This file contains various 'dt' examples used to show its'
capabilities and to help get new users started. A short description
prefaces each test to describe the nature of the test being performed.
Several of the latter tests, are real life problems which were either
uncovered directly by 'dt', or were easily reproduced using a specific 'dt'
command line which helps trouble-shooting problems.
On DEC systems, next to the device name in the total statistics,
you'll notice the device name and device type. This information is obtained
by using the DEC specific DEVIOCGET I/O control command. This is very for
identifying the device under test, especially since performance and various
problems are device specific. For non-Digital systems you'll only see the
device type displayed, not the real device name, which is setup based on known
system dependent device naming conventions (i.e., "/dev/ser" prefix for QNX
serial ports).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST DESCRIPTION: This test does read testing of a raw disk partition with
data comparisons disabled, using the POSIX Asynchronous I/O API (AIO is only
supported on DEC OSF/1 at this time).
% dt if=/dev/rrz3c bs=8k limit=50m disable=compare enable=aio
Total Statistics:
Input device/file name: /dev/rrz3c (Device: RZ25, type=disk)
Data pattern read: 0x39c39c39 (data compare disabled)
Total records processed: 6400 @ 8192 bytes/record (8.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 52428800 (51200.000 Kbytes, 50.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 2227853 bytes/sec, 2175.637 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m23.53s
Total system time: 00m01.36s
Total user time: 00m00.20s
Starting time: Wed Sep 15 12:47:55 1993
Ending time: Wed Sep 15 12:48:18 1993
%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST DESCRIPTION: This test does a write/read verify pass of a 50Mb file
through the UFS file system, with the file disposition set to "keep", so
the test file is not deleted. Normally, 'dt' deletes the test files
created before exiting.
% dt of=/usr/tmp/x bs=8k limit=50m dispose=keep
Write Statistics:
Total records processed: 6400 @ 8192 bytes/record (8.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 52428800 (51200.000 Kbytes, 50.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 1530768 bytes/sec, 1494.891 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 0/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m34.25s
Total system time: 00m03.48s
Total user time: 00m06.70s
Read Statistics:
Total records processed: 6400 @ 8192 bytes/record (8.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 52428800 (51200.000 Kbytes, 50.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 2243743 bytes/sec, 2191.155 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m23.36s
Total system time: 00m02.05s
Total user time: 00m13.95s
Total Statistics:
Output device/file name: /usr/tmp/x
Data pattern read/written: 0x39c39c39
Total records processed: 12800 @ 8192 bytes/record (8.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 104857600 (102400.000 Kbytes, 100.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 1819918 bytes/sec, 1777.264 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m57.61s
Total system time: 00m05.55s
Total user time: 00m20.65s
Starting time: Wed Sep 15 13:42:05 1993
Ending time: Wed Sep 15 13:43:03 1993
% ls -ls /usr/tmp/x
51240 -rw-r--r-- 1 rmiller system 52428800 Sep 15 13:42 /usr/tmp/x
% od -x < /usr/tmp/x
0000000 9c39 39c3 9c39 39c3 9c39 39c3 9c39 39c3
*
310000000
%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST DESCRIPTION: This test does a read verify pass of the 50Mb file
created in the previous test, using the memory mapped I/O API (mmap is only
supported on SUN/OS and DEC OSF/1 at this time).
% dt if=/usr/tmp/x bs=8k limit=50m enable=mmap
Total Statistics:
Input device/file name: /usr/tmp/x
Data pattern read: 0x39c39c39
Total records processed: 6400 @ 8192 bytes/record (8.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 52428800 (51200.000 Kbytes, 50.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 2282821 bytes/sec, 2229.318 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m22.96s
Total system time: 00m01.13s
Total user time: 00m07.73s
Starting time: Wed Sep 15 13:49:10 1993
Ending time: Wed Sep 15 13:49:33 1993
% rm /usr/tmp/x
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST DESCRIPTION: This test does a write/read verify pass to a QIC-320 1/4"
tape drive. Please notice the total average transfer rate. This lower rate
is caused by the tape rewind performed after writing the tape. This rewind
time is not included in the write/read times, but is part of the total time.
