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<div class="section" id="internet-protocols-and-support">
<span id="internet"></span><h1>20. Internet Protocols and Support<a class="headerlink" href="#internet-protocols-and-support" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<span class="target" id="index-0"></span><p id="index-1">The modules described in this chapter implement Internet protocols and support
for related technology. They are all implemented in Python. Most of these
modules require the presence of the system-dependent module <a class="reference internal" href="socket.html#module-socket" title="socket: Low-level networking interface."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">socket</span></tt></a>, which
is currently supported on most popular platforms. Here is an overview:</p>
<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="webbrowser.html">20.1. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">webbrowser</span></tt> — Convenient Web-browser controller</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="webbrowser.html#browser-controller-objects">20.1.1. Browser Controller Objects</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="cgi.html">20.2. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cgi</span></tt> — Common Gateway Interface support</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cgi.html#introduction">20.2.1. Introduction</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cgi.html#using-the-cgi-module">20.2.2. Using the cgi module</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cgi.html#higher-level-interface">20.2.3. Higher Level Interface</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cgi.html#functions">20.2.4. Functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cgi.html#caring-about-security">20.2.5. Caring about security</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cgi.html#installing-your-cgi-script-on-a-unix-system">20.2.6. Installing your CGI script on a Unix system</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cgi.html#testing-your-cgi-script">20.2.7. Testing your CGI script</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cgi.html#debugging-cgi-scripts">20.2.8. Debugging CGI scripts</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cgi.html#common-problems-and-solutions">20.2.9. Common problems and solutions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="cgitb.html">20.3. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cgitb</span></tt> — Traceback manager for CGI scripts</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="wsgiref.html">20.4. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">wsgiref</span></tt> — WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.util">20.4.1. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">wsgiref.util</span></tt> – WSGI environment utilities</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.headers">20.4.2. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">wsgiref.headers</span></tt> – WSGI response header tools</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.simple_server">20.4.3. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">wsgiref.simple_server</span></tt> – a simple WSGI HTTP server</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.validate">20.4.4. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">wsgiref.validate</span></tt> — WSGI conformance checker</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="wsgiref.html#module-wsgiref.handlers">20.4.5. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">wsgiref.handlers</span></tt> – server/gateway base classes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="wsgiref.html#examples">20.4.6. Examples</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html">20.5. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib.request</span></tt> — Extensible library for opening URLs</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#request-objects">20.5.1. Request Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#openerdirector-objects">20.5.2. OpenerDirector Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#basehandler-objects">20.5.3. BaseHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#httpredirecthandler-objects">20.5.4. HTTPRedirectHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#httpcookieprocessor-objects">20.5.5. HTTPCookieProcessor Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#proxyhandler-objects">20.5.6. ProxyHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#httppasswordmgr-objects">20.5.7. HTTPPasswordMgr Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#abstractbasicauthhandler-objects">20.5.8. AbstractBasicAuthHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#httpbasicauthhandler-objects">20.5.9. HTTPBasicAuthHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#proxybasicauthhandler-objects">20.5.10. ProxyBasicAuthHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#abstractdigestauthhandler-objects">20.5.11. AbstractDigestAuthHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#httpdigestauthhandler-objects">20.5.12. HTTPDigestAuthHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#proxydigestauthhandler-objects">20.5.13. ProxyDigestAuthHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#httphandler-objects">20.5.14. HTTPHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#httpshandler-objects">20.5.15. HTTPSHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#filehandler-objects">20.5.16. FileHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#ftphandler-objects">20.5.17. FTPHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#cacheftphandler-objects">20.5.18. CacheFTPHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#unknownhandler-objects">20.5.19. UnknownHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#httperrorprocessor-objects">20.5.20. HTTPErrorProcessor Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#examples">20.5.21. Examples</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#legacy-interface">20.5.22. Legacy interface</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#urllib-request-restrictions">20.5.23. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib.request</span></tt> Restrictions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.request.html#module-urllib.response">20.6. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib.response</span></tt> — Response classes used by urllib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.parse.html">20.7. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib.parse</span></tt> — Parse URLs into components</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.parse.html#url-parsing">20.7.1. URL Parsing</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.parse.html#parsing-ascii-encoded-bytes">20.7.2. Parsing ASCII Encoded Bytes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.parse.html#structured-parse-results">20.7.3. Structured Parse Results</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.parse.html#url-quoting">20.7.4. URL Quoting</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.error.html">20.8. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib.error</span></tt> — Exception classes raised by urllib.request</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="urllib.robotparser.html">20.9. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib.robotparser</span></tt> — Parser for robots.txt</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="http.client.html">20.10. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http.client</span></tt> — HTTP protocol client</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.client.html#httpconnection-objects">20.10.1. HTTPConnection Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.client.html#httpresponse-objects">20.10.2. HTTPResponse Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.client.html#examples">20.10.3. Examples</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.client.html#httpmessage-objects">20.10.4. HTTPMessage Objects</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="ftplib.html">20.11. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ftplib</span></tt> — FTP protocol client</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ftplib.html#ftp-objects">20.11.1. FTP Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ftplib.html#ftp-tls-objects">20.11.2. FTP_TLS Objects</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="poplib.html">20.12. