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<H1> 15. Options </H1>
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<A NAME="IDX321"></A>
<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLSPACING="0">
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="zsh_15.html#SEC75">15.1 Specifying Options</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="zsh_15.html#SEC76">15.2 Description of Options</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="zsh_15.html#SEC77">15.3 Option Aliases</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"><A HREF="zsh_15.html#SEC78">15.4 Single Letter Options</A></TD><TD> </TD><TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="TOP"></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<A NAME="Specifying Options"></A>
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<H2> 15.1 Specifying Options </H2>
<!--docid::SEC75::-->
<A NAME="IDX322"></A>
Options are primarily referred to by name.
These names are case insensitive and underscores are ignored.
For example, `<TT>allexport</TT>' is equivalent to `<TT>A__lleXP_ort</TT>'.
<P>
The sense of an option name may be inverted by preceding it with
`<TT>no</TT>', so `<TT>setopt No_Beep</TT>' is equivalent to `<TT>unsetopt beep</TT>'.
This inversion can only be done once, so `<TT>nonobeep</TT>' is <EM>not</EM>
a synonym for `<TT>beep</TT>'. Similarly, `<TT>tify</TT>' is not a synonym for
`<TT>nonotify</TT>' (the inversion of `<TT>notify</TT>').
</P>
<P>
Some options also have one or more single letter names.
There are two sets of single letter options: one used by default,
and another used to emulate <CITE>sh</CITE>/<CITE>ksh</CITE> (used when the
<TT>SH_OPTION_LETTERS</TT> option is set).
The single letter options can be used on the shell command line,
or with the <TT>set</TT>, <TT>setopt</TT> and <TT>unsetopt</TT>
builtins, as normal Unix options preceded by `<TT>-</TT>'.
</P>
<P>
The sense of the single letter options may be inverted by using
`<TT>+</TT>' instead of `<TT>-</TT>'.
Some of the single letter option names refer to an option being off,
in which case the inversion of that name refers to the option being on.
For example, `<TT>+n</TT>' is the short name of `<TT>exec</TT>', and
`<TT>-n</TT>' is the short name of its inversion, `<TT>noexec</TT>'.
</P>
<P>
In strings of single letter options supplied to the shell at startup,
trailing whitespace will be ignored; for example the string `<TT>-f </TT>'
will be treated just as `<TT>-f</TT>', but the string `<TT>-f i</TT>' is an error.
This is because many systems which implement the `<TT>#!</TT>' mechanism for
calling scripts do not strip trailing whitespace.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="Description of Options"></A>
</P>
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<H2> 15.2 Description of Options </H2>
<!--docid::SEC76::-->
<A NAME="IDX323"></A>
In the following list, options set by default in all emulations are marked
<D>; those set by default only in csh, ksh, sh, or zsh emulations are marked
<C>, <K>, <S>, <Z> as appropriate. When listing options (by `<TT>setopt</TT>',
`<TT>unsetopt</TT>', `<TT>set -o</TT>' or `<TT>set +o</TT>'), those turned on by default
appear in the list prefixed with `<TT>no</TT>'. Hence (unless
<TT>KSH_OPTION_PRINT</TT> is set), `<TT>setopt</TT>' shows all options whose settings
are changed from the default.
<P>
</P>
<DL COMPACT>
<A NAME="IDX324"></A>
<A NAME="IDX325"></A>
<DT><TT>ALIASES</TT> <D>
<DD>Expand aliases.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX326"></A>
<A NAME="IDX327"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>ALL_EXPORT</TT> (<TT>-a</TT>, ksh: <TT>-a</TT>)
<DD>All parameters subsequently defined are automatically exported.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX328"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>ALWAYS_LAST_PROMPT</TT> <D>
<DD>If unset, key functions that list completions try to return to the last
prompt if given a numeric argument. If set these functions try to
return to the last prompt if given <EM>no</EM> numeric argument.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX329"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>ALWAYS_TO_END</TT>
<DD>If a completion is performed with the cursor within a word, and a
full completion is inserted, the cursor is moved to the end of the
word. That is, the cursor is moved to the end of the word if either
a single match is inserted or menu completion is performed.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX330"></A>
<A NAME="IDX331"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>APPEND_HISTORY</TT> <D>
<DD>If this is set, zsh sessions will append their history list to
the history file, rather than overwrite it. Thus, multiple parallel
zsh sessions will all have their history lists added to the
history file, in the order they are killed.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX332"></A>
<A NAME="IDX333"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>AUTO_CD</TT> (<TT>-J</TT>)
<DD>If a command is issued that can't be executed as a normal command,
and the command is the name of a directory, perform the <TT>cd</TT>
command to that directory.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX334"></A>
<A NAME="IDX335"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>AUTO_LIST</TT> (<TT>-9</TT>) <D>
<DD>Automatically list choices on an ambiguous completion.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX336"></A>
<A NAME="IDX337"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>AUTO_MENU</TT> <D>
<DD>Automatically use menu completion after the second consecutive request for
completion, for example by pressing the tab key repeatedly. This option
is overridden by <TT>MENU_COMPLETE</TT>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX338"></A>
<A NAME="IDX339"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>AUTO_NAME_DIRS</TT>
<DD>Any parameter that is set to the absolute name of a directory
immediately becomes a name for that directory, that will be used
by the `<TT>%~</TT>'
and related prompt sequences, and will be available when completion
is performed on a word starting with `<TT>~</TT>'.
(Otherwise, the parameter must be used in the form `<TT>~</TT><VAR>param</VAR>' first.)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX340"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>AUTO_PARAM_KEYS</TT> <D>
<DD>If a parameter name was completed and a following character
(normally a space) automatically
inserted, and the next character typed is one
of those that have to come directly after the name (like `<TT>}</TT>', `<TT>:</TT>',
etc.), the automatically added character is deleted, so that the character
typed comes immediately after the parameter name.
