#! /usr/sepp/bin/perl
# -*- mode: Perl -*-
##################################################################
# MRTG 2.9.17 -- Config file creator
##################################################################
# Created by Tobias Oetiker <oetiker@ee.ethz.ch>
# this produces an mrtg config file for one router or more routers
# by pulling info off the router via snmp
##################################################################
# Distributed under the GNU copyleft
# Copyright 2000 by Tobias Oetiker
##################################################################
# DEBUG TARGETS
# base - basic program flow
# snpo - SNMP Polling
@main::DEBUG=qw(base snpo);
#@main::DEBUG=qw();
require 5.005;
use strict;
BEGIN {
# Automatic OS detection ... do NOT touch
if ( $^O =~ /^(?:(ms)?(dos|win(32|nt)?))/i ) {
$main::OS = 'NT';
$main::SL = '\\';
$main::PS = ';';
} elsif ( $^O =~ /^VMS$/i ) {
$main::OS = 'VMS';
$main::SL = '.';
$main::PS = ':';
} else {
$main::OS = 'UNIX';
$main::SL = '/';
$main::PS = ':';
}
}
use FindBin;
use lib "${FindBin::Bin}";
use lib "${FindBin::Bin}${main::SL}..${main::SL}lib${main::SL}mrtg2";
use MRTG_lib "2.090017";
use SNMP_util "0.86";
use SNMP_Session "0.86";
use Getopt::Long;
use Pod::Usage;
use Socket;
sub main {
my %opt;
my %routers;
my %confcache;
init();
$opt{fullcmd} =
"$0 ".(join " ",
map {$_ =~ /[ \[\]\*\{\}\;\>\<\&]/ ? "'$_'" : $_ } @ARGV);
$opt{community}="public";
$opt{interfaces}=1;
options(\%opt,\%routers);
foreach my $router
(sort
{($routers{$a}{noofrouter}) <=> ($routers{$b}{noofrouter})}
keys %routers)
{
# pod2usage(-verbose=>1,-message=>"ERROR: Could not Parse $router\n")
# unless $router =~ /.*\@.*/;
debug('base',"Get Device Info on $router");
$routers{$router}{deviceinfo} = DeviceInfo($router);
if ($opt{interfaces})
{
debug('base',"Populating confcache");
populateconfcache(\%confcache,$router,1,{});
debug('base',"Get Interface Info");
InterfaceInfo(\%confcache,\%routers,$router,\%opt);
}
}
GenConf(\%opt,\%routers,\%confcache);
}
main;
exit 0;
sub InterfaceInfo($$$$) {
my $confcache = shift;
my $routers = shift;
my $router = shift;
my $opt = shift;
my @Variables = qw (ifIndex ifType ifSpeed
ifAdminStatus ifOperStatus);
if ($routers->{$router}{deviceinfo}{Vendor} eq 'cisco' &&
$routers->{$router}{deviceinfo}{sysDescr} =~ m/Version\s+(\d\d\.\d+)/) {
push @Variables, ($1 > 11.0) ? "ifAlias" : "CiscolocIfDescr";
}
my $descr = $routers->{$router}{deviceinfo}{sysDescr};
if ($routers->{$router}{deviceinfo}{Vendor} eq 'cisco' &&
$descr =~ m/Catalyst\sOperating\sSystem/ ) {
push @Variables, "CiscoCatalystPortName";
}
foreach my $var (@Variables) {
debug('base',"Walking $var");
foreach my $tuple (snmpwalk($router, $var)){
my($if,$value) = split /:/, $tuple, 2;
$routers->{$router}{$if}{$var} = $value;
}
}
# magic speed determination for portmaster IFs
if ($routers->{$router}{deviceinfo}{Vendor} eq 'portmaster') {
# We can only approximate speeds
#
# so we think that ppp can do 76800 bit/s, and slip 38400.
# (actualy, slip is a bit faster, but usualy users with newer modems
# use ppp). Alternatively, you can set async speed to 115200 or
# 230400 (the maximum speed supported by portmaster).
#
# But if the interface is ptpW (sync), max speed is 128000
# change it to your needs. On various Portmasters there are
# various numbers of sync interfaces, so modify it.
#
# The most commonly used PM-2ER has only one sync.
#
# Paul Makeev (mac@redline.ru)
#
foreach my $if (keys %{$routers->{$router}}) {
next unless $if =~ /^\d+$/;
my $ift = $routers->{$router}{$if}{ifType};
my $ifd = $routers->{$router}{$if}{RDescr};
if ($ift == 23) {
if ($ifd eq 'ptpW1') {
$routers->{$router}{$if}{ifSpeed} = 128000;
} else {
$routers->{$router}{$if}{ifSpeed} = 76800;
}
} elsif ($ift == 28) {
$routers->{$router}{$if}{ifSpeed} = 38400;
} elsif ($ift == 6) {
$routers->{$router}{$if}{ifSpeed} = 10000000;
}
}
}
# match confcache info into tree
foreach my $method (keys %{$$confcache{$router}}) {
foreach my $key (keys %{$$confcache{$router}{$method}}) {
my $if = $$confcache{$router}{$method}{$key};
next unless $if =~ /^\d+$/;
$routers->{$router}{$if}{$method} = $key;
for ($method) {
#fix special chars in ifdescr
/^Descr|Name$/ && do {
$routers->{$router}{$if}{"R$method"} = $routers->{$router}{$if}{$method};
$routers->{$router}{$if}{$method} =~ s/([ :])/\\$1/g;
next;
};
#find hostname of IF
!$$opt{noreversedns} && /^Ip$/ and do {
my $name =
gethostbyaddr(
pack('C4',
split(/\./,
$routers->{$router}{$if}{$method})),
AF_INET);
$routers->{$router}{$if}{DNSName} = ($name or "");
next;
};
}
}
}
}
sub GenConf ($$$) {
my $opt = shift;
my $routers = shift;
my $confcache = shift;
my $conf = "# Created by \n# $$opt{fullcmd}\n\n";
# print global options
$conf .= <<ECHO;
### Global Config Options
# for UNIX
# WorkDir: /home/http/mrtg
# or for NT
# WorkDir: c:\\mrtgdata
### Global Defaults
# to get bits instead of bytes and graphs growing to the right
# Options[_]: growright, bits
ECHO
foreach my $router
(sort
{($$routers{$a}{noofrouter}) <=> ($$routers{$b}{noofrouter})}
keys %$routers )
{
my $router_ref = $$routers{$router};
my $router_opt = $$router_ref{opt};
my $router_dev = $$router_ref{deviceinfo};
# Did any global options appear on the command line
# before this router? If so, include them into the
# configuration file.
if (defined $$router_opt{global}) {
foreach my $key (@{$$router_opt{global}}) {
$conf .= "$key\n";
}
}
my $syscontact = $$router_dev{sysContact};
my $html_syscontact = html_escape($syscontact);
my $syslocation = $$router_dev{sysLocation};
my $html_syslocation = html_escape($syslocation);
my $sysname = $$router_dev{sysName};
my $sysdescr = $$router_dev{sysDescr};
my $comment_sysdescr = $sysdescr;
$comment_sysdescr =~ s/[\n\r]+/\n\# /g;
my $html_sysdescr = html_escape($sysdescr);
my $router_name =
($$router_ref{routername}
. (($$router_ref{'dns-domain'})?'.':'')
. $$router_ref{'dns-domain'});
my $router_connect = $$router_ref{routerkey};
my $target_lines = "";
my $problem_lines = "";
my $head_lines = "
######################################################################
# System: $sysname
# Description: $comment_sysdescr
# Contact: $syscontact
# Location: $syslocation
######################################################################
";
my $separator_lines = "\n\n";
# Host specific config lines generation code starts HERE
if(defined $$router_opt{'host-template'}) {
# First test if the file exists and is readable, die if not.
die "File $$router_opt{'host-template'} didn't exist.\n"
unless (-e $$router_opt{'host-template'}
and -r $$router_opt{'host-template'});
# Open the file (or die).
open IF_TEMPLATE, $$router_opt{'host-template'}
or die "File $$router_opt{'host-template'} couldn't be opened.\n";
my @template_lines = readline *IF_TEMPLATE;
$@ = undef;
eval (join "", @template_lines);
die "Evaluation of the contents in the file \n\n$$router_opt{'host-template'}\ngave the error \n\n\"$@\"\n\nExiting cfgmaker\n"
if $@;
}
$conf .= ($head_lines
. $problem_lines
. $target_lines
. $separator_lines);
# Host specific config lines generation code ends HERE
if ($$router_opt{'interfaces'}) {
foreach my $ifindex (sort {int($a) <=> int($b)} keys %$router_ref) {
next unless $ifindex =~ /^\d+$/;
my $i = $$router_ref{$ifindex};
# Now define a number of variables used for this interface.
# Some variables are just used internally by cfgmaker to
# process the interface, others are provided for usage in
# host and interface templates and for interface filters.
my $if_index = $ifindex;
my $if_eth = $$i{Eth};
# does it make sense to look at the interface ?
my @prob;
my $default_ifstate = 1; # State assumed up.