% dt of=/dev/rmt0h bs=64k limit=10m
Write Statistics:
Total records processed: 160 @ 65536 bytes/record (64.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 10485760 (10240.000 Kbytes, 10.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 157365 bytes/sec, 153.677 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 0/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 01m06.63s
Total system time: 00m00.10s
Total user time: 00m01.33s
Read Statistics:
Total records processed: 160 @ 65536 bytes/record (64.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 10485760 (10240.000 Kbytes, 10.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 194842 bytes/sec, 190.276 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m53.81s
Total system time: 00m00.08s
Total user time: 00m02.78s
Total Statistics:
Output device/file name: /dev/rmt0h (Device: TZK10, type=tape)
Data pattern read/written: 0x39c39c39
Total records processed: 320 @ 65536 bytes/record (64.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 20971520 (20480.000 Kbytes, 20.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 115950 bytes/sec, 113.233 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 03m00.86s
Total system time: 00m00.18s
Total user time: 00m04.11s
Starting time: Wed Sep 15 11:50:36 1993
Ending time: Wed Sep 15 11:53:50 1993
%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST DESCRIPTION: This test does a write/read verify pass of 2 tape files
to a DEC TZ86 tape drive using variable length records ranging from 10 Kbytes
to 100 Kbytes using the default increment value of 1 byte.
% dt of=/dev/rmt1h min=10k max=100k limit=5m files=2
Write Statistics:
Total records processed: 1000 with min=10240, max=102400, incr=1
Total bytes transferred: 10485760 (10240.000 Kbytes, 10.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 642641 bytes/sec, 627.579 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 0/1
Total files processed: 2/2
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m16.31s
Total system time: 00m00.28s
Total user time: 00m01.26s
Read Statistics:
Total records processed: 1000 with min=10240, max=102400, incr=1
Total bytes transferred: 10485760 (10240.000 Kbytes, 10.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 214725 bytes/sec, 209.693 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total files processed: 2/2
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m48.83s
Total system time: 00m00.45s
Total user time: 00m30.95s
Total Statistics:
Output device/file name: /dev/rmt1h (Device: TZ86, type=tape)
Data pattern read/written: 0x39c39c39
Total records processed: 2000 with min=10240, max=102400, incr=1
Total bytes transferred: 20971520 (20480.000 Kbytes, 20.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 229322 bytes/sec, 223.948 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total files processed: 4/4
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 01m31.45s
Total system time: 00m00.75s
Total user time: 00m32.21s
Starting time: Mon Sep 13 15:29:23 1993
Ending time: Mon Sep 13 15:31:00 1993
%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST DESCRIPTION: This test does writing/reading through a pipe. Notice
the special character '-' which indicates write standard out/read standard in.
% dt of=- bs=8k limit=1g disable=stats | dt if=- bs=8k limit=1g
Total Statistics:
Input device/file name: -
Data pattern read: 0x39c39c39
Total records processed: 131072 @ 8192 bytes/record (8.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 1073741824 (1048576.000 Kbytes, 1024.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 2334644 bytes/sec, 2279.926 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 07m39.91s
Total system time: 00m17.65s
Total user time: 04m44.66s
Starting time: Wed Sep 15 11:40:08 1993
Ending time: Wed Sep 15 11:47:48 1993
%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST DESCRIPTION: This test does writing/reading through a fifo (named pipe).
This is similar to the previous test, except a fifo file is created, and a
single invocation of 'dt' is used for testing.
% mkfifo NamedPipe
% ls -ls NamedPipe
0 prw-r--r-- 1 rmiller system 0 Sep 16 09:52 NamedPipe
% dt of=NamedPipe bs=8k limit=1g enable=loopback
Total Statistics:
Output device/file name: NamedPipe (device type=fifo)
Data pattern written: 0x39c39c39 (read verify disabled)
Total records processed: 131072 @ 8192 bytes/record (8.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 1073741824 (1048576.000 Kbytes, 1024.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 2264402 bytes/sec, 2211.330 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 07m54.18s
Total system time: 00m21.80s
Total user time: 02m14.96s
Starting time: Thu Sep 16 09:42:24 1993
Ending time: Thu Sep 16 09:50:18 1993
Total Statistics:
Input device/file name: NamedPipe (device type=fifo)
Data pattern read: 0x39c39c39
Total records processed: 131072 @ 8192 bytes/record (8.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 1073741824 (1048576.000 Kbytes, 1024.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 2264402 bytes/sec, 2211.330 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 07m54.18s
Total system time: 00m19.90s
Total user time: 04m44.01s
Starting time: Thu Sep 16 09:42:24 1993
Ending time: Thu Sep 16 09:50:19 1993
% rm NamedPipe
%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST DESCRIPTION: This test performs a loopback test between two serial
lines. Debug was enabled to display additional test information, which is
useful if serial line testing hangs. 'dt' does not use a watchdog timer.
