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  <div class="section" id="s-authentication-using-remote-user">
<span id="authentication-using-remote-user"></span><h1>Authentication using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">REMOTE_USER</span></tt><a class="headerlink" href="#authentication-using-remote-user" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>This document describes how to make use of external authentication sources
(where the Web server sets the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">REMOTE_USER</span></tt> environment variable) in your
Django applications.  This type of authentication solution is typically seen on
intranet sites, with single sign-on solutions such as IIS and Integrated
Windows Authentication or Apache and <a class="reference external" href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_authnz_ldap.html">mod_authnz_ldap</a>, <a class="reference external" href="http://www.jasig.org/cas">CAS</a>, <a class="reference external" href="http://weblogin.org">Cosign</a>,
<a class="reference external" href="http://www.stanford.edu/services/webauth/">WebAuth</a>, <a class="reference external" href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/mod-auth-sspi">mod_auth_sspi</a>, etc.</p>
<p>When the Web server takes care of authentication it typically sets the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">REMOTE_USER</span></tt> environment variable for use in the underlying application.  In
Django, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">REMOTE_USER</span></tt> is made available in the <a class="reference internal" href="../ref/request-response.html#django.http.HttpRequest.META" title="django.http.HttpRequest.META"><tt class="xref py py-attr docutils literal"><span class="pre">request.META</span></tt></a> attribute.  Django can be configured to make
use of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">REMOTE_USER</span></tt> value using the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RemoteUserMiddleware</span></tt> and
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RemoteUserBackend</span></tt> classes found in <a class="reference internal" href="../topics/auth.html#module-django.contrib.auth" title="django.contrib.auth: Django's authentication framework."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">django.contrib.auth</span></tt></a>.</p>
<div class="section" id="s-configuration">
<span id="configuration"></span><h2>Configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#configuration" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>First, you must add the
<tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">django.contrib.auth.middleware.RemoteUserMiddleware</span></tt> to the
<a class="reference internal" href="../ref/settings.html#std:setting-MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES"><tt class="xref std std-setting docutils literal"><span class="pre">MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES</span></tt></a> setting <strong>after</strong> the
<a class="reference internal" href="../ref/middleware.html#django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware" title="django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware</span></tt></a>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    ...
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.RemoteUserMiddleware',
    ...
    )</pre>
</div>
<p>Next, you must replace the <a class="reference internal" href="../ref/authbackends.html#django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend" title="django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">ModelBackend</span></tt></a>
with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RemoteUserBackend</span></tt> in the <a class="reference internal" href="../ref/settings.html#std:setting-AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS"><tt class="xref std std-setting docutils literal"><span class="pre">AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS</span></tt></a> setting:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="n">AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span>
    <span class="s">&#39;django.contrib.auth.backends.RemoteUserBackend&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>With this setup, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RemoteUserMiddleware</span></tt> will detect the username in
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request.META['REMOTE_USER']</span></tt> and will authenticate and auto-login that user
using the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RemoteUserBackend</span></tt>.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">Since the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RemoteUserBackend</span></tt> inherits from <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ModelBackend</span></tt>, you will
still have all of the same permissions checking that is implemented in
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ModelBackend</span></tt>.</p>
</div>
<p>If your authentication mechanism uses a custom HTTP header and not
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">REMOTE_USER</span></tt>, you can subclass <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RemoteUserMiddleware</span></tt> and set the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">header</span></tt> attribute to the desired <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request.META</span></tt> key.  For example:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">django.contrib.auth.middleware</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">RemoteUserMiddleware</span>

<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CustomHeaderMiddleware</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">RemoteUserMiddleware</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="n">header</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&#39;HTTP_AUTHUSER&#39;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="s-remoteuserbackend">
<span id="remoteuserbackend"></span><h2><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RemoteUserBackend</span></tt><a class="headerlink" href="#remoteuserbackend" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<dl class="class">
<dt id="django.contrib.auth.backends.django.contrib.auth.backends.RemoteUserBackend">
<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">django.contrib.auth.backends.</tt><tt class="descname">RemoteUserBackend</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#django.contrib.auth.backends.django.contrib.auth.backends.RemoteUserBackend" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

<p>If you need more control, you can create your own authentication backend
that inherits from <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RemoteUserBackend</span></tt> and overrides certain parts:</p>
<div class="section" id="s-attributes">
<span id="attributes"></span><h3>Attributes<a class="headerlink" href="#attributes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="attribute">
<dt id="django.contrib.auth.backends.RemoteUserBackend.create_unknown_user">
<tt class="descclassname">RemoteUserBackend.</tt><tt class="descname">create_unknown_user</tt><a class="headerlink" href="#django.contrib.auth.backends.RemoteUserBackend.create_unknown_user" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p><tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">True</span></tt> or <tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">False</span></tt>.  Determines whether or not a
<a class="reference internal" href="../topics/auth.html#django.contrib.auth.models.User" title="django.contrib.auth.models.User"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">User</span></tt></a> object is created if not already
in the database.  Defaults to <tt class="xref docutils literal"><span class="pre">True</span></tt>.</p>
</dd></dl>

</div>
<div class="section" id="s-methods">
<span id="methods"></span><h3>Methods<a class="headerlink" href="#methods" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="django.contrib.auth.backends.RemoteUserBackend.clean_username">
<tt class="descclassname">RemoteUserBackend.</tt><tt class="descname">clean_username</tt>(<em>username</em>)<a class="headerlink" href="#django.contrib.auth.backends.RemoteUserBackend.clean_username" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Performs any cleaning on the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">username</span></tt> (e.g. stripping LDAP DN
information) prior to using it to get or create a
<a class="reference internal" href="../topics/auth.html#django.contrib.auth.models.User" title="django.contrib.auth.models.User"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">User</span></tt></a> object.  Returns the cleaned
username.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="django.contrib.auth.backends.RemoteUserBackend.configure_user">
<tt class="descclassname">RemoteUserBackend.</tt><tt class="descname">configure_user</tt>(<em>user</em>)<a class="headerlink" href="#django.contrib.auth.backends.RemoteUserBackend.configure_user" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Configures a newly created user.  This method is called immediately after a
new user is created, and can be used to perform custom setup actions, such
as setting the user's groups based on attributes in an LDAP directory.
Returns the user object.</p>
</dd></dl>

</div>
</div>
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  <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
  <ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Authentication using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">REMOTE_USER</span></tt></a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#configuration">Configuration</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#remoteuserbackend"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">RemoteUserBackend</span></tt></a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#attributes">Attributes</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#methods">Methods</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>

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