my $default_iftype = 1; # iftype assumed ok.
my $if_ok = 1; #
my $default = $default_iftype && $default_ifstate;
my $if_admin = ($$i{ifAdminStatus} == 1);
my $if_oper = ($$i{ifOperStatus} == 1);
my $if_type = $$i{ifType};
my $if_is_ethernet = 0 < scalar(grep {$_ == $if_type;}
(6,7,26,62,69,117));
my $if_is_isdn = (0 < scalar (grep {$_ == $if_type;}
(20,21,63,75,76,77)));
my $if_is_dialup =
$if_is_isdn
|| (0 < scalar (grep {$_ == $if_type;}
(23,81,82,108)));
my $if_is_atm = (0 < scalar(grep {$_ == $if_type;}
(37,49,107,105,106,114,134)));
my $if_is_lan = $if_is_ethernet
|| (0 < scalar (grep {$_ == $if_type;}
(8,9,11,15,26,55,59,60,115)));
my $if_is_dsl = (0 < scalar(grep {$_ == $if_type;}
(94,95,96,97)));
my $if_is_loopback = $if_type == 24;
my $if_is_ciscovlan =
($$router_dev{Vendor} eq 'cisco'
and $$i{Descr} =~ /^V(LAN|lan)\d+$/);
# First investigate the state of the interface.
if (not defined $$router_opt{'no-down'}) {
if ($$i{ifAdminStatus} == 2) {
push @prob, "it is administratively DOWN";
$default_ifstate = 0;
} elsif ($$i{ifAdminStatus} == 3) {
push @prob, "it is in administrative TEST mode";
$default_ifstate = 0;
}
if (not defined $$router_opt{'show-op-down'}) {
if ($$i{ifOperStatus} == 2) {
push @prob, "it is operationally DOWN";
$default_ifstate = 0;
} elsif ($$i{ifOperStatus} == 3) {
push @prob, "it is in operational TEST mode";
$default_ifstate = 0;
}
}
}
# Investigate the type of the interface.
if ($$i{ifType} == 18) # by fwo@obsidian.co.za
{
push @prob, "it is a DS1 controllers";
$default_iftype = 0;
}
elsif ($$i{ifType} == 19) # by fwo@obsidian.co.za
{
push @prob, "it is a E1 controllers";
$default_iftype = 0;
}
elsif ($$i{ifType} == 24) {
push @prob, "it is a Software Loopback interface" ;
$default_iftype = 0;
}
elsif ($$i{ifType} == 30) # by blube@floridadigital.net
{
push @prob, "it is a DS3 controller";
$default_iftype = 0;
}
# elsif ($$router_dev{Vendor} eq 'cisco' and $$i{ifType} == 53) {
# push @prob, "agregate cisco interface interface does not count traffic";
# $default_iftype = 0;
# }
elsif ($$i{ifType} == 162) {
push @prob, "it is a CEF Sub-interface"; # John Begley <maslow@mediaone.net>
}
elsif ($$router_dev{Vendor} eq 'cisco'
and $$i{Descr} eq 'Null0') {
push @prob, "it is a cisco Null0 interface";
$default_iftype = 0;
}
elsif ($$router_dev{Vendor} eq 'cisco'
and $$i{Descr} =~ /^V(LAN|lan)\d+$/) {
push @prob, "it is a cisco VLAN interface";
$default_iftype = 0;
}
# If --if-filter is provided, evalutat that. If it
# returns true, clear @prob. If it returns false,
# instead add a complaint to @prob.
if (defined $$router_opt{'if-filter'})
{
if (eval($$router_opt{'if-filter'}))
{
@prob = ();
} else {
push @prob, "filter specified by --if-filter rejected the interface";
$if_ok = 0;
}
}
# Do some futher investigation if the interface makes
# sense to collect on
if ($$i{ifSpeed} == 0) {
push @prob, "has a speed of $$i{ifSpeed} which makes no sense";
$if_ok = 0;
}
my $message;
if ($message = IsCounterBroken($ifindex, $router_ref)) {
push @prob, "got '$message' from interface when trying to query";
$if_ok = 0;
}
# determine interface reference
my $if_ref;
if (defined $$router_opt{ifref}) {
for ($$router_opt{ifref}) {
/^ip$/ && do { $if_ref = "/".$$i{Ip} if $$i{Ip} ; last};
/^eth$/ && do { $if_ref = "!".$$i{Eth} if $$i{Eth}; last};
/^descr$/ && do {$if_ref = "\\".$$i{Descr} if $$i{Descr}; last};
/^name$/ && do {$if_ref = "#".$$i{Name} if $$i{Name}; last};
/^type$/ && do {$if_ref = "%".$$i{Type} if $$i{Type}; last};
/^nr$/ && do {$if_ref = $ifindex; last};
die "ERROR: Invalid value for --ifref: '$$router_opt{ifref}'\n";
}
$if_ref =~ s/&/\\&/g; # without this the complex syntax tragets will trigger.
if (not defined $if_ref) {
push @prob, "--ifref=$$router_opt{ifref} is not unique for this interface";
$if_ref = $ifindex;
$if_ok = 0;
}
} else {
$if_ref = $ifindex;
}
# issue problem report
my $problem_lines = "";
if (@prob) {
$problem_lines .= "### The following interface is commented out because:\n";
map {$problem_lines .= "### * $_\n"} @prob;
$if_ok = 0;
}
# generate Target name
my $trim_if_ref = $if_ref;
$trim_if_ref =~ s/[\#!\/\\:\s\@%]+/_/g;
$trim_if_ref =~ s/^_*(.+?)_*$/$1/;
my $target_name = "${router_name}_$trim_if_ref";
my $if_title_desc = $if_ref;
$if_title_desc =~ s/^[^\d]//;
my $if_speed = int($$i{ifSpeed} / 8);
my $if_speed_str = fmi($if_speed,$$router_ref{flags});
my $if_type_desc = IfType($$i{ifType});
my $html_if_type_desc = html_escape($if_type_desc);
my $desc_prefix = 'Traffic Analysis for ';
if (defined $$router_opt{ifdesc}) {
$desc_prefix = '';
for ($$router_opt{ifdesc}) {
/^ip$/ && do { $if_title_desc = $$i{Ip} if $$i{Ip} ; last};
/^eth$/ && do { $if_title_desc = $$i{Eth} if $$i{Eth}; last};
/^descr$/ && do {$if_title_desc = $$i{Descr} if $$i{Descr}; last};
/^alias$/ && do {$if_title_desc =
"$$i{RDescr} $$i{ifAlias} $$i{CiscolocIfDescr}";
last};
/^name$/ && do {$if_title_desc = "#".$$i{Name} if $$i{Name}; last};
/^type$/ && do {$if_title_desc = "%".$$i{Type} if $$i{Type}; last};
/^nr$/ && do {$if_title_desc = "Interface $ifindex"; last};
/^$/ && do {$if_title_desc = $if_type_desc;
$if_title_desc =~ s/^$/$$i{RDescr}/;
last};
die "ERROR: Invalid value for --ifdesc: '$$router_opt{descint}'\n";