Also notice the number of bytes allocated was 68, not 64 as 'bs='
indicates. Pad bytes are allocated at the end of data buffers and
checked after reads to ensure drivers/file system code do not write
too many bytes (this has uncovered DMA FIFO flush problems in device
drivers in the past).
% dt if=/dev/tty00 of=/dev/tty01 bs=64 limit=100k flow=xon_xoff parity=none speed=38400 enable=debug
dt: Attempting to open input file '/dev/tty00', mode = 00...
dt: Input file '/dev/tty00' successfully opened, fd = 3
dt: Saving current terminal characteristics, fd = 3...
dt: Setting up test terminal characteristics, fd = 3...
dt: Attempting to open output file '/dev/tty01', mode = 01...
dt: Output file '/dev/tty01' successfully opened, fd = 4
dt: Saving current terminal characteristics, fd = 4...
dt: Setting up test terminal characteristics, fd = 4...
dt: Parent PID = 1809, Child PID = 1810
dt: Allocated buffer at address 0x4a000 of 68 bytes, using offset 0
dt: Allocated buffer at address 0x4a000 of 68 bytes, using offset 0
dt: Characters remaining in output queue = 304
dt: Waiting for output queue to drain...
dt: Output queue finished draining...
Total Statistics:
Output device/file name: /dev/tty01 (device type=terminal)
Terminal characteristics: flow=xon_xoff, parity=none, speed=38400
Data pattern written: 0x39c39c39 (read verify disabled)
Total records processed: 1600 @ 64 bytes/record (0.063 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 102400 (100.000 Kbytes, 0.098 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 3840 bytes/sec, 3.750 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m26.66s
Total system time: 00m00.06s
Total user time: 00m00.01s
Starting time: Wed Sep 15 11:37:39 1993
Ending time: Wed Sep 15 11:38:07 1993
Total Statistics:
Input device/file name: /dev/tty00 (device type=terminal)
Terminal characteristics: flow=xon_xoff, parity=none, speed=38400
Data pattern read: 0x39c39c39
Total records processed: 1600 @ 64 bytes/record (0.063 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 102400 (100.000 Kbytes, 0.098 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 3703 bytes/sec, 3.617 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/1
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m27.65s
Total system time: 00m00.28s
Total user time: 00m00.05s
Starting time: Wed Sep 15 11:37:39 1993
Ending time: Wed Sep 15 11:38:07 1993
dt: Restoring saved terminal characteristics, fd = 3...
dt: Closing file '/dev/tty00', fd = 3...
dt: Waiting for child PID 1810 to exit...
dt: Child PID 1810, exited with status = 0
dt: Restoring saved terminal characteristics, fd = 4...
dt: Closing file '/dev/tty01', fd = 4...
%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST DESCRIPTION: This test does write/reads testing to a raw device
starting 2 processes each of which will execute 2 passes. Notice a
different pattern gets used for each pass. There are 12 different
patterns built into the program which get cycled through which get cycled
through when multiple passes are performed.
% dt of=/dev/rrz11a bs=64k limit=5m procs=2 passes=2
Write Statistics (1797):
Data pattern written: 0x39c39c39
Total records processed: 80 @ 65536 bytes/record (64.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 5242880 (5120.000 Kbytes, 5.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 598047 bytes/sec, 584.030 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 0/2
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m08.76s
Total system time: 00m00.05s
Total user time: 00m00.65s
Write Statistics (1796):
Data pattern written: 0x39c39c39
Total records processed: 80 @ 65536 bytes/record (64.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 5242880 (5120.000 Kbytes, 5.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 600330 bytes/sec, 586.260 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 0/2
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m08.73s
Total system time: 00m00.05s
Total user time: 00m00.66s
Read Statistics (1797):
Data pattern read: 0x39c39c39
Total records processed: 80 @ 65536 bytes/record (64.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 5242880 (5120.000 Kbytes, 5.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 534079 bytes/sec, 521.562 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/2
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m09.81s
Total system time: 00m00.06s
Total user time: 00m01.38s
Read Statistics (1796):
Data pattern read: 0x39c39c39
Total records processed: 80 @ 65536 bytes/record (64.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 5242880 (5120.000 Kbytes, 5.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 534988 bytes/sec, 522.449 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 1/2
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m09.80s
Total system time: 00m00.05s
Total user time: 00m01.40s
.
.
.