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">poplib</span></tt> — POP3 protocol client</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="poplib.html#pop3-objects">20.12.1. POP3 Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="poplib.html#pop3-example">20.12.2. POP3 Example</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="imaplib.html">20.13. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">imaplib</span></tt> — IMAP4 protocol client</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imaplib.html#imap4-objects">20.13.1. IMAP4 Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imaplib.html#imap4-example">20.13.2. IMAP4 Example</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="nntplib.html">20.14. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">nntplib</span></tt> — NNTP protocol client</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="nntplib.html#nntp-objects">20.14.1. NNTP Objects</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="nntplib.html#attributes">20.14.1.1. Attributes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="nntplib.html#methods">20.14.1.2. Methods</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="nntplib.html#utility-functions">20.14.2. Utility functions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="smtplib.html">20.15. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">smtplib</span></tt> — SMTP protocol client</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="smtplib.html#smtp-objects">20.15.1. SMTP Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="smtplib.html#smtp-example">20.15.2. SMTP Example</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="smtpd.html">20.16. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">smtpd</span></tt> — SMTP Server</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="smtpd.html#smtpserver-objects">20.16.1. SMTPServer Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="smtpd.html#debuggingserver-objects">20.16.2. DebuggingServer Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="smtpd.html#pureproxy-objects">20.16.3. PureProxy Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="smtpd.html#mailmanproxy-objects">20.16.4. MailmanProxy Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="smtpd.html#smtpchannel-objects">20.16.5. SMTPChannel Objects</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="telnetlib.html">20.17. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">telnetlib</span></tt> — Telnet client</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="telnetlib.html#telnet-objects">20.17.1. Telnet Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="telnetlib.html#telnet-example">20.17.2. Telnet Example</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="uuid.html">20.18. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">uuid</span></tt> — UUID objects according to RFC 4122</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="uuid.html#example">20.18.1. Example</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="socketserver.html">20.19. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">socketserver</span></tt> — A framework for network servers</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="socketserver.html#server-creation-notes">20.19.1. Server Creation Notes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="socketserver.html#server-objects">20.19.2. Server Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="socketserver.html#requesthandler-objects">20.19.3. RequestHandler Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="socketserver.html#examples">20.19.4. Examples</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="socketserver.html#socketserver-tcpserver-example">20.19.4.1. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">socketserver.TCPServer</span></tt> Example</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="socketserver.html#socketserver-udpserver-example">20.19.4.2. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">socketserver.UDPServer</span></tt> Example</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="socketserver.html#asynchronous-mixins">20.19.4.3. Asynchronous Mixins</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="http.server.html">20.20. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http.server</span></tt> — HTTP servers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="http.cookies.html">20.21. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http.cookies</span></tt> — HTTP state management</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.cookies.html#cookie-objects">20.21.1. Cookie Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.cookies.html#morsel-objects">20.21.2. Morsel Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.cookies.html#example">20.21.3. Example</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="http.cookiejar.html">20.22. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http.cookiejar</span></tt> — Cookie handling for HTTP clients</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.cookiejar.html#cookiejar-and-filecookiejar-objects">20.22.1. CookieJar and FileCookieJar Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.cookiejar.html#filecookiejar-subclasses-and-co-operation-with-web-browsers">20.22.2. FileCookieJar subclasses and co-operation with web browsers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.cookiejar.html#cookiepolicy-objects">20.22.3. CookiePolicy Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.cookiejar.html#defaultcookiepolicy-objects">20.22.4. DefaultCookiePolicy Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.cookiejar.html#cookie-objects">20.22.5. Cookie Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="http.cookiejar.html#examples">20.22.6. Examples</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.client.html">20.23. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">xmlrpc.client</span></tt> — XML-RPC client access</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.client.html#serverproxy-objects">20.23.1. ServerProxy Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.client.html#datetime-objects">20.23.2. DateTime Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.client.html#binary-objects">20.23.3. Binary Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.client.html#fault-objects">20.23.4. Fault Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.client.html#protocolerror-objects">20.23.5. ProtocolError Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.client.html#multicall-objects">20.23.6. MultiCall Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.client.html#convenience-functions">20.23.7. Convenience Functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.client.html#example-of-client-usage">20.23.8. Example of Client Usage</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.client.html#example-of-client-and-server-usage">20.23.9. Example of Client and Server Usage</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.server.html">20.24. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">xmlrpc.server</span></tt> — Basic XML-RPC servers</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.server.html#simplexmlrpcserver-objects">20.24.1. SimpleXMLRPCServer Objects</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.server.html#simplexmlrpcserver-example">20.24.1.1. SimpleXMLRPCServer Example</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.server.html#cgixmlrpcrequesthandler">20.24.2. CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.server.html#documenting-xmlrpc-server">20.24.3. Documenting XMLRPC server</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.server.html#docxmlrpcserver-objects">20.24.4. DocXMLRPCServer Objects</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="xmlrpc.server.html#doccgixmlrpcrequesthandler">20.24.5. DocCGIXMLRPCRequestHandler</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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distrib
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Mandriva
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2010.1
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x86_64
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media
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contrib-backports
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by-pkgid
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3ba3bd1608c672ba2129b098a48e9e4d
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files
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716