}
}
# Now setup a large number of variables needed for the
# generation of the configuration lines.
my $port_dot = $$i{RName};
$port_dot =~ s/\//./g;
my $if_port_name = $$router_ref{$port_dot}{CiscoCatalystPortName};
$if_title_desc =~ s/\\([:@\\\/\# ])/$1/g; # unescape
my $html_if_title_desc = html_escape($if_title_desc);
my $html_desc_prefix = html_escape($desc_prefix);
my $if_ip = $$i{Ip};
my $if_snmp_descr = $$i{RDescr};
my $html_if_snmp_descr = html_escape($if_snmp_descr);
my $if_type_num = $$i{ifType};
my $if_snmp_name = $$i{RName};
my $html_if_snmp_name = html_escape($if_snmp_name);
my $if_snmp_alias = $$i{ifAlias};
my $html_if_snmp_alias = html_escape($if_snmp_alias);
my $if_cisco_descr = $$i{CiscolocIfDescr};
my $html_if_cisco_descr = html_escape($if_cisco_descr);
my $directory_name = "";
if (defined $$router_opt{subdirs}) {
$directory_name = $$router_opt{subdirs};
$directory_name =~ s/HOSTNAME/$router_name/g;
$directory_name =~ s/SNMPNAME/$$router_dev{sysName}/g;
}
my $if_dns_name = $$i{DNSName};
my $if_description = "$if_snmp_descr $if_snmp_alias $if_cisco_descr";
my $html_if_description = html_escape($if_description);
my $if_title = "$desc_prefix$if_title_desc -- $sysname";
my $html_if_title = html_escape($if_title);
my $head_lines = "### Interface $ifindex >> Descr: '$if_snmp_descr' | Name: '$if_snmp_name' | Ip: '$if_ip' | Eth: '$$i{Eth}' ###\n";
my $target_lines = "";
my $separator_lines = "\n\n";
my $default_target_directive =
"Target[$target_name]: $if_ref:$router_connect";
my $default_setenv_directive =
"SetEnv[$target_name]: MRTG_INT_IP=\"$if_ip\" MRTG_INT_DESCR=\"$if_snmp_descr\"";
my $default_directory_directive =
($directory_name
? "Directory[$target_name]: $directory_name"
: "");
my $default_maxbytes_directive =
"MaxBytes[$target_name]: $if_speed";
my $default_title_directive =
"Title[$target_name]: $html_desc_prefix$html_if_title_desc -- $sysname";
my $default_pagetop_directive
= "PageTop[$target_name]: <H1>$html_desc_prefix$html_if_title_desc -- $sysname</H1>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>System:</TD> <TD>$sysname in $html_syslocation</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD> <TD>$html_syscontact</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Description:</TD><TD>$html_if_description</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>ifType:</TD> <TD>$html_if_type_desc ($if_type_num)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>ifName:</TD> <TD>$html_if_snmp_name</TD></TR>
";
$default_pagetop_directive
.= " <TR><TD>Port Name:</TD> <TD>$if_port_name</TD></TR>\n"
if defined $if_port_name;
$default_pagetop_directive
.= " <TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD> <TD>$if_speed_str</TD></TR>\n";
$default_pagetop_directive
.= " <TR><TD>Ip:</TD> <TD>$if_ip ($if_dns_name)</TD></TR>\n" if $if_ip;
$default_pagetop_directive .= " </TABLE>";
my $default_target_lines
= ("\n"
. $default_target_directive . "\n"
. $default_setenv_directive . "\n"
. ($default_directory_directive
? ($default_directory_directive . "\n")
: "")
. $default_maxbytes_directive . "\n"
. $default_title_directive . "\n"
. $default_pagetop_directive . "\n");
# The target config generation code starts HERE.
if (defined $$router_opt{'if-template'}) {
# First test if the file exists and is readable,
# die if not.
die "File $$router_opt{'if-template'} didn't exist.\n"
unless (-e $$router_opt{'if-template'}
and -r $$router_opt{'if-template'});
# Open the file (or die).
open IF_TEMPLATE, $$router_opt{'if-template'}
or die "File $$router_opt{'if-template'} couldn't be opened.\n";
my @template_lines = readline *IF_TEMPLATE;
$@ = undef;
eval (join "", @template_lines);
die "Evaluation of the contents in the file \n\n$$router_opt{'if-template'}\ngave the error \n\n\"$@\"\n\nExiting cfgmaker\n"
if $@;
} else {
$target_lines = $default_target_lines;
}
if ($target_lines && not $if_ok) # comment out the target lines if needed
{
$target_lines =~ s/^/\# /gm;
}
$conf .= ($head_lines
. $problem_lines
. $target_lines
. $separator_lines);
}
# Target generation code ends HERE.
}
}
# print any global options which might have
# appeared on the command line after the last
# router.
if (defined $$opt{global}) {
foreach my $key (@{$$opt{global}}) {
$conf .= "$key\n";
}
}
if ($$opt{output}) {
debug ('base', "Writing $$opt{output}");
open X, ">$$opt{output}" or die "ERROR: creating $$opt{output}: $!\n";
print X $conf;
close X;
} else {
print $conf;
}
}
sub IsCounterBroken ($$) {
my $if = shift;
my $router_ref = shift;
my $router = $$router_ref{routerkey};
my $old_state = $SNMP_Session::suppress_warnings;
$SNMP_Session::suppress_warnings = 3;
if ($router =~ /:\d*:\d*:\d*:\d*:2$/) {
# anybody knows why /:(\d*:){4}2$/ does not work ?
snmpget($router, 'ifHCInOctets.'.$if);
if($SNMP_Session::errmsg){
$SNMP_Session::errmsg = undef;
$$router_ref{'snmp-options'} =~ s/:2$/:1/;
debug('base',"SNMPv2c ifHCInOctets.$if faild ... Drop back to V1");
} else {
$SNMP_Session::suppress_warnings = $old_state;
return 0;
}
}
$router = "$$router_ref{community}\@$$router_ref{routername}$$router_ref{'snmp-options'}";
snmpget($router, 'ifInOctets.'.$if);
if (defined $SNMP_Session::errmsg) {
my $error = $SNMP_Session::errmsg;
$SNMP_Session::errmsg = undef;
$error =~ s/\n/\n### /g;
$SNMP_Session::suppress_warnings = $old_state;
return $error;
}
$SNMP_Session::suppress_warnings = $old_state;
return 0;
}
sub DeviceInfo ($) {
my $router=shift;
my @variables = qw(sysDescr sysContact
sysName sysLocation
sysObjectID);
my %DevInfo;
if (@DevInfo{@variables} = snmpget($router, @variables)) {
# remove \r from sysDescr
# $DevInfo{sysDescr} =~ s/[\n\r]+/\n# /g;
# vendor identification
for ($DevInfo{sysObjectID}) {
$DevInfo{Vendor} = 'cisco' if /^\Q1.3.6.1.4.1.9.\E/;
$DevInfo{Vendor} = 'portmaster' if /^\Q1.3.6.1.4.1.307.\E/;
debug('base',"Vendor Id: $DevInfo{Vendor}");
};
return \%DevInfo;
} else {
# we just die because the snmp module has already complained
exit 1;
}
}
sub fmi ($$) {
my $number = shift;
my $flags = shift;
my(@short);
if ($$flags{bits} eq "set"){
$number*=8;
@short = ("bits/s","kbits/s","Mbits/s","Gbits/s");
} else {
@short = ("Bytes/s","kBytes/s","MBytes/s","GBytes/s");
}
my $digits=length("".$number);
my $divm=0;
while ($digits-$divm*3 > 4) { $divm++; }
my $divnum = $number/10**($divm*3);
return sprintf("%1.1f %s",$divnum,$short[$divm]);
}
sub IfType ($) {
return {'1'=>'Other',
'2'=>'regular1822',
'3'=>'hdh1822',
'4'=>'ddnX25',
'5'=>'rfc877x25',
'6'=>'ethernetCsmacd',
'7'=>'iso88023Csmacd',
'8'=>'iso88024TokenBus',
'9'=>'iso88025TokenRing',
'10'=>'iso88026Man',
'11'=>'starLan',
'12'=>'proteon10Mbit',
'13'=>'proteon80Mbit',
'14'=>'hyperchannel',
'15'=>'fddi',
'16'=>'lapb',
'17'=>'sdlc',
'18'=>'ds1',
'19'=>'e1',
'20'=>'basicISDN',
'21'=>'primaryISDN',
'22'=>'propPointToPointSerial',
'23'=>'ppp',
'24'=>'softwareLoopback',
'25'=>'eon',
'26'=>'ethernet-3Mbit',
'27'=>'nsip',
'28'=>'slip',
'29'=>'ultra',
'30'=>'ds3',
'31'=>'sip',
'32'=>'frame-relay',
'33'=>'rs232',
'34'=>'para',
'35'=>'arcnet',
'36'=>'arcnetPlus',
'37'=>'atm',
'38'=>'miox25',
'39'=>'sonet',
'40'=>'x25ple',
'41'=>'iso88022llc',
'42'=>'localTalk',
'43'=>'smdsDxi',
'44'=>'frameRelayService',
'45'=>'v35',
'46'=>'hssi',
'47'=>'hippi',
'48'=>'modem',
'49'=>'aal5',
'50'=>'sonetPath',
'51'=>'sonetVT',
'52'=>'smdsIcip',
'53'=>'propVirtual',
'54'=>'propMultiplexor',
'55'=>'100BaseVG',
'56'=>'Fibre Channel',
'57'=>'HIPPI Interface',
'58'=>'Obsolete for FrameRelay',
'59'=>'ATM Emulation of 802.3 LAN',
'60'=>'ATM Emulation of 802.5 LAN',
'61'=>'ATM Emulation of a Circuit',
'62'=>'FastEthernet (100BaseT)',
'63'=>'ISDN & X.25',
'64'=>'CCITT V.11/X.21',
'65'=>'CCITT V.36',
'66'=>'CCITT G703 at 64Kbps',
'67'=>'Obsolete G702 see DS1-MIB',