Total Statistics (1797):
Output device/file name: /dev/rrz11a (Device: RZ56, type=disk)
Data pattern read/written: 0x00ff00ff
Total records processed: 320 @ 65536 bytes/record (64.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 20971520 (20480.000 Kbytes, 20.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 562239 bytes/sec, 549.062 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 2/2
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m37.30s
Total system time: 00m00.23s
Total user time: 00m04.10s
Starting time: Wed Sep 15 11:32:45 1993
Ending time: Wed Sep 15 11:33:22 1993
Total Statistics (1796):
Output device/file name: /dev/rrz11a (Device: RZ56, type=disk)
Data pattern read/written: 0x00ff00ff
Total records processed: 320 @ 65536 bytes/record (64.000 Kbytes)
Total bytes transferred: 20971520 (20480.000 Kbytes, 20.000 Mbytes)
Average transfer rates: 562490 bytes/sec, 549.307 Kbytes/sec
Total passes completed: 2/2
Total errors detected: 0/1
Total elapsed time: 00m37.28s
Total system time: 00m00.25s
Total user time: 00m04.13s
Starting time: Wed Sep 15 11:32:45 1993
Ending time: Wed Sep 15 11:33:22 1993
%
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST DESCRIPTION: This test attempts to write to a DEC OSF/1 raw disk
which contains a valid label block, and the action necessary to destroy
this label block before writes are possible. As you can see, the first
disk block (block 0) is write protected (all other blocks are not however).
Since many people, including myself, have been burned (mis-lead) by this
wonderful feature, I thought it was worth documenting here.
# file /dev/rrz11c
/dev/rrz11c: character special (8/19458) SCSI #1 RZ56 disk #88 (SCSI ID #3)
# disklabel -r -w /dev/rrz11c rz56
# ls -ls /dev/rrz11a
0 crw-rw-rw- 1 root system 8,19456 Sep 15 11:33 /dev/rrz11a
# dt of=/dev/rrz11c bs=64k limit=1m disable=stats
dt: 'write' - Read-only file system
dt: Error number 1 occurred on Thu Sep 16 10:53:54 1993
# dt of=/dev/rrz11a position=1b bs=64k limit=1m disable=stats
# disklabel -z /dev/rrz11c
# dt of=/dev/rrz11c bs=64k limit=1m disable=stats
#
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST DESCRIPTION: This test shows a real life problem discovered on a
DEC 3000-500 (Flamingo) system using DEC OSF/1 V1.3. This test uncovers
a data corruption problem that occurs at the end of data buffers on read
requests. The problem results from the FIFO being improperly flushed when
DMA transfers abort on certain boundaries (residual bytes left in FIFO).
This failure is uncovered by performing large reads of short records and
verifying the pad bytes, allocated at the end of data buffers, do *not*
get inadvertantly overwritten. This example also illustrates the format
of dumped data buffers (when enabled via the "enable=dump" option).
% dt of=/dev/rmt0h min=1k max=25k incr=p-1 limit=1m disable=stats,verify
% dt if=/dev/rmt0h min=1k+25 max=25k incr=p-1 limit=1m disable=stats
dt: WARNING: Record #1, attempted to read 1049 bytes, read only 1024 bytes.
dt: WARNING: Record #2, attempted to read 9240 bytes, read only 9215 bytes.
dt: Data compare error at pad byte 0 in record number 2
dt: Data expected = 0xc6, data found = 0xff
dt: Error number 1 occurred on Sat Sep 18 11:15:08 1993
% dt if=/dev/rmt0h min=1k+25 max=25k incr=p-1 limit=1m disable=stats enable=dump
dt: WARNING: Record #1, attempted to read 1049 bytes, read only 1024 bytes.
dt: WARNING: Record #2, attempted to read 9240 bytes, read only 9215 bytes.
dt: Data compare error at pad byte 0 in record number 2
dt: Data expected = 0xc6, data found = 0xff
dt: Data buffer pointer = 0x3e3ff, buffer offset = 9215
Dumping Buffer (base = 0x3c000, offset = 9215, size = 9219 bytes):
0x3e3df 39 39 9c c3 39 39 9c c3 39 39 9c c3 39 39 9c c3
0x3e3ef 39 39 9c c3 39 39 9c c3 39 39 9c c3 39 39 9c c3
0x3e3ff ff c6 63 3c c6 c6 63 3c c6 c6 63 3c c6 c6 63 3c
0x3e40f c6 c6 63 3c c6 c6 63 3c c6 c6 63 3c c6 c6 63 3c
dt: Error number 1 occurred on Sat Sep 18 11:15:31 1993
% echo $status
-1
%
