÌÁ¦ ´ç½ÅÀÇ named¸¦ Àç½ÃÀÛ(ndc restart)ÇÏ°í nslookupÀ¸·Î Áö±Ý±îÁö
¼³Á¤ÇÑ ³»¿ëÀ» È®ÀÎÇØ º¸ÀÚ.
______________________________________________________________________
> 192.168.196.4
Server: localhost
Address: 127.0.0.1
Name: mail.linux.bogus
Address: 192.168.196.4
______________________________________________________________________
À§¿Í °°ÀÌ Á¦´ë·Î º¸À̸é, È®Àλï¾Æ Àüü¸¦ ´ýÇÁ½ÃÄÑ º¸ÀÚ.
______________________________________________________________________
> ls -d 196.168.192.in-addr.arpa
[localhost]
$ORIGIN 196.168.192.in-addr.arpa.
@ 1D IN SOA ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
199802151 ; serial
8H ; refresh
2H ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum
1D IN NS ns.linux.bogus.
1 1D IN PTR gw.linux.bogus.
2 1D IN PTR ns.linux.bogus.
3 1D IN PTR donald.linux.bogus.
4 1D IN PTR mail.linux.bogus.
5 1D IN PTR ftp.linux.bogus.
@ 1D IN SOA ns.linux.bogus. hostmaster.linux.bogus. (
199802151 ; serial
8H ; refresh
2H ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum
______________________________________________________________________
¿Í¿ì, ¼º°øÀÌ´Ù!
¿©±â¿¡ º¸ÃæÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ ¾à°£ ÀÖ´Ù. À§ÀÇ ¿¹¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµÈ IP ¼ýÀÚµéÀº
'private nets' ºí·°Áß¿¡¼ Çϳª¸¦ ÅÃÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ÀÎÅͳݿ¡ ¹°·Á¼
°ø½ÄÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇ¾î¼´Â ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. ±×·¡¼ HOWTO¿¡¼ ¿¹Á¦·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº
¾ÈÀüÇÏ´Ù. µÎ¹ø°´Â notify no; ÁÙÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº 'named'°¡ ±× Áö¿ª ÆÄÀϵé
Áß¿¡¼ Çϳª°¡ °»½ÅµÇ¾úÀ» ¶§ secondary(slave) ¼¹ö¿¡°Ô ¾Ë¸®Áö ¾Êµµ·Ï
ÇÑ´Ù. bind-8¿¡¼´Â Áö¿ª ÆÄÀÏÀÌ °»½ÅµÇ¾úÀ» ¶§ Áö¿ª ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ³ª¿µÈ NS
·¹ÄÚµåÀÇ ¼¹ö¿¡°Ô 'named'°¡ ¾Ë·ÁÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ±â´ÉÀº DNS¸¦ ½ÇÁ¦·Î
¿î¿µÇÒ ¶§´Â Æí¸®ÇÏÁö¸¸ »çÀûÀÎ ¿¬½À¿¡´Â ÀÌ ±â´ÉÀ» ²¨¾ßÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿ì¸®ÀÇ
¿¬½ÀÀ¸·Î ÀÎÅͳÝÀ» ¿À¿°½Ãų ¼ö´Â ¾øÁö ¾ÊÀº°¡?
Áö±Ý±îÁö »ç¿ëÇÑ µµ¸ÞÀεµ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ °¡»óÀÌ°í, ±× Áּҵ鵵 ½ÇÁ¦·Î »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â
ÁÖ¼Ò°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀÇ ¿¹´Â ´ÙÀ½ ÀýÀ» ÂüÁ¶Ç϶ó.
5. µµ¸ÞÀÎ ¼³Á¤ÀÇ ½ÇÁ¦ ¿¹
¿©±â¿¡¼ ½ÇÁ¦ Á¸ ÆÄÀÏ ¸î °³¸¦ ´Ù·ê °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
»ç¿ëÀÚµéÀÌ ±³À°ÀûÀÎ ¿¹¿Í ÇÔ²² ½ÇÁ¦·Î »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â µµ¸ÞÀÎÀÇ ¿¹¸¦
Æ÷ÇÔÇØ ÁÙ °ÍÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇß´Ù.
LAND-5ÀÇ David Bullock ¾¾ÀÇ Çã¶ôÇÏ¿¡ ¾Æ·¡ ¿¹µéÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÄÀϵéÀº
1996³â 9¿ù 24ÀÏ¿¡ ¸¸µé¾îÁ³´Ù. bind-8 Á¶°Ç¿¡ ¸Â°Ô ¼öÁ¤ÇÏ¿´°í ÀúÀÚ°¡ Á»
´õ È®ÀåÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ÇöÀçÀÇ LAND-5 ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö¿¡ Äõ¸®¸¦
ÇÑ´Ù¸é ¿©±â¼¿Í´Â Á¶±ÝÀº ´Ù¸¥ °á°ú¸¦ ¾ò°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
5.1. /etc/named.conf (¶Ç´Â /var/named/named.conf)
¿©±â¼ 127.0.0 °ú LAND-5ÀÇ 206.6.177 ¼ºê³Ý¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¿ªº¯È¯ Á¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
¸¶½ºÅÍ Á¸ ¼½¼ÇÀ» »ìÆ캸ÀÚ. ±×¸®°í lang-5.com Á¸À» »ìÆì º¸ÀÚ. ÀÌ
ÇÏ¿ìÅõ¿¡¼ ÀúÀÚ´Â pz ¶ó´Â µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ ÆÄÀϵéÀ» µÎ¾úÁö¸¸ ±×´Â zonezone
À̶ó´Â µð·ºÅ丮¿¡ µÎ°í ÀÖÀ½¿¡ ÁÖÀÇÇÏÀÚ.