'68'=>'SNA QLLC',
'69'=>'Full Duplex Fast Ethernet (100BaseFX)',
'70'=>'Channel',
'71'=>'Radio Spread Spectrum (802.11)',
'72'=>'IBM System 360/370 OEMI Channel',
'73'=>'IBM Enterprise Systems Connection',
'74'=>'Data Link Switching',
'75'=>'ISDN S/T Interface',
'76'=>'ISDN U Interface',
'77'=>'Link Access Protocol D (LAPD)',
'78'=>'IP Switching Opjects',
'79'=>'Remote Source Route Bridging',
'80'=>'ATM Logical Port',
'81'=>'AT&T DS0 Point (64 Kbps)',
'82'=>'AT&T Group of DS0 on a single DS1',
'83'=>'BiSync Protocol (BSC)',
'84'=>'Asynchronous Protocol',
'85'=>'Combat Net Radio',
'86'=>'ISO 802.5r DTR',
'87'=>'Ext Pos Loc Report Sys',
'88'=>'Apple Talk Remote Access Protocol',
'89'=>'Proprietary Connectionless Protocol',
'90'=>'CCITT-ITU X.29 PAD Protocol',
'91'=>'CCITT-ITU X.3 PAD Facility',
'92'=>'MultiProtocol Connection over Frame/Relay',
'93'=>'CCITT-ITU X213',
'94'=>'Asymetric Digitial Subscriber Loop (ADSL)',
'95'=>'Rate-Adapt Digital Subscriber Loop (RDSL)',
'96'=>'Symetric Digitial Subscriber Loop (SDSL)',
'97'=>'Very High Speed Digitial Subscriber Loop (HDSL)',
'98'=>'ISO 802.5 CRFP',
'99'=>'Myricom Myrinet',
'100'=>'Voice recEive and transMit (voiceEM)',
'101'=>'Voice Foreign eXchange Office (voiceFXO)',
'102'=>'Voice Foreign eXchange Station (voiceFXS)',
'103'=>'Voice Encapulation',
'104'=>'Voice Over IP Encapulation',
'105'=>'ATM DXI',
'106'=>'ATM FUNI',
'107'=>'ATM IMA',
'108'=>'PPP Multilink Bundle',
'109'=>'IBM IP over CDLC',
'110'=>'IBM Common Link Access to Workstation',
'111'=>'IBM Stack to Stack',
'112'=>'IBM Virtual IP Address (VIPA)',
'113'=>'IBM Multi-Protocol Channel Support',
'114'=>'IBM IP over ATM',
'115'=>'ISO 802.5j Fiber Token Ring',
'116'=>'IBM Twinaxial Data Link Control (TDLC)',
'117'=>'Gigabit Ethernet',
'118'=>'Higher Data Link Control (HDLC)',
'119'=>'Link Access Protocol F (LAPF)',
'120'=>'CCITT V.37',
'121'=>'CCITT X.25 Multi-Link Protocol',
'122'=>'CCITT X.25 Hunt Group',
'123'=>'Transp HDLC',
'124'=>'Interleave Channel',
'125'=>'Fast Channel',
'126'=>'IP (for APPN HPR in IP Networks)',
'127'=>'CATV MAC Layer',
'128'=>'CATV Downstream Interface',
'129'=>'CATV Upstream Interface',
'130'=>'Avalon Parallel Processor',
'131'=>'Encapsulation Interface',
'132'=>'Coffee Pot',
'133'=>'Circuit Emulation Service',
'134'=>'ATM Sub Interface',
'135'=>'Layer 2 Virtual LAN using 802.1Q',
'136'=>'Layer 3 Virtual LAN using IP',
'137'=>'Layer 3 Virtual LAN using IPX',
'138'=>'IP Over Power Lines',
'139'=>'Multi-Media Mail over IP',
'140'=>'Dynamic synchronous Transfer Mode (DTM)',
'141'=>'Data Communications Network',
'142'=>'IP Forwarding Interface',
'162'=>'Cisco Express Forwarding Interface',
}->{(shift)};
}
sub options () {
my $opt = shift;
my $routers = shift;
my $noofrouter = 0; # How many routers we've seen on cmdline.
# The $flags hash stores what we've seen in Options[_],
# Options[^] and Options[$] so far.
# A cmdline arg like --global 'Options[_]: bits' will insert
# the element $$flags{default}{bits}="set".
# Similarly --global 'Options[$]:' will delete all elements
# in $$flags{append}
#
# This was originally created to manipulate the "bits" flag
# so fmi should know when to use "bits" or "bytes". It might
# be overkill to use such a comples solution but it makes life
# easier if cfgmaker in the future has to be extended to be
# aware of other Options[] settings like gauge, growright etc.
my %flags;
{
my $def = {};
my $pre = {};
my $app = {};
%flags = (default => $def,
prepend => $pre,
append => $app);
}
my $addrouter_ornf = addrouter($opt,
$routers,
\$noofrouter,
\%flags);
Getopt::Long::Configure("permute");
GetOptions( $opt,
'help|?',
'man',
'subdirs=s',
'no-down',
'show-op-down',
'descint',
'noreversedns',
'ifref=s',
'ifdesc=s',
'if-filter=s',
'if-template=s',
'interfaces!',
'host-template=s',
'community=s',
'snmp-options=s',
'dns-domain=s',
'version',
'output=s',
'global=s@',
'<>', $addrouter_ornf) or pod2usage(2);
die("cfgmaker for mrtg-2.9.17\n") if $$opt{version};
pod2usage(-exitval => 0, -verbose => 2) if $$opt{man};
pod2usage(-verbose => 1) if not keys %$routers;
}
# The callback routine used by GetOptions to process "non-option
# strings" (routers) among the arguments is given only ONE argument.
# However, I want it to be able to specify both the %options hash
# (for read access) and the %routers hash (for modifying) as well
# as the router's name. This makes for three arguments.
#
# The solution is to use a closure. addrouter takes a opt hash, a
# routers hash, an index to the current number of routers and a flags
# hash and then returns a function which "remembers" these
# values (the closure) but also takes an argument (the router name).
sub addrouter() {
my $opt = shift;
my $routers = shift;
my $noofrouter = shift;
my $flags = shift;
return sub {
my $rawname = shift;
$$noofrouter++; # First increase the number of routers seen.
my ($community,$routername,$routerkey,$snmpopt,$dnsdomain,$tmpname,@tmpsnmp);
# Now make sure that the router is defined with the
# proper community, domainname and SNMP options.
# Dissect the rawname to find out what it contains.
# First split the rawname on SNMP options:
($tmpname,@tmpsnmp) = split ':',$rawname;
# Then check for community:
if ($tmpname =~ /(.+)\@(.+)/)
{
# Community were given explicitly!
$community = $1;
$routername = $2
} else {
$community = $$opt{community};
$routername = $tmpname;
}
# Now setup the SNMP options.
if (not defined $$opt{'snmp-options'})
{
$snmpopt = ':' . (join ':', @tmpsnmp); # No merge needed.
} else {
my ($t,$o,@s);
my @optsnmp = split ':',$$opt{'snmp-options'};
# Trim first element as the SNMP options start
# with a colon and thus the first element is a
# dummy "" string not corresponding to any SNMP option
# (or rather, corresponding to a router, if there had
# been one...)
shift @optsnmp;
while ((scalar @tmpsnmp > 0)
or (scalar @optsnmp > 0)) {
$t = shift @tmpsnmp;
$o = shift @optsnmp;
if(not defined $t) {$t = "";}
if(not defined $o) {$o = "";}
if($t ne "")
{
push @s, $t;
} else {
push @s, $o;
}
}
$snmpopt = ':' . (join ':', @s);
}
my $newopt={}; # Perhaps unecessary initialization but...
foreach my $o (keys %$opt) {
my $ovalue = $$opt{$o};
$$newopt{$o} = $ovalue
unless
($o =~ /^fullcmd$/ or
$o =~ /^community$/ or
$o =~ /^snmp-options$/ or
$o =~ /^global$/ or
$o =~ /^output$/
);
# Ok, copy the --globals array from $$opt so we know
# that which global(s) to print out into the config.
push @{$$newopt{$o}}, @{$$opt{$o}} if ($o =~ /^global$/);
# Go through these --global statements one by one.
# If anyone of them contains Options[] for any of the
# targets [_], [^] or [_], process those statements
# tenderly and populate the $$flags{}{} hashes accordingly.
for my $g (@{$$opt{"global"}})
{
my ($t,$fs);
$g =~ /^options\[([_^\$])\]:\s*(.*)$/i;
$t = $1;
$fs = $2;
$t =~ s/_/default/;
$t =~ s/\^/prepend/;
$t =~ s/\$/append/;
# If a line like "options[X]:" is found clear
# all flags for that category and then go to next
# --global 'Options[..' line if any.
if ($fs =~ /^\s*$/)
{
$$flags{$t} = {};
next;
} else {
for my $f (split ',',$fs)
{
$$flags{$t}{$f} = "set";
}
}
}
$$opt{$o} = [] if ($o =~ /^global$/);
}
# Now let this router get it's own copy of
# the "currently effective" flags.
# Note, Options[_] should only be considered
# if Options[^] and Options[$] both are absent.
my $newflags = {};
if((0 == keys %{$$flags{prepend}})
and (0== keys %{$$flags{append}}))
{
for my $f (keys %{$$flags{default}})
{
$$newflags{$f}="set";
}
} else {
for my $f (keys %{$$flags{prepend}},
keys %{$$flags{append}})
{
$$newflags{$f}="set";
}
}
if(defined $$opt{'dns-domain'}) {
$dnsdomain=$$opt{'dns-domain'};
}else{
$dnsdomain="";
}
$routerkey =
"${community}\@${routername}"
. (($dnsdomain eq "")?"":".")