Completion in a brace expansion is affected similarly: the added character
is a `<TT>,</TT>', which will be removed if `<TT>}</TT>' is typed next.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX341"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>AUTO_PARAM_SLASH</TT> <D>
<DD>If a parameter is completed whose content is the name of a directory,
then add a trailing slash instead of a space.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX342"></A>
<A NAME="IDX343"></A>
<A NAME="IDX344"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>AUTO_PUSHD</TT> (<TT>-N</TT>)
<DD>Make <TT>cd</TT> push the old directory onto the directory stack.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX345"></A>
<A NAME="IDX346"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>AUTO_REMOVE_SLASH</TT> <D>
<DD>When the last character resulting from a completion is a slash and the next
character typed is a word delimiter, a slash, or a character that ends
a command (such as a semicolon or an ampersand), remove the slash.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX347"></A>
<A NAME="IDX348"></A>
<A NAME="IDX349"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>AUTO_RESUME</TT> (<TT>-W</TT>)
<DD>Treat single word simple commands without redirection
as candidates for resumption of an existing job.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX350"></A>
<A NAME="IDX351"></A>
<A NAME="IDX352"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>BAD_PATTERN</TT> (<TT>+2</TT>) <C> <Z>
<DD>If a pattern for filename generation is badly formed, print an error message.
(If this option is unset, the pattern will be left unchanged.)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX353"></A>
<A NAME="IDX354"></A>
<A NAME="IDX355"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>BANG_HIST</TT> (<TT>+K</TT>) <C> <Z>
<DD>Perform textual history expansion, <CITE>csh</CITE>-style,
treating the character `<TT>!</TT>' specially.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX356"></A>
<A NAME="IDX357"></A>
<A NAME="IDX358"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>BARE_GLOB_QUAL</TT> <Z>
<DD>In a glob pattern, treat a trailing set of parentheses as a qualifier
list, if it contains no `<TT>|</TT>', `<TT>(</TT>' or (if special) `<TT>~</TT>'
characters. See <A HREF="zsh_13.html#SEC55">13.8 Filename Generation</A>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX359"></A>
<A NAME="IDX360"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>BASH_AUTO_LIST</TT>
<DD>On an ambiguous completion, automatically list choices when the
completion function is called twice in succession. This takes
precedence over <TT>AUTO_LIST</TT>. The setting of <TT>LIST_AMBIGUOUS</TT> is
respected. If <TT>AUTO_MENU</TT> is set, the menu behaviour will then start
with the third press. Note that this will not work with
<TT>MENU_COMPLETE</TT>, since repeated completion calls immediately cycle
through the list in that case.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX361"></A>
<A NAME="IDX362"></A>
<A NAME="IDX363"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>BEEP</TT> (<TT>+B</TT>) <D>
<DD>Beep on error in ZLE.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX364"></A>
<A NAME="IDX365"></A>
<A NAME="IDX366"></A>
<A NAME="IDX367"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>BG_NICE</TT> (<TT>-6</TT>) <C> <Z>
<DD>Run all background jobs at a lower priority. This option
is set by default.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX368"></A>
<A NAME="IDX369"></A>
<A NAME="IDX370"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>BRACE_CCL</TT>
<DD>Expand expressions in braces which would not otherwise undergo brace
expansion to a lexically ordered list of all the characters. See
<A HREF="zsh_13.html#SEC53">13.6 Brace Expansion</A>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX371"></A>
<A NAME="IDX372"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>BSD_ECHO</TT> <S>
<DD>Make the <TT>echo</TT> builtin compatible with the BSD man page echo(1) command.
This disables backslashed escape sequences in echo strings unless the
<TT>-e</TT> option is specified.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX373"></A>
<A NAME="IDX374"></A>
<A NAME="IDX375"></A>
<A NAME="IDX376"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>C_BASES</TT>
<DD>Output hexadecimal numbers in the standard C format, for example `<TT>0xFF</TT>'
instead of the usual `<TT>16#FF</TT>'. If the option <TT>OCTAL_ZEROES</TT> is also
set (it is not by default), octal numbers will be treated similarly and
hence appear as `<TT>077</TT>' instead of `<TT>8#77</TT>'. This option has no effect
on the choice of the output base, nor on the output of bases other than
hexadecimal and octal. Note that these formats will be understood on input
irrespective of the setting of <TT>C_BASES</TT>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX377"></A>
<A NAME="IDX378"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>CDABLE_VARS</TT> (<TT>-T</TT>)
<DD>If the argument to a <TT>cd</TT> command (or an implied <TT>cd</TT> with the
<TT>AUTO_CD</TT> option set) is not a directory, and does not begin with a
slash, try to expand the expression as if it were preceded by a `<TT>~</TT>' (see
<A HREF="zsh_13.html#SEC54">13.7 Filename Expansion</A>).
<P>
<A NAME="IDX379"></A>
<A NAME="IDX380"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>CHASE_DOTS</TT>
<DD>When changing to a directory containing a path segment `<TT>..</TT>' which would
otherwise be treated as canceling the previous segment in the path (in
other words, `<TT>foo/..</TT>' would be removed from the path, or if `<TT>..</TT>' is
the first part of the path, the last part of <TT>$PWD</TT> would be deleted),
instead resolve the path to the physical directory. This option is
overridden by <TT>CHASE_LINKS</TT>.
<P>
For example, suppose <TT>/foo/bar</TT> is a link to the directory <TT>/alt/rod</TT>.
Without this option set, `<TT>cd /foo/bar/..</TT>' changes to <TT>/foo</TT>; with it
set, it changes to <TT>/alt</TT>. The same applies if the current directory
is <TT>/foo/bar</TT> and `<TT>cd ..</TT>' is used. Note that all other symbolic
links in the path will also be resolved.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX381"></A>
<A NAME="IDX382"></A>
<A NAME="IDX383"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>CHASE_LINKS</TT> (<TT>-w</TT>)
<DD>Resolve symbolic links to their true values when changing directory.