______________________________________________________________________
// Boot file for LAND-5 name server
options {
directory "/var/named";
};
zone "." {
type hint;
file "root.hints";
};
zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "zone/127.0.0";
};
zone "land-5.com" {
type master;
file "zone/land-5.com";
};
zone "177.6.206.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "zone/206.6.177";
};
______________________________________________________________________
À§ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» ½ÇÁ¦·Î named.conf¿¡ ³Ö¾î¼ Å×½ºÆ®ÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â, »ç°í°¡
ÀϾÁö ¾Êµµ·Ï lang-5 Á¸°ú ¿ªº¯È¯ Á¸ µÎ °÷¿¡ notify no; ¶óÀÎÀ» ¹Ýµå½Ã
³Ö¾î¶ó.
5.2. /var/named/root.hints
ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀº À¯µ¿ÀûÀÓÀ» ¸í½ÉÇ϶ó. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ¿©±â ³ª¿µÈ Á¤º¸´Â ¿¹Àü
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÀü¿¡ ¼³¸íµÇ¾ú´ø dig·Î »êÃâµÈ ÇöÀçÀÇ °ÍÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÈξÀ
³ªÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
; <<>> DiG 8.1 <<>> @A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
; (1 server found)
;; res options: init recurs defnam dnsrch
;; got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 10
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 13, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 13
;; QUERY SECTION:
;; ., type = NS, class = IN
;; ANSWER SECTION:
. 6D IN NS G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
. 6D IN NS F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.112.36.4
J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 198.41.0.10
K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 193.0.14.129
L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 198.32.64.12
M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 202.12.27.33
A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 198.41.0.4
H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 128.63.2.53
B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 128.9.0.107
C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.33.4.12
D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 128.8.10.90
E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.203.230.10
I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.36.148.17
F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 5w6d16h IN A 192.5.5.241
;; Total query time: 215 msec
;; FROM: roke.uio.no to SERVER: A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 198.41.0.4
;; WHEN: Sun Feb 15 01:22:51 1998
;; MSG SIZE sent: 17 rcvd: 436
______________________________________________________________________
5.3. /var/named/zone/127.0.0
±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î Çʼö ·¹ÄÚµåÀÎ SOA ·¹Äڵ尡 ÇÊ¿äÇϸç, 127.0.0.1À»
localhost·Î ¸ÅÇÎÇØ ÁÖ´Â ·¹Äڵ尡 ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ±× ¿ÜÀÇ °ÍµéÀÌ ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡
À־ ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. ³×ÀÓ¼¹ö°¡ ¹Ù²î°Å³ª hostmaster ¸ÞÀÏ ÁÖ¼Ò°¡ ¹Ù²îÁö
¾Ê´Â ÇÑ ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏÀº °»½ÅÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
@ IN SOA land-5.com. root.land-5.com. (
199609203 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
7200 ; Retry
604800 ; Expire
86400) ; Minimum TTL
NS land-5.com.
1 PTR localhost.
______________________________________________________________________
5.4. /var/named/zone/land-5.com
Çʼö ·¹ÄÚµåÀÎ SOA ·¹Äڵ尡 ÇÊ¿äÇϸç, NS ·¹Äڵ嵵 ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. secondary
³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö·Î ns2.psi.netÀÌ ÀÖÀ½À» ¾Ë¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¼¹ö´Â ¹é¾÷¿ëÀ¸·Î Ç×»ó
»çÀÌÆ® ¹Û¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ¼ºñ½º¸¦ ´ã´çÇÏ´Â ¸¶½ºÅÍ
È£½ºÆ®·Î lang-5¸¦ µÎ¾ú°í, ±×·¯ÇÑ Ã³¸®¸¦ CNAMEÀ¸·Î ÇØ°áÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½À» ¾Ë
¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. (A ·¹Äڵ带 »ç¿ëÇÑ ¹æ¹ýµµ ÀÖ´Ù.)
SOA Ç׸ñ¿¡¼ ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖµíÀÌ, Á¸ ÆÄÀÏÀº originÀÌ land-5.comÀÌ¸ç °ü¸®ÀÚ´Â
root@land-5.comÀÌ´Ù. hostmaster´Â °ü¸®ÀÚÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò·Î ÀÚÁÖ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ½Ã¸®¾ó ³Ñ¹ö´Â ÀÇ·ÊÀûÀ¸·Î yyyymmdd Çü½Ä¿¡ ±×³¯ÀÇ ½Ã¸®¾ó ³Ñ¹ö¸¦
µ¡ºÙÀδÙ. ¾Æ·¡¼ º¸¸é ¾Æ¸¶ ÀÌ Áö¿ª ÆÄÀÏÀº 1996³â 9¿ù 20ÀÏ¿¡ 6¹ø°
¼öÁ¤ÇÑ ¹öÀüÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ½Ã¸®¾ó ³Ñ¹ö´Â ÇѹæÇâÀ¸·Î¸¸ Áõ°¡ÇØ¾ß ÇÔÀ»
¸í½ÉÇÏÀÚ. ¿©±â¼´Â ±×³¯ÀÇ ½Ã¸®¾ó ³Ñ¹ö°¡ ÇÑÀÚ¸®´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î 9¹øÀ»
ÆíÁýÇÏ°í ³ª¼ ¶Ç ÆíÁýÇÏ·Á¸é ³»ÀÏÀ» ±â´Ù·Á¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. µÎ ÀÚ¸®¼ö
»ç¿ëÀ» °í·ÁÇÏÀÚ.