. "${dnsdomain}${snmpopt}";
$$routers{$routerkey}=
{
# rawname is the unprocessed string from the
# command line.
rawname => $rawname,
# opt is the commandline options which are
# in effect for THIS particular router.
opt => $newopt,
# noofrouter is the unique number for the
# router. The first router on the command
# line is given number 1, the second number 2
# and so on.
noofrouter => $$noofrouter,
# flags contains which --global 'Options[^_$]: flags'
# are effective for THIS particular router.
flags => $newflags,
# community is the SNMP community used for the router
community => $community,
# snmpopt is the SNMP options on the form
# [port[:timeout[:retries[:backoff[:version]]]]]
# The empty string simply means that no
# specific SNMP options has been given.
'snmp-options' => $snmpopt,
# dns-domain is a domain which should be added
# to the routers hostname.
# e.g if dns-domain is place.xyz and host is router
# the host "router.place.xyz" will be polled.
# If host is "router.dept" the poll will be against
# "router.dept.place.xyz".
'dns-domain' => $dnsdomain,
# routername is the routers name as given on the
# command line but with SNMP community (if given)
# and SNMP options (if given) stripped.
#
# (Yes, routername COULD be on the form
# "host.domain" or "host.subdomain.domain")
#
routername => $routername,
# routerkey is the same as the has key used for the
# router, which is the router name with everything
# taken into account: community, dns-domain and
# snmp-options. This is the value used when doing
# SNMP communication with the router.
routerkey => $routerkey,
};
}
}
sub html_escape ($) {
my $s = shift;
$s =~ s/&/&/g;
$s =~ s/</</g;
$s =~ s/>/>/g;
$s =~ s/[\n\r]+([^\n\r])/<BR>\n $1/g;
return $s;
}
sub init () {
snmpmapOID('sysObjectID' => '1.3.6.1.2.1.1.2.0',
'CiscolocIfDescr' => '1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.2.1.1.28',
'CiscoCatalystPortName' => '1.3.6.1.4.1.9.5.1.4.1.1.4',
'ifAlias' => '1.3.6.1.2.1.31.1.1.1.18');
}
__END__
=head1 NAME
cfgmaker - Creates mrtg.cfg files (for mrtg-2.9.17)
=head1 SYNOPSIS
cfgmaker [options] [community@]router [[options] [community@]router ...]
=head1 OPTIONS
--ifref=nr interface references by Interface Number (default)
--ifref=ip ... by Ip Address
--ifref=eth ... by Ethernet Number
--ifref=descr ... by Interface Description
--ifref=name ... by Interface Name
--ifref=type ... by Interface Type
--ifdesc=nr interface description uses Interface Number (default)
--ifdesc=ip ... uses Ip Address
--ifdesc=eth ... uses Ethernet Number
--ifdesc=descr ... uses Interface Description
--ifdesc=name ... uses Interface Name
--ifdesc=alias ... uses Interface Alias
--ifdesc=type ... uses Interface Type
--if-filter=f Test every interface against filter f to decide wether
or not to include that interface into the collection.
Currently f is being evaluated as a Perl expression
and it's truth value is used to reject or accept the
interface.
(Experimental, under development, might change)
--if-template=templatefile
Replace the normal target entries for the interfaces
with an entry as specified by the contents in the file
templatefile. The file is supposed to contain Perl
code to be executed to generate the lines for the
target in the configuration file.
(Experimental, under development, might change)
--host-template=templatefile
In addition to creating targets for a host's interfaces
do also create targets for the host itself as specified
by the contents in the file templatefile. The file is
supposed to contain Perl code to be executed to generate
the lines for the host related targets (such as CPU,
ping response time measurements etc.) in the config-
uration file.
(Experimental, under development, might change)
--global "x: a" add global config entries
--no-down do not look at admin or opr status of interfaces
--show-op-down show interfaces which are operatively down
--descint describe interface instead of just 'Traffic Analysis for'
--subdirs=format give each router its own subdirectory, naming each per
"format", in which HOSTNAME and SNMPNAME will be
replaced by the values of those items -- for instance,
--subdirs=HOSTNAME or --subdirs="HOSTNAME (SNMPNAME)"
--noreversedns do not reverse lookup ip numbers
--community=cmty Set the default community string to "cmty" instead of
"public".
--snmp-options=:[<port>][:[<tmout>][:[<retr>][:[<backoff>][:<ver>]]]]
Specify default SNMP options to be appended to all
routers following. Individual fields can be empty.
Routers following might override some or all of the
options given to --snmp-options.
--dns-domain=domain
Specifies a domain to append to the name of all
routers following.
--nointerfaces Don't do generate any configuration lines for interfaces,
skip the step of gathering interface information and
don't run any interface template code.
--interfaces Generate configuration lines for interfaces (this is the
default). The main purpose of this option is to negate
an --nointerfaces appearing earlier on the command line.
--help brief help message
--man full documentation
--version print the version of cfgmaker
--output=file output filename default is STDOUT
=head1 DESCRIPTION
B<Cfgmaker> creates MRTG configuration files based on information
pulled from a router or another SNMP manageable device.
[I<community>B<@>]I<router>
I<Community> is the community name of the device you want to create a
configuration for. If not specified, it defaults to 'B<public>'; you might
want to try this first if you do not know the community name of a
device. If you are using the wrong comunity name you will get no
response from the device.
I<Router> is the DNS name or the IP number of an SNMP-managable device.
Following the name you can specify 6 further options separated by
colons. The full syntax looks like this:
B<router>[:[B<prt>][:[B<tmout>][:[B<retr>][:[B<backoff>][:B<vers>]]]]]
Of special interest may be the last parameter, B<vers>. If you set this to
'2' then your device will be queried with SNMP version 2 requests. This
allows to poll the 64 bit traffic counters in the device and will thus work
much better with fast interfaces (no more counter overrun). Note that the
order in which the routers are specified on the command line do matter as
the same order is used when the configuration file is generated. The first
specified router has it's configuration lines genrated first, followed by
the lines belonging to the next router and so on.
=head2 Configuration
Except for the B<--output> and B<--global> options, all options affect
only the routers following them on the command line. If an option
specified earlier on the command line reappears later on the command
line with another value, the new value overrides the old value as far as
remaining routers are concerned. This way options might be tailored for
groups of routers or for individual routers.
See B<--output> and B<--global> for how their behaviour is affected by
where or how many times they appear on the command line.
See the B<Examples> below on how to set an option differently for
multiple routers.
=over
=item B<--help>
Print a brief help message and exit.
=item B<--man>
Prints the manual page and exits.
=item B<--version>
Print the version of cfgmaker. This should match the version of MRTG
for which config files are being created.
=item B<--ifref> B<nr>|B<ip>|B<eth>|B<descr>|B<name>
Select the interface identification method. Default is B<nr> which
identifies the router interfaces by their number. Unfortunately the
interface numbering scheme in an SNMP tree can change. Some routers
change their numbering when new interfaces are added, others change
thier numbering every full moon just for fun.
To work around this sad problem MRTG can identify interfaces by 4
other properties. None of these works for all interfaces, but you
should be able to find one which does fine for you. Note that
especially ethernet addrsses can be problematic as some routers have
the same ethernet address on most of their interface cards.
Select B<ip> to identify the interface by its IP number. Use B<eth> to
use the ethernet address for identification. Use B<descr> to use
the Interface description. Or use B<name> to use the Interface name.
If your chosen method does not allow unique interface identification on
the device you are querying, B<cfgmaker> will tell you about it.
=item B<--ifdesc> B<nr>|B<ip>|B<eth>|B<descr>|B<name>|B<type>|B<alias>
Select what to use as the description of the interface. The description
appears in the C<Title[]> property for the target as well as the text header
in the HTML code defined in the target's C<PageTop[]>. Default is to use
B<nr> which is just the interface number which isn't always useful
to the viewer of the graphs.
There are 6 other properties which could be used. Use B<ip> if you want
to use the interface's IP-address. Use B<eth> if you want to use the
interface's ethernet address. If you want a better description, you can
use either B<descr>, B<name> or B<alias>. Exactly what each of these do
varies between different equipment so you might need to experiment. For
instance, for a serial interface on a Cisco router running IOS using B<name>
might result in C<"S0"> being the interface description , B<descr> might result
in C<"Serial0"> and B<alias> might result in C<"Link to HQ"> (provided that is
what is used as the interface's C<description> in the router's configuration).