This also has the effect of <TT>CHASE_DOTS</TT>, i.e. a `<TT>..</TT>' path segment
will be treated as referring to the physical parent, even if the preceding
path segment is a symbolic link.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX384"></A>
<A NAME="IDX385"></A>
<A NAME="IDX386"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>CHECK_JOBS</TT> <Z>
<DD>Report the status of background and suspended jobs before exiting a shell
with job control; a second attempt to exit the shell will succeed.
<TT>NO_CHECK_JOBS</TT> is best used only in combination with <TT>NO_HUP</TT>, else
such jobs will be killed automatically.
<P>
The check is omitted if the commands run from the previous command line
included a `<TT>jobs</TT>' command, since it is assumed the user is aware that
there are background or suspended jobs. A `<TT>jobs</TT>' command run from the
<TT>precmd</TT> function is not counted for this purpose.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX387"></A>
<A NAME="IDX388"></A>
<A NAME="IDX389"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>CLOBBER</TT> (<TT>+C</TT>, ksh: <TT>+C</TT>) <D>
<DD>Allows `<TT>></TT>' redirection to truncate existing files,
and `<TT>>></TT>' to create files.
Otherwise `<TT>>!</TT>' or `<TT>>|</TT>' must be used to truncate a file,
and `<TT>>>!</TT>' or `<TT>>>|</TT>' to create a file.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX390"></A>
<A NAME="IDX391"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>COMPLETE_ALIASES</TT>
<DD>Prevents aliases on the command line from being internally substituted
before completion is attempted. The effect is to make the alias a
distinct command for completion purposes.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX392"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>COMPLETE_IN_WORD</TT>
<DD>If unset, the cursor is set to the end of the word if completion is
started. Otherwise it stays there and completion is done from both ends.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX393"></A>
<A NAME="IDX394"></A>
<A NAME="IDX395"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>CORRECT</TT> (<TT>-0</TT>)
<DD>Try to correct the spelling of commands.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX396"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>CORRECT_ALL</TT> (<TT>-O</TT>)
<DD>Try to correct the spelling of all arguments in a line.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX397"></A>
<A NAME="IDX398"></A>
<A NAME="IDX399"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>CSH_JUNKIE_HISTORY</TT> <C>
<DD>A history reference without an event specifier will always refer to the
previous command. Without this option, such a history reference refers
to the same event as the previous history reference, defaulting to the
previous command.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX400"></A>
<A NAME="IDX401"></A>
<A NAME="IDX402"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>CSH_JUNKIE_LOOPS</TT> <C>
<DD>Allow loop bodies to take the form `<VAR>list</VAR>; <TT>end</TT>' instead of
`<TT>do</TT> <VAR>list</VAR>; <TT>done</TT>'.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX403"></A>
<A NAME="IDX404"></A>
<A NAME="IDX405"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>CSH_JUNKIE_QUOTES</TT> <C>
<DD>Changes the rules for single- and double-quoted text to match that of
<CITE>csh</CITE>. These require that embedded newlines be preceded by a backslash;
unescaped newlines will cause an error message.
In double-quoted strings, it is made impossible to escape `<TT>$</TT>', `<TT>`</TT>'
or `<TT>"</TT>' (and `<TT>\</TT>' itself no longer needs escaping).
Command substitutions are only expanded once, and cannot be nested.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX406"></A>
<A NAME="IDX407"></A>
<A NAME="IDX408"></A>
<A NAME="IDX409"></A>
<A NAME="IDX410"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>CSH_NULLCMD</TT> <C>
<DD>Do not use the values of <TT>NULLCMD</TT> and <TT>READNULLCMD</TT>
when running redirections with no command. This make
such redirections fail (see <A HREF="zsh_6.html#SEC27">6. Redirection</A>).
<P>
<A NAME="IDX411"></A>
<A NAME="IDX412"></A>
<A NAME="IDX413"></A>
<A NAME="IDX414"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>CSH_NULL_GLOB</TT> <C>
<DD>If a pattern for filename generation has no matches,
delete the pattern from the argument list;
do not report an error unless all the patterns
in a command have no matches.
Overrides <TT>NOMATCH</TT>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX415"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>DVORAK</TT>
<DD>Use the Dvorak keyboard instead of the standard qwerty keyboard as a basis
for examining spelling mistakes for the <TT>CORRECT</TT> and <TT>CORRECT_ALL</TT>
options and the <TT>spell-word</TT> editor command.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX416"></A>
<A NAME="IDX417"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>EQUALS</TT> <Z>
<DD>Perform <TT>=</TT> filename expansion.
(See <A HREF="zsh_13.html#SEC54">13.7 Filename Expansion</A>.)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX418"></A>
<A NAME="IDX419"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>ERR_EXIT</TT> (<TT>-e</TT>, ksh: <TT>-e</TT>)
<DD>If a command has a non-zero exit status, execute the <TT>ZERR</TT>
trap, if set, and exit. This is disabled while running initialization
scripts.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX420"></A>
<A NAME="IDX421"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>EXEC</TT> (<TT>+n</TT>, ksh: <TT>+n</TT>) <D>
<DD>Do execute commands. Without this option, commands are
read and checked for syntax errors, but not executed.