______________________________________________________________________
@ IN SOA land-5.com. root.land-5.com. (
199609206 ; serial, todays date + todays serial #
8H ; refresh, seconds
2H ; retry, seconds
1W ; expire, seconds
1D ) ; minimum, seconds
NS land-5.com.
NS ns2.psi.net.
MX 10 land-5.com. ; Primary Mail Exchanger
localhost A 127.0.0.1
router A 206.6.177.1
land-5.com. A 206.6.177.2
ns A 206.6.177.3
www A 207.159.141.192
ftp CNAME land-5.com.
mail CNAME land-5.com.
news CNAME land-5.com.
funn A 206.6.177.2
@ TXT "LAND-5 Corporation"
;
; Workstations
;
ws-177200 A 206.6.177.200
MX 10 land-5.com. ; Primary Mail Host
ws-177201 A 206.6.177.201
MX 10 land-5.com. ; Primary Mail Host
ws-177202 A 206.6.177.202
MX 10 land-5.com. ; Primary Mail Host
ws-177203 A 206.6.177.203
MX 10 land-5.com. ; Primary Mail Host
ws-177204 A 206.6.177.204
MX 10 land-5.com. ; Primary Mail Host
ws-177205 A 206.6.177.205
MX 10 land-5.com. ; Primary Mail Host
; {Many repetitive definitions deleted - SNIP}
ws-177250 A 206.6.177.250
MX 10 land-5.com. ; Primary Mail Host
ws-177251 A 206.6.177.251
MX 10 land-5.com. ; Primary Mail Host
ws-177252 A 206.6.177.252
MX 10 land-5.com. ; Primary Mail Host
ws-177253 A 206.6.177.253
MX 10 land-5.com. ; Primary Mail Host
ws-177254 A 206.6.177.254
MX 10 land-5.com. ; Primary Mail Host
______________________________________________________________________
land-5ÀÇ ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö¸¦ È®ÀÎÇØ º¸¸é ¾Ë°ÚÁö¸¸ È£½ºÆ®¸íÀÌ ws_numberÀÇ
Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹ÀüÀÇ bind 4 ¹öÀü¿¡¼´Â named°¡ ½ÃÀÛÇÒ ¶§,
È£½ºÆ®¸íÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹®ÀÚ Á¦ÇÑÀ» °Á¦·Î ÁؼöÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·¯³ª
bind-8¿¡¼´Â ÀÛµ¿ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¹Ç·Î '_'(underline) ´ë½Å
¶Ç Çϳª ÁÖ¸ñÇÒ »çÇ×Àº ¿÷½ºÅ×À̼ǵéÀº °³°³ÀÇ À̸§ÀÌ ¾ø°í IP ¼ýÀÚÀÇ ³¡
µÎºÎºÐÀ» À̸§À¸·Î »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·± °ü·Ê´Â À¯Áö º¸¼ö¸¦ »ó´çÈ÷
´Ü¼øÈÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ´ë½Å Á¶±ÝÀº ºñÀΰ£ÀûÀ̶ó °í°´µé »çÀÌ¿¡ ºÒ¸¸ÀÇ ¿äÀÎÀÌ
µÉ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
¶ÇÇÑ funn.land-5.comÀÌ land-5.com¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½ºÀÓÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª CNAME Ç׸ñÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ A Ç׸ñÀ» »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
5.5. /var/named/zone/206.6.177
ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â Àá½Ã ÈÄ¿¡ ¼³¸íÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
@ IN SOA land-5.com. root.land-5.com. (
199609206 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
7200 ; Retry
604800 ; Expire
86400) ; Minimum TTL
NS land-5.com.
NS ns2.psi.net.
;
; Servers
;
1 PTR router.land-5.com.
2 PTR land-5.com.
2 PTR funn.land-5.com.
;
; Workstations
;
200 PTR ws-177200.land-5.com.
201 PTR ws-177201.land-5.com.
202 PTR ws-177202.land-5.com.
203 PTR ws-177203.land-5.com.
204 PTR ws-177204.land-5.com.
205 PTR ws-177205.land-5.com.
; {Many repetitive definitions deleted - SNIP}
250 PTR ws-177250.land-5.com.
251 PTR ws-177251.land-5.com.
252 PTR ws-177252.land-5.com.
253 PTR ws-177253.land-5.com.
254 PTR ws-177254.land-5.com.
______________________________________________________________________
¿ªº¯È¯ Á¸Àº Àç³ÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀ» Àç³À» ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â ¼³Á¤ ºÎºÐÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ.