Finally, if you want to describe the interface by it's Btype
(i.e C<"ethernetCSMA">, C<"propPointtoPoint"> etc) you can use B<type>. This is
roughly equivalent to the B<--descint> option above.
=item B<--if-filter> 'B<filter-expression>'
First of all, this is under some developement and is experimental.
Use this if you want to have better control over what interfaces gets
included into the configuration. The B<filter-expression> is evaluated
as a piece of Perl code and is expected
to return a truth value. If true, include the interface and if false,
exclude the interface.
For a further discussion on how these filters work, see the section
L<DETAILS ON FILTERS> below.
=item B<--if-template> B<template-file>
First of all, this is under some development and is experimental.
Use this if you want to control what the line for each target should look
like in the configuration file. The contents of the file B<template-file>
will be evaluated as a Perl program which generates the lines using certain
variables for input and output.
For a further discussion on how these templates work, see the section
L<DETAILS ON TEMPLATES> below.
=item B<--host-template> B<template-file>
First of all, this is under some development and is experimental.
Use this if you want to have some extra targets related to the host itself
such as CPU utilization, ping response time to the host, number of busy
modems etc. The contents of the file B<template-file> will be evaluated
once per host as a Perl program which generates the lines using certain
variables for input and output.
For a further discussion on how these templates work, see the section
L<DETAILS ON TEMPLATES> below.
=item B<--community> B<community-string>
Use this to set the community for the routers following on the command
line to B<community-string>. Individual routers might overrride this
community string by using the syntax B<community>B<@>B<router>.
=item B<--snmp-options> :[B<port>][:[B<timeout>][:[B<retries>][:[B<backoff>][:B<version>]]]]
Use this to set the default SNMP options for all routers following on the
command line. Individual values might be omitted as well as trailing
colons. Note that routers might override individual (or all) values
specified by B<--snmp-options> by using the syntax
B<router>[:[B<port>][:[B<timeout>][:[B<retries>][:[B<backoff>][:B<version>]]]]]
=item B<--global> B<">I<bla: abc>B<">
Use this to add global options to the generated config file.
You can call B<--global> several times to add multiple options.
The line will appear in the configuration just before the config for
the next router appearing on the command line.
--global "workdir: /home/mrtg"
If you want some default Options you might want to put
--global "options[_]: growright,bits"
Specifying B<--global> after the last router on the command line will
create a line in the configuration file which will appear after all the
routers.
=item B<--noreversedns>
Do not try to reverse lookup IP numbers ... a must for DNS free environments.
=item B<--no-down>
Normally cfgmaker will not include interfaces which are marked
anything but administratively and operationally UP. With this
switch you get them all.
=item B<--show-op-down>
Include interfaces which are operatively down.
=item B<--subdirs> I<format>
Give each router its own subdirectory for the HTML and graphics (or
.rrd) files. The directory name is the given I<format> string with a
couple of pattern replacements. The string "HOSTNAME" will be
replaced by the hostname of the router (however you specified it on
the B<cfgmaker> commandline -- it may be an actual hostname or just an
IP address), and "SNMPNAME" will be replaced with the device's idea of
its own name (the same name that appears on the right side of the
"Title" lines). For instance, a call like:
cfgmaker --subdirs=HOSTNAME__SNMPNAME public@10.10.0.18
would result in the generation of lines looking something like:
Directory[10.10.0.18_1]: 10.10.0.18__fp2200-bothrip-1.3
=item B<--output> I<file>
Write the output from B<cfgmaker> into the file I<file>. The default
is to use C<STDOUT>. B<--output> is expected to appear only once on the
command line. If used multiple times, the file specified by the last
B<--output> will be used.
=item B<--nointerfaces>
Don't generate configuration lines for interfaces.
This makes cfgmaker skip all steps related to interfaces which means
it will not do any polling of the router to retrieve interface
information which speeds up the execution of cfgmaker and it will
neither run any interface templates.
=item B<--interfaces>
This makes cfgmaker generate configuration lines for interfaces (the
default behaviour).
The main usage of this option is to negate an --nointerfaces appearing
earlier on the command line.
=back
=head1 DETAILS ON FILTERS
The purpose of the filters is to decide which interfaces to accept and
which interfaces to reject. This decision is done for each interface by
evaluating the filter expression as a piece of Perl code and investigating
the result of the evaluation. If true, accept the interface otherwise
reject it.
When working with filters, remember that Perl has it's own idea of what truth
and false is. The empty string "" and the string "0" are false, all other
strings are true. This further imples that any integer value of 0 is
false as well as any undef value. It also implies that all references
are considered true.
As the filter is evaluated as a Perl expression, several useful constructs
in Perl are worth mentioning:
Expressions might be grouped by using parentheses "()". Expressions might
be combined using boolean operators such as the following:
=over
=item "B<and>" (equivalent with "B<&&>")
Boolean "and" of the two expressions, is only true if both expressions are
true. Example: I<expression1> B<and> I<expression2>
=item "B<or>" (equivalent with "B<||>")
Boolean "or" of the two expressions, is true if either or both expressions
are true. Example: I<expression1> B<or> I<expression2>
=item "B<not>" (equivalent with "B<!>")
Boolean negation of a single expression. Example: B<not> I<expression> .
Yet another example: B<!>I<expression>
=back
(For more details on this I recommend a book on Perl)
=head2 Predefined Filter Variables
To facilitate, there are a number of predefined values available to use
in the filter. Note that these variables are also available when templates
interfaces are evaluated (but not host templates).
Caveat: All these variables' names begin with a dollar sign ($), which
is a syntactic requirement for scalar variables in Perl. The danger here
is that the dollar sign in many shells is an active character (often
used for shell variables exactly as in Perl variables) so it is important
to ensure that the Perl expression isn't evaluated by the command line
shell as shell code before being passed to cfgmaker as command line
arguments. In shells like Bourne shell, ksh shell or bash shell, placing
the entire expression within single qoutes will avoid such accidental
evaluation:
'--if-filter=($default_iftype && $if_admin)'
=over
=item B<$if_type>
This is an integer specifying the interface type as
per the SNMP standards and as reported by the polled device. A complete list
of interface types would be impractical for this document , but there are
a number predefined varables below. Normally, cfgmaker puts in the target's
PageTop this iftype value within paranthesis after the name of the interface
type. (e.g "propPointToPointSerial (22)").
Here's a list of some of the most common interface types by number:
6 ethernetCsmacd
7 iso88023Csmacd
9 iso88025TokenRing
15 fddi
19 E1
20 basicISDN
21 primaryISDN
22 propPointToPointSerial
23 ppp
24 softwareLoopback
30 ds3
32 frame-relay
33 rs232
37 atm
39 sonet
44 frameRelayService
46 hssi
49 aal5
53 propVirtual
62 Fast Ethernet (100BaseT)
63 ISDN & X.25
69 Full Duplex Fast Ethernet (100BaseFX)
94 Asymetric Digital Subscriber Loop (ADSL)
117 Gigabit Ethernet
134 ATM Sub Interface
=item B<$default>
True if and only if cfgmaker normally should
accepted the interface based on the interfaces administrative and
operational state (taking the flags B<--no-down> and B<--show-op-down> into
account) and it's type (and a few other things).
=item B<$default_ifstate>
True if and only if cfgmaker would have accepted the
interface based on it's operational and administrative states (also taking
into account the presence of the flags B<--no-down> and B<--show-op-down>).
=item B<$default_iftype>
True if and only if cfgmaker would have accepted the
interface based on it's type (and a few type specific details in addition).
=item B<$if_admin>
True if and only if the interface is in an adminstrative up
state.
=item B<$if_oper>
True if and only if the interface is in an operational up
state.
=back
A number of variables are also predefined to easily decide if an interface
belong to a certain cathegory or not. Below is all those variables listed
together with which if_type numbers each variable will be true for. Note
that some variables refer to other variables as well.
=over
=item B<$if_is_ethernet>
True for ethernet interfaces (nr 6, 7, 26, 62, 69 and 117).
=item B<$if_is_isdn>
True for various ISDN interface types (nr 20, 21, 63, 75, 76 and 77)
=item B<$if_is_dialup>
True for dial-up interfaces such as PPP as well
as ISDN. (nr 23, 81, 82 and 108 in addition to the numbers of
B<$if_is_isdn>).
=item B<$if_is_atm>
True for miscellaneous ATM related interface types (nr 37, 49, 107, 105,
106, 114 and 134).
=item B<$if_is_lan>
True for LAN interfaces (8, 9, 11, 15, 26, 55, 59, 60 and 115 in addition
to the numbers of B<$if_is_ethernet>).