This option cannot be turned off in an interactive shell,
except when `<TT>-n</TT>' is supplied to the shell at startup.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX422"></A>
<A NAME="IDX423"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>EXTENDED_GLOB</TT>
<DD>Treat the `<TT>#</TT>', `<TT>~</TT>' and `<TT>^</TT>' characters as part of patterns
for filename generation, etc. (An initial unquoted `<TT>~</TT>'
always produces named directory expansion.)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX424"></A>
<A NAME="IDX425"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>EXTENDED_HISTORY</TT> <C>
<DD>Save each command's beginning timestamp (in seconds since the epoch)
and the duration (in seconds) to the history file. The format of
this prefixed data is:
<P>
`<TT>:</TT><VAR><beginning time></VAR><TT>:</TT><VAR><elapsed seconds></VAR><TT>:</TT><VAR><command></VAR>'.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX426"></A>
<A NAME="IDX427"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>FLOW_CONTROL</TT> <D>
<DD>If this option is unset,
output flow control via start/stop characters (usually assigned to
^S/^Q) is disabled in the shell's editor.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX428"></A>
<A NAME="IDX429"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>FUNCTION_ARGZERO</TT> <C> <Z>
<DD>When executing a shell function or sourcing a script, set <TT>$0</TT>
temporarily to the name of the function/script.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX430"></A>
<A NAME="IDX431"></A>
<A NAME="IDX432"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>GLOB</TT> (<TT>+F</TT>, ksh: <TT>+f</TT>) <D>
<DD>Perform filename generation (globbing).
(See <A HREF="zsh_13.html#SEC55">13.8 Filename Generation</A>.)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX433"></A>
<A NAME="IDX434"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>GLOBAL_EXPORT</TT> (<TT><Z></TT>)
<DD>If this option is set, passing the <TT>-x</TT> flag to the builtins <TT>declare</TT>,
<TT>float</TT>, <TT>integer</TT>, <TT>readonly</TT> and <TT>typeset</TT> (but not <TT>local</TT>)
will also set the <TT>-g</TT> flag; hence parameters exported to
the environment will not be made local to the enclosing function, unless
they were already or the flag <TT>+g</TT> is given explicitly. If the option is
unset, exported parameters will be made local in just the same way as any
other parameter.
<P>
This option is set by default for backward compatibility; it is not
recommended that its behaviour be relied upon. Note that the builtin
<TT>export</TT> always sets both the <TT>-x</TT> and <TT>-g</TT> flags, and hence its
effect extends beyond the scope of the enclosing function; this is the
most portable way to achieve this behaviour.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX435"></A>
<A NAME="IDX436"></A>
<A NAME="IDX437"></A>
<A NAME="IDX438"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>GLOBAL_RCS</TT> (<TT>-d</TT>) <D>
<DD>If this option is unset, the startup files <TT>/etc/zprofile</TT>,
<TT>/etc/zshrc</TT>, <TT>/etc/zlogin</TT> and <TT>/etc/zlogout</TT> will not be run. It
can be disabled and re-enabled at any time, including inside local startup
files (<TT>.zshrc</TT>, etc.).
<P>
<A NAME="IDX439"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>GLOB_ASSIGN</TT> <C>
<DD>If this option is set, filename generation (globbing) is
performed on the right hand side of scalar parameter assignments of
the form `<VAR>name</VAR><TT>=</TT><VAR>pattern</VAR> (e.g. `<TT>foo=*</TT>').
If the result has more than one word the parameter will become an array
with those words as arguments. This option is provided for backwards
compatibility only: globbing is always performed on the right hand side
of array assignments of the form `<VAR>name</VAR><TT>=(</TT><VAR>value</VAR><TT>)</TT>'
(e.g. `<TT>foo=(*)</TT>') and this form is recommended for clarity;
with this option set, it is not possible to predict whether the result
will be an array or a scalar.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX440"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>GLOB_COMPLETE</TT>
<DD>When the current word has a glob pattern, do not insert all the words
resulting from the expansion but generate matches as for completion and
cycle through them like <TT>MENU_COMPLETE</TT>. The matches are generated as if
a `<TT>*</TT>' was added to the end of the word, or inserted at the cursor when
<TT>COMPLETE_IN_WORD</TT> is set. This actually uses pattern matching, not
globbing, so it works not only for files but for any completion, such as
options, user names, etc.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX441"></A>
<A NAME="IDX442"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>GLOB_DOTS</TT> (<TT>-4</TT>)
<DD>Do not require a leading `<TT>.</TT>' in a filename to be matched explicitly.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX443"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>GLOB_SUBST</TT> <C> <K> <S>
<DD>Treat any characters resulting from parameter expansion as being
eligible for file expansion and filename generation, and any
characters resulting from command substitution as being eligible for
filename generation. Braces (and commas in between) do not become eligible
for expansion.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX444"></A>
<A NAME="IDX445"></A>
<A NAME="IDX446"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HASH_CMDS</TT> <D>
<DD>Note the location of each command the first time it is executed.
Subsequent invocations of the same command will use the
saved location, avoiding a path search.
If this option is unset, no path hashing is done at all.
However, when <TT>CORRECT</TT> is set, commands whose names do not appear in
the functions or aliases hash tables are hashed in order to avoid
reporting them as spelling errors.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX447"></A>
<A NAME="IDX448"></A>
<A NAME="IDX449"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HASH_DIRS</TT> <D>
<DD>Whenever a command name is hashed, hash the directory containing it,
as well as all directories that occur earlier in the path.
Has no effect if neither <TT>HASH_CMDS</TT> nor <TT>CORRECT</TT> is set.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX450"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HASH_LIST_ALL</TT> <D>
<DD>Whenever a command completion is attempted, make sure the entire
command path is hashed first. This makes the first completion slower.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX451"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_ALLOW_CLOBBER</TT>
<DD>Add `<TT>|</TT>' to output redirections in the history. This allows history
references to clobber files even when <TT>CLOBBER</TT> is unset.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX452"></A>
<A NAME="IDX453"></A>
<A NAME="IDX454"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_BEEP</TT> <D>
<DD>Beep when an attempt is made to access a history entry which
isn't there.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX455"></A>
<A NAME="IDX456"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_EXPIRE_DUPS_FIRST</TT>
<DD>If the internal history needs to be trimmed to add the current command line,
setting this option will cause the oldest history event that has a duplicate
to be lost before losing a unique event from the list.