¿ªº¯È¯ Á¸Àº ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ IP ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ¾Ë ¶§ ±× È£½ºÆ®¸íÀ» ã´Âµ¥ »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
¿¹: ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ°¡ IRC ¼¹öÀÌ°í IRC Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®ÀÇ Á¢¼ÓÀ» Çã¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ±× ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ³ë¸£¿þÀÌ ¾ð¾î Àü¿ëÀÇ IRC ¼¹ö·Î ³ë¸£¿þÀÌ¿Í ´Ù¸¥
½ºÄ´Ù³ªºñ¾Æ ¹Ýµµ ±¹°¡¿¡ Àִ Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®ÀÇ Á¢¼Ó ¸¸À» Çã¶ôÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù.
Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®·ÎºÎÅÍ Á¢¼ÓÀÌ ÀÖÀ»¶§ C ¶óÀ̺귯¸®´Â Á¢¼ÓÇϴ Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®
ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ IP ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ¾Ë·ÁÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ³×Æ®¿÷À» Áö³ª´Â ¸ðµç ÆÐŶ¿¡
Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ® ÄÄÇ»ÀÇ IP ÁÖ¼Ò°¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ IRC
¼¹ö´Â ÁÖ¾îÁø IP ÁּҷΠȣ½ºÆ®¸íÀ» ã´Â gethostbyaddr ÇÔ¼ö¸¦ È£ÃâÇÒ ¼ö
ÀÖ´Ù. Gethostbyaddr ÇÔ¼ö´Â DNS ¼¹ö¸¦ ãÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×¸®°í´Â ÄÄÇ»Å͸¦
ã´Â Ç×Çظ¦ ÇÑ´Ù. ws-177200.land-5.com¿¡¼ Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ®°¡ Á¢¼ÓÇß´Ù°í
°¡Á¤Çϸé C ¶óÀ̺귯¸®°¡ IRC ¼¹ö¿¡°Ô °Ç³×´Â IP ÁÖ¼Ò´Â
206.6.177.200ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ È£½ºÆ®¸íÀ» ãÀ¸·Á¸é 200.177.6.206.in-
addr.arpaÀ» ã¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. DNS ¼¹ö´Â ¸ÕÀú arpa. ¼¹ö¸¦ ã´Â´Ù. ±×·±
´ÙÀ½ in-addr.arpa. ¼¹ö¸¦, ±× ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â 206À», ±× ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â 6À»,
¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î land-5¿¡¼ 177.6.206.in-addr.arpa zoneÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â ¼¹ö¸¦
ã´Â´Ù. °Å±â¼ ¸¶Ä§³» 200.177.6.206.in-addr.arpa¶ó´Â ÁÖ¼Ò¿¡ `PTR
ws-177200.land-5.com'À̶ó´Â ·¹Äڵ尡 ¸ÅÇεǾî ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀÀ´äÀ» ¾òÀ» ¼ö
ÀÖ´Ù. ±× Àǹ̴ 206.6.177.200ÀÇ È£½ºÆ®¸íÀÌ ws-177200.land-5.comÀ̶ó´Â
°ÍÀ» ¶æÇÑ´Ù. prep.ai.mit.eduÀÇ ¼³¸í¿¡¼¿Í ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ÀÌ ¼³¸íÀº Ç㱸¿¡
°¡±õ´Ù.
IRC ¼¹öÀÇ ¿¹·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡ÀÚ. À§ÀÇ IRC ¼¹ö´Â *.no, *.se, *.dk¿Í °°Àº
½ºÄ´Ù³ªºñ¾Æ ¹Ýµµ ÁÖº¯±¹¿¡¼ÀÇ Á¢¼Ó¸¸À» Çã¿ëÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù.
ws-177200.land-5.com´Â ÇØ´ç »çÇ×ÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¹Ç·Î Á¢¼ÓÀ» °ÅºÎÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. in-
addr.arpa Á¸¿¡ 206.2.177.200ÀÇ ¿ªº¯È¯ ¸ÅÇÎ(reverse mapping)ÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é
¼¹ö´Â À̸§À» ¾Ë¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ°í °á±¹Àº 206.2.177.200¶ó´Â ¼ýÀÚ¸¦ *.no,
*.se, *.dk¿Í ºñ±³ÇÏ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¿ªº¯È¯ ¸ÅÇÎ(reverse lookup mapping)ÀÌ ¼¹öÇÑÅ׸¸ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÏ´Â À̵µ
ÀÌÀ¸¸ç, ÀüÇô Áß¿äÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù°í ¸»ÇÏ´Â À̵µ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »ç½ÇÀº ¸Å¿ì
Áß¿äÇÑ´Ù. ¸¹Àº ftp, news, IRC, ½ÉÁö¾î http(WWW) ¼¹öµµ ¸î¸îÀº
Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ® ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ À̸§À» ãÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù¸é Á¢¼ÓÀ» ºÒÇãÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
±×·¯¹Ç·Î ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀÇ ¿ªº¯È¯ ¸ÅÇÎÀº ¹Ýµå½Ã ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
6. À¯Áö º¸¼ö
Ç×»ó ¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ ÀÛµ¿À» À§ÇØ (Keeping it working).
named°¡ ½ÇÇàµÇµµ·Ï À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â °Í ¿Ü¿¡ Ç×»ó À¯³äÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
root.hints ÆÄÀÏÀ» ÃÖ½ÅÀÇ °ÍÀ¸·Î À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Á¦ÀÏ ½¬¿î ¹æ¹ýÀº
dig¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸ÕÀú ¾Æ¹«·± ¾Æ±Ô¸ÕÆ® ¾øÀÌ dig¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù.