=item B<$if_is_dsl>
True for ADSL, RDSL, HDSL and SDSL (nr 94, 95, 96, 97)
=item B<$if_is_loopback>
True for software loopback interfaces (nr 24)
=item B<$if_is_ciscovlan>
True for Cisco VLAN interfaces (interfaces with the
word Vlan or VLAN in their ifdescs)
=back
Besides of that, all the variables available in cfgmaker is at the scripts
disposal even if the use of such features is discouraged. More
"shortcuts" in the form of variables and functions will be made avaiable in
the future instead.
=head2 Examples on Filters
The following filter will not affect which interfaces get's included or
excluded, it will make cfgmaker behave as normally.
'--if-filter=$default'
The following filter will make cfgmaker exclude PPP (23) interfaces:
'--if-filter=$default && $if_type!=23'
The following filter will make cfgmaker behave as usual except that it will
consider the operational state of an interface irrelevant but still reject
all interfaces which are administratively down.
'--if-filter=$if_admin && $default_iftype'
=head1 DETAILS ON TEMPLATES
The contents of the template files are evaluated as a Perl program. A
number or Perl variables are available for the program to read and others
are used to be written to.
As quite a few of the predefined variables has values which are are supposed
to be used in HTML code some of them have an "HTML-escaped" variant, e.g
$html_syslocation is the HTML escaped variant of $syslocation. The HTML
escaping means that the chars "<", ">" and "&" are replaced by "<",
">" and "&" and that newlines embedded in the string are prepended
with "<BR>" and appended with a space character (if a newline is last in the
string it is not touched).
=head2 Writable Template Variables
These are the variables available to store the configuration lines in.
Some of them are initialized prior to the evaluation of the template but
such content normally is comments for inclusion in the final configuration
file so those variables might be reset to the empty string in the template
code to eliminate the comments. The other way around is also possible, the
contents of these variables might be extended with further information
for various reasons such as debugging etc.
Once the template has been evaluated, the following happens: if the
template is a interface template and the actual interface for some reason
is rejected and thus needs to be commented out, all the lines in the
variable B<$target_lines> are turned into comments by adding a hash mark
("#") at their beginning. Then all the variables B<$head_lines>,
B<$problem_lines> , B<$target_lines> and B<$separator_lines>
are concatenated together to form the lines to add to the configuration file.
=over
=item B<$target_lines>
This variable is the placeholder for the configuration lines created
by the template. B<$target_lines> is predefined to be empty when
the template code is evaluated.
=item B<$head_lines>
This variable is intended to be the placeholder for the comment line
appearing just before the target in the configuration file. It is
initialized with that comment line before the evaluation of the template
code and if the template doesn't modify B<$head_lines> during evaluation,
the comment will look like usual in the config file.
=item B<$problem_lines>
This variable is intended to be the placholder for the comment lines
describing any problems which might have been encountered when trying
to add the target into the configuration. For host templates it's
normally not used and for those it's predefined as the empty string.
For interface templates B<$problem_lines> is predefined with
the error description comments which cfgmaker normally would use for
rejected interfaces or as the empty string for accepted interfaces.
It is possible to test against B<$problem_lines> to find out if
an interface will be included or rejected but this is not recommended.
Test against B<$if_ok> instead.
=item B<$separator_lines>
This variable is the placeholder for the string to use as the separator
between the code for individual targets. The contents of this variable
is put after each target (so the lines will appear after the end of the
last target in the config as well).
=back
=head2 Predefined Template Variables
All the variables below are available for interface templates to use.
For host templates, only those listed under L<Host and System Variables>
are available.
For interface templates the variables listed under
L<Predefined Filter Variables> are also available.
=head3 Host and System Variables
=over
=item B<$router_name>
This is the fully qualified name for the router. It is affected by the
following items on the command line: the router name itself and
B<--dns-domain>.
=item B<$router_connect>
This is the reference string for the router being polled. It is on the
form community@router possibly followed by some snmp options. It is
affected by the following items on the command line: the router name
itself, B<--community>, B<--snmp-options> and B<--dns-domain>.
(There's no HTML escaped variant available)
=item B<$directory_name>
This variable should contain the directory name as cfgmaker normally would
use as the value for the "Directory[]" directive. The value is determined
by the B<--subdirs> command line option. If B<--subdirs> isn't specified
B<$directory_name> will be the empty string. (There's no HTML escaped
variant available)
=item B<$syscontact>
This variable is the router's SNMP sysContact value. (HTML escaped
variant: B<$html_syscontact>)
=item B<$sysname>
This variable is the router's SNMP sysName value. (No HTML escaped
variant available)
=item B<$syslocation>
This variable is the router's SNMP sysLocation value. (HTML escaped
variant: B<$html_syslocation>)
=item B<$sysdescr>
This variable is the router's SNMP sysDescr value. It is normally not used
by cfgmaker but might be useful in a template. (HTML escaped variant:
B<$html_sysdescr>)
=back
=head3 Interface Target Related Variables
=over
=item B<$target_name>
This is what cfgmaker normally would use as the the name of the target.
The target name is what is found within the square brackets, "[]", for target
directives. (There's no HTML escaped variant available)
=item B<$if_ref>
This the reference string for the interface. It is expected to be used
in the "Target[xyz]" directive to distinguish what interface to use. The
value of this variable is affected by the B<--ifref> command line option.
It is normally used together with B<$router_connect>.
(There's no HTML escaped variant available)
=item B<$if_ok>
This variable is true if the interface is going to be included into the
configuration file, otherwise false. Don't test against other variables
such as B<$problem_lines> to find out if an interface will be rejected
or not, use this B<$if_ok> instead.
=item B<$default_target_lines>
This variable contains all the target lines which cfgmaker by default outputs
for this interface. It's useful if you want to have the "standard target"
but want to add some extra lines to it by using a template.
=back
By default cfgmaker uses the following directives for each target it
generates: Target[], SetEnv[], MaxBytes[], Title[], PageTop[] and if
there is any directory specified also the Directory[] directive.
To facilitate the creation of templates which generates target configs
which are similar to the default one, each of the above mentioned
directive lines have a corresponding variable containing the line as
cfgmaker would have output it by default.
Note that none of these have a HTML escaped variant, text in them is
HTML escaped where needed. Also note that they do not have any newline
at the end.
=over
=item B<$default_target_directive>
This variable contains the default string for the Target[] directive line.
=item B<$default_setenv_directive>
This variable contains the default string for the SetEnv[] directive line.
=item B<$default_directory_directive>
This variable contains the default string for the Directory[] directive line
which means it is an empty string (with no newline) if there's no directory.
=item B<$default_maxbytes_directive>
This variable contains the default string for the MaxBytes[] directive line.
=item B<$default_title_directive>
This variable contains the default string for the Title[] directive line.
=item B<$default_pagetop_directive>
This variable contains the default string for the PageTop[] directive lines.
=back
=head3 Interface Network Configuration Variables
=over
=item B<$if_ip>
This variable should contain the IP-address of the interface, if any has
been assigned to it. (There's no HTML escaped variant available)
=item B<$ifindex>
This variable is the SNMP ifIndex for the interface which per definition
always is an integer. (There's no HTML escaped variant available)
=item B<$if_index>
Equivalent with B<$ifindex>.
=item B<$if_eth>
Contains the ethernet address of the interface, if any. (There's no HTML
escaped variant available)
=item B<$if_speed>
This variable is the speed in bytes/second (with prefixes). (There's no
HTML escaped variant available)
=item B<$if_speed_str>
This variable is a cooked speed description which is either in bits or
bytes depending on wether or not the bits option is active and also with
the proper prefix for the speed (k, M, G etc). (No HTML escaped variant
available)
=item B<$if_type_desc>
This variable is a textual description of the interface type. (HTML
escaped variant: B<$html_if_type_desc>)
=item B<$if_type_num>
This variable the integer value corresponding to the interface type (for a
listing for the value for the more common interface types, see the section
DETAILS ON FILTERS above). (No HTML escaped variant available)
=item B<$if_dns_name>
This is the DNS name for the interface. (No HTML escaped variant available)
=back
=head3 Interface Name, Description and Alias Variables
It might seem confusing with both I<Name>, I<Description> and I<Alias> in
this context and to some extent it is. I<Name> and I<Description> are
usually supported on most equipment but how they are used varies, both
between manufacturers as well as between different cathegories of equipment
from the same manufacturer. The I<Alias> is at least supported by Cisco
IOS, and that variable contains whatever is used in the IOS statement
called "description" for the interface (not to be confused with the SNMP
variables for I<Description>).
For better control from the command line consider B<$if_title_desc> which contents
are controlled by the B<--if-descr> command line option.