You should be sure to set the value of <TT>HISTSIZE</TT> to a larger number
than <TT>SAVEHIST</TT> in order to give you some room for the duplicated
events, otherwise this option will behave just like
<TT>HIST_IGNORE_ALL_DUPS</TT> once the history fills up with unique events.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX457"></A>
<A NAME="IDX458"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_FIND_NO_DUPS</TT>
<DD>When searching for history entries in the line editor, do not display
duplicates of a line previously found, even if the duplicates are not
contiguous.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX459"></A>
<A NAME="IDX460"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_IGNORE_ALL_DUPS</TT>
<DD>If a new command line being added to the history list duplicates an
older one, the older command is removed from the list (even if it is
not the previous event).
<P>
<A NAME="IDX461"></A>
<A NAME="IDX462"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_IGNORE_DUPS</TT> (<TT>-h</TT>)
<DD>Do not enter command lines into the history list
if they are duplicates of the previous event.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX463"></A>
<A NAME="IDX464"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_IGNORE_SPACE</TT> (<TT>-g</TT>)
<DD>Remove command lines from the history list when the first character on
the line is a space, or when one of the expanded aliases contains a
leading space.
Note that the command lingers in the internal history until the next
command is entered before it vanishes, allowing you to briefly reuse
or edit the line. If you want to make it vanish right away without
entering another command, type a space and press return.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX465"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_NO_FUNCTIONS</TT>
<DD>Remove function definitions from the history list.
Note that the function lingers in the internal history until the next
command is entered before it vanishes, allowing you to briefly reuse
or edit the definition.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX466"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_NO_STORE</TT>
<DD>Remove the <TT>history</TT> (<TT>fc -l</TT>) command from the history list
when invoked.
Note that the command lingers in the internal history until the next
command is entered before it vanishes, allowing you to briefly reuse
or edit the line.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX467"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_REDUCE_BLANKS</TT>
<DD>Remove superfluous blanks from each command line
being added to the history list.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX468"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_SAVE_NO_DUPS</TT>
<DD>When writing out the history file, older commands that duplicate
newer ones are omitted.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX469"></A>
<A NAME="IDX470"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_VERIFY</TT>
<DD>Whenever the user enters a line with history expansion,
don't execute the line directly; instead, perform
history expansion and reload the line into the editing buffer.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX471"></A>
<A NAME="IDX472"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HUP</TT> <Z>
<DD>Send the <TT>HUP</TT> signal to running jobs when the
shell exits.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX473"></A>
<A NAME="IDX474"></A>
<A NAME="IDX475"></A>
<A NAME="IDX476"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>IGNORE_BRACES</TT> (<TT>-I</TT>) <S>
<DD>Do not perform brace expansion.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX477"></A>
<A NAME="IDX478"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>IGNORE_EOF</TT> (<TT>-7</TT>)
<DD>Do not exit on end-of-file. Require the use
of <TT>exit</TT> or <TT>logout</TT> instead.
However, ten consecutive EOFs will cause the shell to exit anyway,
to avoid the shell hanging if its tty goes away.
<P>
Also, if this option is set and the Zsh Line Editor is used, widgets
implemented by shell functions can be bound to EOF (normally
Control-D) without printing the normal warning message. This works
only for normal widgets, not for completion widgets.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX479"></A>
<A NAME="IDX480"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>INC_APPEND_HISTORY</TT>
<DD>This options works like <TT>APPEND_HISTORY</TT> except that new history lines
are added to the <TT>$HISTFILE</TT> incrementally (as soon as they are
entered), rather than waiting until the shell is killed.
The file is periodically trimmed to the number of lines specified by
<TT>$SAVEHIST</TT>, but can exceed this value between trimmings.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX481"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>INTERACTIVE</TT> (<TT>-i</TT>, ksh: <TT>-i</TT>)
<DD>This is an interactive shell. This option is set upon initialisation if
the standard input is a tty and commands are being read from standard input.
(See the discussion of <TT>SHIN_STDIN</TT>.)
This heuristic may be overridden by specifying a state for this option
on the command line.
The value of this option cannot be changed anywhere other than the command line.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX482"></A>
<A NAME="IDX483"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>INTERACTIVE_COMMENTS</TT> (<TT>-k</TT>) <K> <S>
<DD>Allow comments even in interactive shells.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX484"></A>
<A NAME="IDX485"></A>
<A NAME="IDX486"></A>
<A NAME="IDX487"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>KSH_ARRAYS</TT> <K> <S>
<DD>Emulate <CITE>ksh</CITE> array handling as closely as possible. If this option
is set, array elements are numbered from zero, an array parameter
without subscript refers to the first element instead of the whole array,
and braces are required to delimit a subscript (`<TT>${path[2]}</TT>' rather
than just `<TT>$path[2]</TT>').
<P>
<A NAME="IDX488"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>KSH_AUTOLOAD</TT> <K> <S>
<DD>Emulate <CITE>ksh</CITE> function autoloading. This means that when a function is
autoloaded, the corresponding file is merely executed, and must define
the function itself. (By default, the function is defined to the contents
of the file. However, the most common <CITE>ksh</CITE>-style case - of the file
containing only a simple definition of the function - is always handled
in the <CITE>ksh</CITE>-compatible manner.)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX489"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>KSH_GLOB</TT> <K>
<DD>In pattern matching, the interpretation of parentheses is affected by
a preceding `<TT>@</TT>', `<TT>*</TT>', `<TT>+</TT>', `<TT>?</TT>' or `<TT>!</TT>'.