±×·¯¸é ¹Ù·Î ¼¹ö¿¡ µû¶ó¼ ¾à°£Àº ´Ù¸¥ root.hints¸¦ ¾òÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·±
´ÙÀ½ dig @rootserver·Î ³ª¿µÈ ·çÆ® ¼¹ö Áß ÇÑ°÷¿¡ ¿äûÇÑ´Ù.
root.hints¿Í À¯»çÇÑ ²ûÂïÇÑ °á°ú¸¦ ¾ò°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °á°ú¸¦ ÆÄÀÏ·Î
ÀúÀåÇÏ°í(dig @e.root-servers.net . ns >root.hints.new) ¿¹ÀüÀÇ
root.hints¿Í ´ëü½ÃŲ´Ù.
ij½¬ ÆÄÀÏÀ» ´ëüÇÑ ÈÄ¿¡´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã named¸¦ Àç½ÃÀÛÇϵµ·Ï ÇÏÀÚ.
Al Longyear¾¾°¡ root.hints¸¦ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î °»½ÅÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾Æ·¡ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦
º¸³» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. crontab¿¡ ³Ö¾î¼ ÇÑ´Þ¿¡ Çѹø²Ã·Î ½ÇÇàµÇµµ·Ï Çصθé Àؾ
µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¿¡¼´Â ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ ¸ÞÀÏÀÌ ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í ¸ÞÀÏ ¾Ë¸®¾Æ½º
`hostmaster'°¡ Á¤ÀǵǾî ÀÖ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¿©·¯ºÐ¿¡°Ô ¸Â°Ô °íÃÄ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
#!/bin/sh
#
# Update the nameserver cache information file once per month.
# This is run automatically by a cron entry.
#
# Original by Al Longyear
# Updated for bind 8 by Nicolai Langfeldt
# SERVFAIL problem discovered by David A. Ranch
#
(
echo "To: hostmaster <hostmaster>"
echo "From: system <root>"
echo "Subject: Automatic update of the named.conf file"
echo
export PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:
cd /var/named
dig @rs.internic.net . ns >root.hints.new
case `cat root.hints.new` in
*SERVFAIL*)
echo "The named.conf file update has FAILED."
echo "This is the error that DIG reported:"
echo
cat root.hints.new
exit 0
esac
echo "The named.conf file has been updated to contain the following
information:"
echo
cat root.hints.new
chown root.root root.hints.new
chmod 444 root.hints.new
rm -f root.hints.old
mv root.hints root.hints.old
mv root.hints.new root.hints
ndc restart
echo
echo "The nameserver has been restarted to ensure that the update is complete."
echo "The previous root.hints file is now called
/var/named/root.hints.old."
) 2>&1 | /usr/lib/sendmail -t
exit 0
______________________________________________________________________
¿©·¯ºÐ Áß ¸î¸îÀº ftp·Î Internic¿¡¼ root.hints ÆÄÀÏÀ» °¡Á®¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í
²¿Áý¾î ¸»ÇÒÁöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù. ftp·Î root.hints¸¦ °»½Å ÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó. À§ÀÇ
¹æ¹ýÀÌ ³×Æ®¿÷¿¡ ´õ¿í Ä£±ÙÇÏ´Ù.
7. ¹öÀü 4¿¡¼ ¹öÀü 8·ÎÀÇ ¸¶À̱׷¹À̼Ç
ÀÌ ºÎºÐÀº David E. Smith (dave@bureau42.ml.org)¾¾°¡ ¾´ 'using bind
8'¿¡ ÀÖ´ø ÀýÀÌ´Ù. »õ·ÎÀº ÀýÀÇ À̸§¿¡ ¸Âµµ·Ï ¾à°£ ÆíÁýÀ» °¡Çß´Ù.
º°·Î ÇؾßÇÒ °ÍÀº ¾ø´Ù. named.boot´ë½Å named.conf¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â Á¡ ¸»°í´Â
¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ µ¿ÀÏÇÏ´Ù. bind8Àº ÆÞ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®·Î ¿¾ Çü½ÄÀÇ ÆÄÀϵéÀ» »õ·Î¿î
Çü½Ä¿¡ ¸Â°Ô º¯È¯ÇÑ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½Àº ¿¾Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î µÈ ij½Ã Àü¿ë ³×ÀÓ ¼¹öÀÇ
¿¹ÀÌ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
directory /var/named
cache . root.hints
primary 0.0.127.IN-ADDR.ARPA 127.0.0.zone
primary localhost localhost.zone
______________________________________________________________________
On the command line, in the bind8/src/bin/named directory (this
assumes you got a source distribution. If you got a binary package the
script is probably around, I'm not sure where it would be though.
-ed.), type:
bind8/src/bin/named µð·ºÅ丮(¿©·¯ºÐ¿¡°Ô ¼Ò½º°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í °¡Á¤ÇÑ´Ù. ¸¸¾à
¹ÙÀ̳ʸ® ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´õ¶óµµ ÀÌ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®´Â ºÐ¸í ¾îµò°¡¿¡ ÀÖÀ»
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¾îµð¿¡ ÀÖÀ»Áö´Â È®½ÅÇÒ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.)¿¡¼ ´ÙÀ½ ¸í·ÉÀ» ÀÔ·ÂÇÏÀÚ.
