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  <div class="section" id="module-email.iterators">
<span id="email-iterators"></span><h1>18.1.10. <a class="reference internal" href="email.html#module-email" title="email: Package supporting the parsing, manipulating, and generating email messages, including MIME documents."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">email</span></tt></a>: Iterators<a class="headerlink" href="#module-email.iterators" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>Iterating over a message object tree is fairly easy with the
<tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">Message.walk()</span></tt> method.  The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-email.iterators" title="email.iterators: Iterate over a  message object tree."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">email.iterators</span></tt></a> module provides some
useful higher level iterations over message object trees.</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="email.iterators.body_line_iterator">
<tt class="descclassname">email.iterators.</tt><tt class="descname">body_line_iterator</tt><big>(</big><em>msg</em>, <em>decode=False</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#email.iterators.body_line_iterator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>This iterates over all the payloads in all the subparts of <em>msg</em>, returning the
string payloads line-by-line.  It skips over all the subpart headers, and it
skips over any subpart with a payload that isn&#8217;t a Python string.  This is
somewhat equivalent to reading the flat text representation of the message from
a file using <a class="reference internal" href="readline.html#module-readline" title="readline: GNU readline support for Python. (Unix)"><tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">readline()</span></tt></a>, skipping over all the intervening headers.</p>
<p>Optional <em>decode</em> is passed through to <tt class="xref py py-meth docutils literal"><span class="pre">Message.get_payload()</span></tt>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="email.iterators.typed_subpart_iterator">
<tt class="descclassname">email.iterators.</tt><tt class="descname">typed_subpart_iterator</tt><big>(</big><em>msg</em>, <em>maintype='text'</em>, <em>subtype=None</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#email.iterators.typed_subpart_iterator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>This iterates over all the subparts of <em>msg</em>, returning only those subparts that
match the MIME type specified by <em>maintype</em> and <em>subtype</em>.</p>
<p>Note that <em>subtype</em> is optional; if omitted, then subpart MIME type matching is
done only with the main type.  <em>maintype</em> is optional too; it defaults to
<em class="mimetype">text</em>.</p>
<p>Thus, by default <a class="reference internal" href="#email.iterators.typed_subpart_iterator" title="email.iterators.typed_subpart_iterator"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">typed_subpart_iterator()</span></tt></a> returns each subpart that has a
MIME type of <em class="mimetype">text/*</em>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<p>The following function has been added as a useful debugging tool.  It should
<em>not</em> be considered part of the supported public interface for the package.</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="email.iterators._structure">
<tt class="descclassname">email.iterators.</tt><tt class="descname">_structure</tt><big>(</big><em>msg</em>, <em>fp=None</em>, <em>level=0</em>, <em>include_default=False</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#email.iterators._structure" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Prints an indented representation of the content types of the message object
structure.  For example:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">msg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">email</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">message_from_file</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">somefile</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">_structure</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">multipart/mixed</span>
<span class="go">    text/plain</span>
<span class="go">    text/plain</span>
<span class="go">    multipart/digest</span>
<span class="go">        message/rfc822</span>
<span class="go">            text/plain</span>
<span class="go">        message/rfc822</span>
<span class="go">            text/plain</span>
<span class="go">        message/rfc822</span>
<span class="go">            text/plain</span>
<span class="go">        message/rfc822</span>
<span class="go">            text/plain</span>
<span class="go">        message/rfc822</span>
<span class="go">            text/plain</span>
<span class="go">    text/plain</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Optional <em>fp</em> is a file-like object to print the output to.  It must be
suitable for Python&#8217;s <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#print" title="print"><tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">print()</span></tt></a> function.  <em>level</em> is used internally.
<em>include_default</em>, if true, prints the default type as well.</p>
</dd></dl>

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