See <A HREF="zsh_13.html#SEC55">13.8 Filename Generation</A>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX490"></A>
<A NAME="IDX491"></A>
<A NAME="IDX492"></A>
<A NAME="IDX493"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>KSH_OPTION_PRINT</TT> <K>
<DD>Alters the way options settings are printed: instead of separate lists of
set and unset options, all options are shown, marked `on' if
they are in the non-default state, `off' otherwise.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX494"></A>
<A NAME="IDX495"></A>
<A NAME="IDX496"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>KSH_TYPESET</TT> <K>
<DD>Alters the way arguments to the <TT>typeset</TT> family of commands, including
<TT>declare</TT>, <TT>export</TT>, <TT>float</TT>, <TT>integer</TT>, <TT>local</TT> and
<TT>readonly</TT>, are processed. Without this option, zsh will perform normal
word splitting after command and parameter expansion in arguments of an
assignment; with it, word splitting does not take place in those cases.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX497"></A>
<A NAME="IDX498"></A>
<A NAME="IDX499"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>LIST_AMBIGUOUS</TT> <D>
<DD>This option works when <TT>AUTO_LIST</TT> or <TT>BASH_AUTO_LIST</TT> is also
set. If there is an unambiguous prefix to insert on the command line,
that is done without a completion list being displayed; in other
words, auto-listing behaviour only takes place when nothing would be
inserted. In the case of <TT>BASH_AUTO_LIST</TT>, this means that the list
will be delayed to the third call of the function.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX500"></A>
<A NAME="IDX501"></A>
<A NAME="IDX502"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>LIST_BEEP</TT> <D>
<DD>Beep on an ambiguous completion. More accurately, this forces the
completion widgets to return status 1 on an ambiguous completion, which
causes the shell to beep if the option <TT>BEEP</TT> is also set; this may
be modified if completion is called from a user-defined widget.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX503"></A>
<A NAME="IDX504"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>LIST_PACKED</TT>
<DD>Try to make the completion list smaller (occupying less lines) by
printing the matches in columns with different widths.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX505"></A>
<A NAME="IDX506"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>LIST_ROWS_FIRST</TT>
<DD>Lay out the matches in completion lists sorted horizontally, that is,
the second match is to the right of the first one, not under it as
usual.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX507"></A>
<A NAME="IDX508"></A>
<A NAME="IDX509"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>LIST_TYPES</TT> (<TT>-X</TT>) <D>
<DD>When listing files that are possible completions, show the
type of each file with a trailing identifying mark.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX510"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>LOCAL_OPTIONS</TT> <K>
<DD>If this option is set at the point of return from a shell function,
all the options (including this one) which were in force upon entry to
the function are restored. Otherwise, only this option and the
<TT>XTRACE</TT> and <TT>PRINT_EXIT_VALUE</TT> options are restored. Hence
if this is explicitly unset by a shell function the other options in
force at the point of return will remain so.
A shell function can also guarantee itself a known shell configuration
with a formulation like `<TT>emulate -L zsh</TT>'; the <TT>-L</TT> activates
<TT>LOCAL_OPTIONS</TT>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX511"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>LOCAL_TRAPS</TT> <K>
<DD>If this option is set when a signal trap is set inside a function, then the
previous status of the trap for that signal will be restored when the
function exits. Note that this option must be set <EM>prior</EM> to altering the
trap behaviour in a function; unlike <TT>LOCAL_OPTIONS</TT>, the value on exit
from the function is irrelevant. However, it does not need to be set
before any global trap for that to be correctly restored by a function.
For example,
<P>
<TABLE><tr><td> </td><td class=example><pre>unsetopt localtraps
trap - INT
fn() { setopt localtraps; trap '' INT; sleep 3; }
</pre></td></tr></table><P>
will restore normally handling of <TT>SIGINT</TT> after the function exits.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX512"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>LOGIN</TT> (<TT>-l</TT>, ksh: <TT>-l</TT>)
<DD>This is a login shell.
If this option is not explicitly set, the shell is a login shell if
the first character of the <TT>argv[0]</TT> passed to the shell is a `<TT>-</TT>'.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX513"></A>
<A NAME="IDX514"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>LONG_LIST_JOBS</TT> (<TT>-R</TT>)
<DD>List jobs in the long format by default.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX515"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>MAGIC_EQUAL_SUBST</TT>
<DD>All unquoted arguments of the form `<VAR>anything</VAR><TT>=</TT><VAR>expression</VAR>'
appearing after the command name have filename expansion (that is,
where <VAR>expression</VAR> has a leading `<TT>~</TT>' or `<TT>=</TT>') performed on
<VAR>expression</VAR> as if it were a parameter assignment. The argument is
not otherwise treated specially; it is passed to the command as a single
argument, and not used as an actual parameter assignment. For example, in
<TT>echo foo=~/bar:~/rod</TT>, both occurrences of <TT>~</TT> would be replaced.
Note that this happens anyway with <TT>typeset</TT> and similar statements.
<P>
This option respects the setting of the <TT>KSH_TYPESET</TT> option. In other
words, if both options are in effect, arguments looking like
assignments will not undergo wordsplitting.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX516"></A>
<A NAME="IDX517"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>MAIL_WARNING</TT> (<TT>-U</TT>)
<DD>Print a warning message if a mail file has been
accessed since the shell last checked.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX518"></A>
<A NAME="IDX519"></A>
<A NAME="IDX520"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>MARK_DIRS</TT> (<TT>-8</TT>, ksh: <TT>-X</TT>)
<DD>Append a trailing `<TT>/</TT>' to all directory
names resulting from filename generation (globbing).
<P>
<A NAME="IDX521"></A>
<A NAME="IDX522"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>MENU_COMPLETE</TT> (<TT>-Y</TT>)
<DD>On an ambiguous completion, instead of listing possibilities or beeping,
insert the first match immediately. Then when completion is requested
again, remove the first match and insert the second match, etc.
When there are no more matches, go back to the first one again.
<TT>reverse-menu-complete</TT> may be used to loop through the list
in the other direction. This option overrides <TT>AUTO_MENU</TT>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX523"></A>
<A NAME="IDX524"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>MONITOR</TT> (<TT>-m</TT>, ksh: <TT>-m</TT>)
<DD>Allow job control. Set by default in interactive shells.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX525"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>MULTIOS</TT> <Z>
<DD>Perform implicit <CITE>tee</CITE>s or <CITE>cat</CITE>s when multiple
redirections are attempted (see <A HREF="zsh_6.html#SEC27">6. Redirection</A>).