______________________________________________________________________
./named-bootconf.pl < named.boot > named.conf
______________________________________________________________________
±×·¯¸é named.conf°¡ ¸¸µé¾î Áø´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
// generated by named-bootconf.pl
options {
directory "/var/named";
};
zone "." {
type hint;
file "root.hints";
};
zone "0.0.127.IN-ADDR.ARPA" {
type master;
file "127.0.0.zone";
};
zone "localhost" {
type master;
file "localhost.zone";
};
______________________________________________________________________
named.conf ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ µé¾î°¥ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» ¸¸Å ¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ ÀÛµ¿Çϱâ´Â ÇÏÁö¸¸
bind8ÀÌ Áö¿øÇÏ´Â »õ·Ó°Ô Çâ»óµÈ ±â´ÉÀ̳ª ¼³Á¤ ¿É¼ÇµéÀº Ãß°¡µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
¿©±â¿¡ ¶È°°Àº ÀÏÀ» ÇÏÁö¸¸ Á»´õ È¿°úÀûÀÎ ´õ¿í ¿ÏÀüÇÑ named.conf°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
______________________________________________________________________
// This is a configuration file for named (from BIND 8.1 or later).
// It would normally be installed as /etc/named.conf.
// The only change made from the `stock' named.conf (aside from this
// comment :) is that the directory line was uncommented, since I
// already had the zone files in /var/named.
options {
directory "/var/named";
datasize 20M;
};
zone "localhost" IN {
type master;
file "localhost.zone";
};
zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "127.0.0.zone";
};
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "root.hints";
};
______________________________________________________________________
bind8/src/bin/named/test¿¡ À§ÀÇ ¿¹¿Í ÇÔ²² ¹Ù·Î °¡Á®´Ù ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Á¸
ÆÄÀÏ º¹»çº»ÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
Á¸ ÆÄÀÏ°ú root.hints ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ®ÇÏ´Â ¸í·ÉÀÌ µ¿ÀÏÇϵíÀÌ, Á¸ ÆÄÀÏ°ú
root.hints ÆÄÀÏÀÇ Çü½Äµµ µ¿ÀÏÇÏ´Ù.
8. Áú¹®°ú ´ä
ÇÊÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¸ÞÀÏÀ» º¸³»±â Àü¿¡ ¾Æ·¡ ³»¿ëÀ» Àоî ÁÖ±æ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù.
1. named°¡ named.boot ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¿ä±¸ÇÑ´Ù.
¿©·¯ºÐÀº ¾î¶×ÇÑ HOWTO¸¦ Àаí ÀÖ´Ù. bind-4¿¡ °üÇÑ HOWTO´Â
http://www.math.uio.no/~janl/DNS/¿¡¼ ãÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
2. ¹æȺ® ³»ºÎ¿¡¼´Â DNS¸¦ ¾î¶»°Ô »ç¿ëÇϴ°¡?
ÈùÆ®: `forwarders', `slave', ±×¸®°í ÀÌ HOWTOÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸·¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Âü°í
¹®ÇåµéÀ» »ìÆì º¸±â ¹Ù¶õ´Ù. ``ij½Ã Àü¿ë ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö'' ÀýÀÇ ¿¹¿¡¼
Á¦¾ÈÇÑ °Íó·³ named.conf ÆÄÀÏÀÇ ¿É¼Ç ºÎºÐ¿¡ ¾Æ·¡ Äڵ尡 ÇÊ¿äÇÑ
°æ¿ìµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
___________________________________________________________________
query-source port 53;
___________________________________________________________________
3. ¾î¶² ¼ºñ½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇÒ ¶§ ÀÌ ¼ºñ½º¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ÄÄÇ»Å͵éÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦
DNS°¡ ¼ø¼´ë·Î Â÷·Ê Â÷·Ê ´äÇϵµ·Ï ÇÏ¿© Æ®·¡ÇÈÀ» È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î ºÐ»ê½Ãų
¼ö Àִ°¡? ¿¹¸¦ µé¸ç, www.busy.site
www.busy.site¿Í ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ ¸ÅÇÎÇÏ´Â A ·¹Äڵ带 ¿©·¯ °³ ¸¸µç´Ù. ±×¸®°í
bind´Â 4.9.3 ¶Ç´Â ±× ÀÌÈÄ ¹öÁ¯À» »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯¸é bind°¡
¾Ë¾Æ¼ www.busy.site¿¡ ¸ÅÇÎµÈ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ Çϳª¾¿ Â÷·Ê·Î ÀÀ´äÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
±× ÀÌÀü ¹öÀüÀÇ bind¿¡¼´Â ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÀÛµ¿ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
4. (¿ÜºÎ¿Í ¿¬°áÀÌ ¾ÈµÈ) ÀÎÆ®¶ó³Ý¿¡ DNS¸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù. ¾î¶»°Ô Çϳª?
root.hints ÆÄÀÏÀº »©°í Á¸ ÆÄÀϸ¸ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¶ÇÇÑ Ç×»ó »õ·Î¿î
hint ÆÄÀÏÀ» °¡Á®¿Ã ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾øÀ½À» ¶æÇÑ´Ù.