=over
=item B<$if_snmp_descr>
This variable should contain the "raw" description of the interface as
determined by the SNMP polling of the router. (HTML escaped variant:
B<$html_if_snmp_descr>)
=item B<$if_snmp_name>
The "raw" name for the interface as provided by SNMP polling. (HTML escaped
variant: B<$html_if_snmp_name>)
=item B<$if_snmp_alias>
The "raw" ifAlias for the interface as provided by SNMP polling. (HTML
escaped variant: B<$html_if_snmp_alias>)
=item B<$if_cisco_descr>
The "raw" CiscolocIfDescr for the interface as provided by SNMP polling.
(HTML escaped variant: B<$html_if_cisco_descr>)
=item B<$if_description>
This is the "cooked" description string for the interface, taking into account
the SNMP values found for the interface's RDescr, ifAlias and
CiscolocIfDescr. (HTML escaped variant: B<$html_if_description>)
=item B<$if_title>
The full string cfgmaker by default would have used for the Title[] directive
in the configuration as well as the content of the topmost H1 tag in the
PageTop[]. Is composed by the contents of B<$desc_prefix>,
B<$if_title_desc> and B<$sysname>.
As B<$if_title> depends on B<$if_title_desc>, it is possible to indirectly
control B<$if_title> by using the command line option B<--if-descr>.
(HTML escaped variant: B<$html_if_title>)
=item B<$if_port_name>
If the host is a Cisco Catalyst LAN switch, this variable is the name of
that port. (No HTML escaped variant available)
=item B<$desc_prefix>
This variable is a prefix of the description of what the target is to use in
the "Title[]" directive and in the H1 section of the "PageTop[]". Default is
"Traffic analysis for ". (HTML escaped variant: B<$html_desc_prefix>)
=item B<$if_title_desc>
This is the description of the interface normally used by cfgmaker as part
of the variable B<$if_title>. The latter is used as the full string in the
"Title[]" directove and the H1 section in the PageTop[].
B<$if_title_desc> is controlled by the command line option B<--if-descr>
which indirectly controls the contents of B<$if_title>
(HTML escaped variant: B<$html_if_title_desc>)
=back
=head2 Help Functions for Templates
The following functions exists to facilitate the writing of host and
interface templates.
=over
=item B<html_escape(I<string>)>
B<html_escape()> takes a string as an argument and returns a new string
where the following substitutions has been done: the chars "<", ">" and
"&" are replaced by "<", ">" and "&" and that newlines embedded
in the string are prepended with "<BR>" and appended with a space character
(newlines at the end of the string are not touched).
=back
=head2 Example Template Files
=head3 Template Example 1: Eliminating Rejected Targets From Appearing
This template file generates exactly the same configuration code per
interface as cfgmaker does by default, with the exception that it eliminates
all lines (comments as well as config code) for an interface if the
interface happens to be rejected.
if(not $problem_lines)
{
$target_lines .= <<ECHO;
Target[$target_name]: $if_ref:$router_connect
SetEnv[$target_name]: MRTG_INT_IP="$if_ip" MRTG_INT_DESCR="$if_snmp_descr"
ECHO
if ($directory_name) {
$target_lines .= "Directory[$target_name]: $directory_name\n";
}
$target_lines .= <<ECHO;
MaxBytes[$target_name]: $if_speed
Title[$target_name]: $html_desc_prefix$html_if_title_desc -- $sysname
PageTop[$target_name]: <H1>$html_desc_prefix$html_if_title_desc -- $sysname</H1>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>System:</TD> <TD>$sysname in $html_syslocation</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD> <TD>$html_syscontact</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Description:</TD><TD>$html_if_description</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>ifType:</TD> <TD>$html_if_type_desc ($if_type_num)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>ifName:</TD> <TD>$html_if_snmp_name</TD></TR>
ECHO
$target_lines .= <<ECHO if defined $if_port_name;
<TR><TD>Port Name:</TD> <TD>$if_port_name</TD></TR>
ECHO
$target_lines .= <<ECHO;
<TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD> <TD>$if_speed_str</TD></TR>
ECHO
$target_lines .= <<ECHO if $if_ip;
<TR><TD>Ip:</TD> <TD>$if_ip ($if_dns_name)</TD></TR>
ECHO
$target_lines .= <<ECHO;
</TABLE>
ECHO
} else {
$head_lines="";
$problem_lines="";
$target_lines="";
$separator_lines="";
}
=head3 Template Example 2: Simplier Version of Example 1
Example 1 was partly intended to demonstrate how to customize the generation
of interface targets but also to provide a hint of how the variables are
used in the "default" template which one could consider that cfgmaker
normally uses.
If you're only intrested in the easiest way of entirely eliminating those
reject interfaces, the template below would do the job as well by using
B<$default_target_lines>.
if($if_ok) {
$target_lines = $default_target_lines;
} else {
$head_lines="";
$problem_lines="";
$target_lines="";
$separator_lines="";
}
=head3 Template Example 3: Creating CPU Targets for Hosts
Below is an example of a host template.
$head_lines .= <<ECHO;
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
ECHO
my $target_name = $router_name . ".cpu";
$target_lines .= <<ECHO;
YLegend[$target_name]: Percentage CPU load
ShortLegend[$target_name]: %
Legend1[$target_name]: CPU load in %
Legend2[$target_name]:
Legend3[$target_name]: Max Observed CPU load
Legend4[$target_name]:
LegendI[$target_name]: CPU Load:
LegendO[$target_name]:
WithPeak[$target_name]: ywm
MaxBytes[$target_name]: 100
Options[$target_name]: growright, gauge, nopercent
Title[$target_name]: $router_name CPU load
Target[$target_name]: 1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.58.0&1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.58.0:$router_connect
PageTop[$target_name]: <H1>$router_name CPU load</H1>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>$router_name in $html_syslocation</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>$html_syscontact</TD></TR>
<TR><TD VALIGN="top">Description:</TD><TD>$html_sysdescr</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Resource:</TD><TD>CPU.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
ECHO
=head1 EXAMPLES
The first example creates a config file for I<router.place.xyz>: the router
has the community name I<public>. Interfaces get identified by their
IP number. Two global options get added to the config file. The
config file gets redirected to I<mrtg.conf>. The '\' signs at the end
of the line mean that this command should be written on a single line.
cfgmaker --global "WorkDir: /home/tobi" \
--global "Options[_]: growright,bits" \
--ifref=ip \
public@router.place.xyz > mrtg.cfg
The next example creates a config file for four devices:
I<router1.place.xyz>, I<router2.place.xyz>, I<switch1.place.xyz> and
I<switch2.place.xyz> all with the community I<public>.
The two routers will have B<--ifref> set to B<descr> whilst the two
switches will use B<--ifref> set to B<name>. Further the routers will
use B<--ifdesc> set to B<alias> and I<switch1.place.xyz> will use
B<--ifdesc> set to B<descr> whilst I<switch2.place.xyz> use B<name> instead.
Finally, there will be two Options lines inserted in the configuration:
One will be in the beginning, whilst the other will be inserted after
the lines related to the two routers but before those lines related
to the switches.
cfgmaker --global "WorkDir: /home/tobi" \
--global "Options[_]: growright,bits" \
--ifref=descr \
--ifdesc=alias \
public@router1.place.xyz \
public@router2.place.xyz \
--global "Options[_]: growright" \
--ifref=name \
--ifdesc=descr \
public@switch1.place.xyz \
--ifdesc=name \
public@switch2.place.xyz > mrtg.cfg
The next example demonstrates how to use the B<--community>,
B<--snmp-options> and B<--dns-domain> to make the command line
simpler. All the equipment will use the community I<hidden>, except for
the ppp-server which use community I<access>. All equipment uses these
SNMP options: B<1s timeout>, B<1 retry> and B<SNMP version 2> (B<backoff> and
B<port> is unspecified which means they use the default values).
The exception again is the ppp-server which uses B<SNMP version 1>.
Finally, all the equipment is part of the domain I<place.xyz>, except
for the ppp-server which is part of the domain I<remote.place.xyz>.
Note that the latter is achieved simply by specifying the name
of the ppp-server to be I<ppp-server.B<remote>> .
cfgmaker --global "WorkDir: /home/tobi" \
--global "Options[_]: growright,bits" \
--dns-domain=place.xyz \
--community=hidden \
--snmp-options=::1:1::2 \
router1 \
router2 \
router3 \
router4 \
router5 \
switch1 \
switch2 \
switch3 \
switch4 \
switch5 \
switch6 \
switch7 \
access@ppp-server.remote:::::1 > mrtg.cfg
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<reference>
=head1 AUTHOR
Tobias Oetiker E<lt>tobi@oetiker.chE<gt> and
Jakob Ilves E<lt>jakob.ilves@oracle.comE<gt>
=head1 LICENSE
GNU General Public License
=head1 COPYRIGHT
Cfgmaker is Copyright 2000 by Tobias Oetiker E<lt>tobi@oetiker.chE<gt>
=cut
distrib
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Mandriva
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8.2
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i586
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media
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contrib
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by-pkgid
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722d7fe08e521069eaa66d51f59d0ed2
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files
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