<P>
<A NAME="IDX526"></A>
<A NAME="IDX527"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>NOMATCH</TT> (<TT>+3</TT>) <C> <Z>
<DD>If a pattern for filename generation has no matches,
print an error, instead of
leaving it unchanged in the argument list.
This also applies to file expansion
of an initial `<TT>~</TT>' or `<TT>=</TT>'.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX528"></A>
<A NAME="IDX529"></A>
<A NAME="IDX530"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>NOTIFY</TT> (<TT>-5</TT>, ksh: <TT>-b</TT>) <Z>
<DD>Report the status of background jobs immediately, rather than
waiting until just before printing a prompt.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX531"></A>
<A NAME="IDX532"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>NULL_GLOB</TT> (<TT>-G</TT>)
<DD>If a pattern for filename generation has no matches,
delete the pattern from the argument list instead
of reporting an error. Overrides <TT>NOMATCH</TT>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX533"></A>
<A NAME="IDX534"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>NUMERIC_GLOB_SORT</TT>
<DD>If numeric filenames are matched by a filename generation pattern,
sort the filenames numerically rather than lexicographically.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX535"></A>
<A NAME="IDX536"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>OCTAL_ZEROES</TT> <S>
<DD>Interpret any integer constant beginning with a 0 as octal, per IEEE Std
1003.2-1992 (ISO 9945-2:1993). This is not enabled by default as it
causes problems with parsing of, for example, date and time strings with
leading zeroes.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX537"></A>
<A NAME="IDX538"></A>
<A NAME="IDX539"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>OVERSTRIKE</TT>
<DD>Start up the line editor in overstrike mode.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX540"></A>
<A NAME="IDX541"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PATH_DIRS</TT> (<TT>-Q</TT>)
<DD>Perform a path search even on command names with slashes in them.
Thus if `<TT>/usr/local/bin</TT>' is in the user's path, and he or she types
`<TT>X11/xinit</TT>', the command `<TT>/usr/local/bin/X11/xinit</TT>' will be executed
(assuming it exists).
Commands explicitly beginning with `<TT>/</TT>', `<TT>./</TT>' or `<TT>../</TT>'
are not subject to the path search.
This also applies to the <TT>.</TT> builtin.
<P>
Note that subdirectories of the current directory are always searched for
executables specified in this form. This takes place before any search
indicated by this option, and regardless of whether `<TT>.</TT>' or the current
directory appear in the command search path.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX542"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>POSIX_BUILTINS</TT> <K> <S>
<DD>When this option is set the <TT>command</TT> builtin can be used to execute
shell builtin commands. Parameter assignments specified before shell
functions and special builtins are kept after the command completes unless
the special builtin is prefixed with the <TT>command</TT> builtin. Special
builtins are
<TT>.</TT>,
<TT>:</TT>,
<TT>break</TT>,
<TT>continue</TT>,
<TT>declare</TT>,
<TT>eval</TT>,
<TT>exit</TT>,
<TT>export</TT>,
<TT>integer</TT>,
<TT>local</TT>,
<TT>readonly</TT>,
<TT>return</TT>,
<TT>set</TT>,
<TT>shift</TT>,
<TT>source</TT>,
<TT>times</TT>,
<TT>trap</TT> and
<TT>unset</TT>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX543"></A>
<A NAME="IDX544"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PRINT_EIGHT_BIT</TT>
<DD>Print eight bit characters literally in completion lists, etc.
This option is not necessary if your system correctly returns the
printability of eight bit characters (see man page ctype(3)).
<P>
<A NAME="IDX545"></A>
<A NAME="IDX546"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PRINT_EXIT_VALUE</TT> (<TT>-1</TT>)
<DD>Print the exit value of programs with non-zero exit status.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX547"></A>
<A NAME="IDX548"></A>
<A NAME="IDX549"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PRIVILEGED</TT> (<TT>-p</TT>, ksh: <TT>-p</TT>)
<DD>Turn on privileged mode. This is enabled automatically on startup if the
effective user (group) ID is not equal to the real user (group) ID. Turning
this option off causes the effective user and group IDs to be set to the
real user and group IDs. This option disables sourcing user startup files.
If zsh is invoked as `<TT>sh</TT>' or `<TT>ksh</TT>' with this option set,
<TT>/etc/suid_profile</TT> is sourced (after <TT>/etc/profile</TT> on interactive
shells). Sourcing <TT>~/.profile</TT> is disabled and the contents of the
<TT>ENV</TT> variable is ignored. This option cannot be changed using the
<TT>-m</TT> option of <TT>setopt</TT> and <TT>unsetopt</TT>, and changing it inside a
function always changes it globally regardless of the <TT>LOCAL_OPTIONS</TT>
option.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX550"></A>
<A NAME="IDX551"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PROMPT_BANG</TT> <K>
<DD>If set, `<TT>!</TT>' is treated specially in prompt expansion.
See <A HREF="zsh_12.html#SEC39">12. Prompt Expansion</A>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX552"></A>
<A NAME="IDX553"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PROMPT_CR</TT> (<TT>+V</TT>) <D>
<DD>Print a carriage return just before printing
a prompt in the line editor. This is on by default as multi-line editing
is only possible if the editor knows where the start of the line appears.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX554"></A>
<A NAME="IDX555"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PROMPT_PERCENT</TT> <C> <Z>
<DD>If set, `<TT>%</TT>' is treated specially in prompt expansion.