5. secondary (slave) ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö´Â ¾î¶»°Ô ¼³Á¤Çϴ°¡?
¸¸¾à primary ¼¹öÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò°¡ 127.0.0.1À̶ó¸é secondary ¼¹öÀÇ
named.conf ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ÀÔ·ÂÇÑ´Ù.
___________________________________________________________________
zone "linux.bogus" {
type slave;
file "sz/linux.bogus";
masters { 127.0.0.1; };
};
___________________________________________________________________
¿©±â¿¡ ¸¶½ºÅÍ ¼¹ö ¿©·¯ °³¸¦ ';' (¼¼¹ÌÄÝ·Ð)À¸·Î ºÐ¸®ÇÏ¿© ³ª¿Çϸé,
¿©·¯ ¼¹ö·ÎºÎÅÍ linux.bogusÀÇ ¼³Á¤À» º¹»çÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ¹°·Ð ¿©±â¿¡
³ª¿ÇÏ´Â ¸¶½ºÅÍ ¼¹ö¿¡´Â linux.bogus°¡ ¼³Á¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
6. ³×Æ®¿öÅ© Á¢¼ÓÀÌ ²÷¾îÁú ¶§ bind¸¦ °¡µ¿ÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù.
ÀÌ ÁÖÁ¦¿¡ °üÇÑ ÇØ´ä(¼³¸í)Àº µÎ °¡Áö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
· Ian Clark <ic@deakin.edu.au> ¾¾·ÎºÎÅÍ ±×°¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ
¸ÞÀÏÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.
³ª´Â 'Masquerading'À» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡¼ named¸¦ ¿î¿µÇÑ´Ù. ³ª´Â
root.hints ÆÄÀÏÀ» µÎ°³ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦ ·çÆ® ³×ÀÓ ¼¹öÀÇ À̸§µéÀ» °¡Áø
root.hints.real°ú ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ³»¿ëÀÇ root.hints.fake¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
----
; root.hints.fake
; this file contains no information
----
³×Æ®¿÷°ú ¿¬°áÀÌ ²÷¾îÁú ¶§ root.hints.fake ÆÄÀÏÀ» root.hints·Î º¹»çÇÏ°í named¸¦
Àç½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù.
³×Æ®¿÷°ú ¿¬°áµÉ ¶§´Â root.hints.real ÆÄÀÏÀ» root.hints·Î º¹»çÇÏ°í named
¸¦Àç½ÃÀÛÇÑ´Ù.
ip-down°ú ip-upÀ̶ó´Â ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦ °¢°¢ ¸¸µé¾î¼ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
³×Æ®¿÷°ú ´ÜÀýµÇ¾úÀ» ¶§ named¿¡ »ó¼¼ÇÑ Á¤º¸°¡ ¾ø´Â µµ¸ÞÀÎ
³×ÀÓ¿¡ °üÇØ Äõ¸®¸¦ º¸³»¸é messages ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ °°Àº ³»¿ëÀ» ±â·ÏÇÑ´Ù.
Jan 28 20:10:11 hazchem named[10147]: No root nameserver for class IN
ÀÌ»óÀÌ ³»°¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
È®½ÇÈ÷ ³ª¿¡°Ô´Â Á¦´ë·Î ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ´Â °Í °°´Ù. ³ª´Â ³×Æ®¿÷°ú ´ÜÀýµÇ¾úÀ» ¶§µµ Áö¿ª
ÄÄÇ»ÅÍÀ» À§ÇÑ ³×ÀÓ¼¹ö¸¦ ¿ÜºÎÀÇ µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ Å¸ÀӾƿô Áö¿¬ ¾øÀÌ
»ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ³×Æ®¿÷°ú ¿¬°áµÈ µ¿¾È¿¡´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¿ÜºÎ µµ¸ÞÀο¡ ´ëÇÑ
Äõ¸®¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
· ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿Í ¿¬°áµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡¼ bind°¡ NFS ¹×
Æ÷Æ®¸ÅÆÛ(portmapper)¿Í ÇÔ²² ¿î¿µÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼³¸íÀ» Karl-Max
Wanger ¾¾°¡ º¸³» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
°¡²û ¸ðµ©À¸·Î ÀÎÅͳݿ¡ Á¢¼ÓÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ named¸¦
¿î¿µÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö´Â ij½Ã Àü¿ë ¼¹ö·Î¸¸ ÀÛµ¿Çϸç,
ÀÎÁõ ¿µ¿ªÀÌ ¾ø¾î¼ ¸ðµç Äõ¸®¸¦ root.cache ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ¸í½ÃµÈ ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö(µé)¿¡°Ô
ÁúÀÇÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í named´Â nfsd¿Í mountd°¡ ±âµ¿Çϱâ Àü¿¡ ½ÃÀÛÇϴµ¥, ÀÌ ¹æ½ÄÀº
½½·¢¿þ¾î¿¡¼´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀÌ´Ù.
LAN¿¡ ¿¬°áµÈ ´Ù¸¥ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ°¡ ³» ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ Áß Çϳª(Libretto 30 ³ëÆ®ºÏ)¸¦ °¡²û
¸¶¿îÆ®ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ±× °¡²ûÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â ´ëºÎºÐÀ̾ú´Ù.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Çö»óÀº PLIP, PCMCIA ·£Ä«µå, ½Ã¸®¾ó ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ ÅëÇÑ PPP ¸ðµÎ¿¡¼
ÀϾ´Â °øÅëÀûÀÎ Çö»óÀÌ ¾ú´Ù.
¸î ½Ã°£ µ¿¾È »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ½ÇÇèÀ» °ÅÄ£ ÈÄ¿¡, ºÎÆÃµÉ ¶§ named°¡ nfsd¿Í mountdÀÇ
µî·Ï °úÁ¤°ú µÚÁ×¹ÚÁ×ÀÌ µÇ¾î¼ Æ÷Æ®¸ÅÆÛ¿¡ µî·ÏµÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ·± ¹®Á¦°¡
»ý±ä´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë¾Ò´Ù. (³ª´Â º¸Åë ÀÌ µ¥¸óµéÀ» ºÎÆ¿ÇÒ ¶§ ½ÇÇàÇÑ´Ù.)
nfsd¿Í mountd¸¦ ¸ÕÀú ½ÇÇàÇÑ ´ÙÀ½ named¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Ï ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾ø¾îÁ³´Ù.
ºÎÆà ¼ø¼¸¦ À§¿Í °°ÀÌ ¹Ù²Ù¾îµµ ±×·Î ÀÎÇÑ ¾Æ¹«·± ¹®Á¦°¡ »ý±âÁö ¾ÊÀ¸´Ï, ¸ðµÎµé
ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¹Ù²Ù¾î¼ ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ ¹®Á¦Á¡À» ÇØ°áÇØ µÎ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁÀ» °Í °°´Ù.
7. ij½¬ Àü¿ë ³×ÀÓ ¼¹ö´Â ±× ij½¬ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾îµð¿¡ ÀúÀåÇϳª? ij½¬ Å©±â¸¦
Á¦¾îÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº ¾ø´Â°¡?
ij½ÃµÈ Á¤º¸´Â ¸ðµÎ ¸Þ¸ð¸®¿¡ ÀúÀåµÈ´Ù. µð½ºÅ©¿¡´Â ±â·ÏµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
named¸¦ Á×ÀÏ ¶§¸¶´Ù ij½Ã´Â »ç¶óÁø´Ù. ij½Ã Á¤º¸´Â ¾î¶² ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Îµç
Á¦¾îÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. named´Â ¾î¶² °£´ÜÇÑ ±ÔÄ¢¿¡ µû¶ó ij½Ã¸¦ ´Ù·ç´Âµ¥
´ÙÀ½°ú °°´Ù. ¾î¶² ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Îµç ij½Ã Á¤º¸³ª ij½Ã Å©±â¸¦ Á¦¾îÇÒ ¹æ¹ýÀº
¾ø´Ù. ±×·¯°í ½Í´Ù¸é named¸¦ ÇØÅ·Çؼ ¼öÁ¤ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±ÇÇÏÁö´Â
¾Ê´Â´Ù.
8. named°¡ Àç½ÃÀ۵Ǵ µ¿¾ÈÀº ij½Ã¸¦ ÀúÀåÇϴ°¡? ÀúÀåÇϵµ·Ï ÇÒ ¼ö
Àִ°¡?
¾ø´Ù. named´Â ¸ØÃâ ¶§ ij½Ã¸¦ ÀúÀåÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. Áï, named°¡
¸ØÃß¾ú´Ù°¡ ´Ù½Ã ½ÃÀÛÇÒ ¶§¸¶´Ù ij½Ã´Â »õ·Î ¸¸µé¾î Áø´Ù. named·Î
ÇÏ¿©±Ý ij½Ã¸¦ ÆÄÀÏ·Î ÀúÀåÇÏ°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù. ±×·¯°í ½Í´Ù¸é named¸¦
ÇØÅ·Çؼ ¼öÁ¤ÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±ÇÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
9. ¸¹Àº ½Ã°£À» ÇÒ¾ÖÇÏ¿© DNS¸¦ °ü¸®ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¸é.
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RFC 2052
A. Gulbrandsen, P. Vixie, A DNS RR for specifying the location
of services (DNS SRV), October 1996
RFC 1918
Y. Rekhter, R. Moskowitz, D. Karrenberg, G. de Groot, E. Lear,
Address Allocation for Private Internets, 02/29/1996.
RFC 1912
D. Barr, Common DNS Operational and Configuration Errors,
02/28/1996.
RFC 1912 Errors
B. Barr Errors in RFC 1912, this is available at
<http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~barr/rfc1912-errors.html>
RFC 1713
A. Romao, Tools for DNS debugging, 11/03/1994.
RFC 1712
C. Farrell, M. Schulze, S. Pleitner, D. Baldoni, DNS Encoding of
Geographical Location, 11/01/1994.
RFC 1183
R. Ullmann, P. Mockapetris, L. Mamakos, C. Everhart, New DNS RR
Definitions, 10/08/1990.
RFC 1035
P. Mockapetris, Domain names - implementation and specification,
11/01/1987.
RFC 1034
P. Mockapetris, Domain names - concepts and facilities,
11/01/1987.
RFC 1033
M. Lottor, Domain administrators operations guide, 11/01/1987.
RFC 1032
M. Stahl, Domain administrators guide, 11/01/1987.
RFC 974
C. Partridge, Mail routing and the domain system, 01/01/1986.