See <A HREF="zsh_12.html#SEC39">12. Prompt Expansion</A>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX556"></A>
<A NAME="IDX557"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PROMPT_SUBST</TT> <K>
<DD>If set, <EM>parameter expansion</EM>, <EM>command substitution</EM> and
<EM>arithmetic expansion</EM> are performed in prompts.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX558"></A>
<A NAME="IDX559"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PUSHD_IGNORE_DUPS</TT>
<DD>Don't push multiple copies of the same directory onto the directory stack.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX560"></A>
<A NAME="IDX561"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PUSHD_MINUS</TT>
<DD>Exchanges the meanings of `<TT>+</TT>' and `<TT>-</TT>'
when used with a number to specify a directory in the stack.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX562"></A>
<A NAME="IDX563"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PUSHD_SILENT</TT> (<TT>-E</TT>)
<DD>Do not print the directory stack after <TT>pushd</TT> or <TT>popd</TT>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX564"></A>
<A NAME="IDX565"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PUSHD_TO_HOME</TT> (<TT>-D</TT>)
<DD>Have <TT>pushd</TT> with no arguments act like `<TT>pushd $HOME</TT>'.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX566"></A>
<A NAME="IDX567"></A>
<A NAME="IDX568"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>RC_EXPAND_PARAM</TT> (<TT>-P</TT>)
<DD>Array expansions of the form
`<VAR>foo</VAR><TT>${</TT><VAR>xx</VAR><TT>}</TT><VAR>bar</VAR>', where the parameter
<VAR>xx</VAR> is set to <TT>(</TT><VAR>a b c</VAR><TT>)</TT>, are substituted with
`<VAR>fooabar foobbar foocbar</VAR>' instead of the default
`<VAR>fooa b cbar</VAR>'.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX569"></A>
<A NAME="IDX570"></A>
<A NAME="IDX571"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>RC_QUOTES</TT>
<DD>Allow the character sequence `<TT>"</TT>' to signify a single quote
within singly quoted strings. Note this does not apply in quoted strings
using the format <TT>$'</TT><VAR>...</VAR><TT>'</TT>, where a backslashed single quote can
be used.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX572"></A>
<A NAME="IDX573"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>RCS</TT> (<TT>+f</TT>) <D>
<DD>After <TT>/etc/zshenv</TT> is sourced on startup, source the
<TT>.zshenv</TT>, <TT>/etc/zprofile</TT>, <TT>.zprofile</TT>,
<TT>/etc/zshrc</TT>, <TT>.zshrc</TT>, <TT>/etc/zlogin</TT>, <TT>.zlogin</TT>, and <TT>.zlogout</TT>
files, as described in <A HREF="zsh_4.html#SEC15">4. Files</A>.
If this option is unset, the <TT>/etc/zshenv</TT> file is still sourced, but any
of the others will not be; it can be set at any time to prevent the
remaining startup files after the currently executing one from
being sourced.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX574"></A>
<A NAME="IDX575"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>REC_EXACT</TT> (<TT>-S</TT>)
<DD>In completion, recognize exact matches even
if they are ambiguous.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX576"></A>
<A NAME="IDX577"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>RESTRICTED</TT> (<TT>-r</TT>)
<DD>Enables restricted mode. This option cannot be changed using
<TT>unsetopt</TT>, and setting it inside a function always changes it
globally regardless of the <TT>LOCAL_OPTIONS</TT> option. See
<A HREF="zsh_3.html#SEC14">3.3 Restricted Shell</A>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX578"></A>
<A NAME="IDX579"></A>
<A NAME="IDX580"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>RM_STAR_SILENT</TT> (<TT>-H</TT>) <K> <S>
<DD>Do not query the user before executing `<TT>rm *</TT>' or `<TT>rm path/*</TT>'.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX581"></A>
<A NAME="IDX582"></A>
<A NAME="IDX583"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>RM_STAR_WAIT</TT>
<DD>If querying the user before executing `<TT>rm *</TT>' or `<TT>rm path/*</TT>',
first wait ten seconds and ignore anything typed in that time.
This avoids the problem of reflexively answering `yes' to the query
when one didn't really mean it. The wait and query can always be
avoided by expanding the `<TT>*</TT>' in ZLE (with tab).
<P>
<A NAME="IDX584"></A>
<A NAME="IDX585"></A>
<A NAME="IDX586"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>SHARE_HISTORY</TT> <K>
<DD><P>
This option both imports new commands from the history file, and also
causes your typed commands to be appended to the history file (the
latter is like specifying <TT>INC_APPEND_HISTORY</TT>).
The history lines are also output with timestamps ala
<TT>EXTENDED_HISTORY</TT> (which makes it easier to find the spot where
we left off reading the file after it gets re-written).
</P>
<P>
By default, history movement commands visit the imported lines as
well as the local lines, but you can toggle this on and off with the
set-local-history zle binding. It is also possible to create a zle
widget that will make some commands ignore imported commands, and
some include them.
</P>
<P>
If you find that you want more control over when commands
get imported, you may wish to turn <TT>SHARE_HISTORY</TT> off,
<TT>INC_APPEND_HISTORY</TT> on, and then manually import
commands whenever you need them using `<TT>fc -RI</TT>'.
</P>
<P>
<A NAME="IDX587"></A>
<A NAME="IDX588"></A>
<A NAME="IDX589"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>SH_FILE_EXPANSION</TT> <K> <S>
<DD>Perform filename expansion (e.g., ~ expansion) <EM>before</EM>
parameter expansion, command substitution, arithmetic expansion
and brace expansion.
If this option is unset, it is performed <EM>after</EM>
brace expansion, so things like `<TT>~$USERNAME</TT>' and
`<TT>~{pfalstad,rc}</TT>' will work.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX590"></A>
<A NAME="IDX591"></A>
<A NAME="IDX592"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>SH_GLOB</TT> <K> <S>
<DD>Disables the special meaning of `<TT>(</TT>', `<TT>|</TT>', `<TT>)</TT>'
and '<TT><</TT>' for globbing the result of parameter and command substitutions,
and in some other places where
the shell accepts patterns. This option is set by default if zsh is
invoked as <TT>sh</TT> or <TT>ksh</TT>.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX593"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>SHIN_STDIN</TT> (<TT>-s</TT>, ksh: <TT>-s</TT>)
<DD>Commands are being read from the standard input.
Commands are read from standard input if no command is specified with
<TT>-c</TT> and no file of commands is specified. If <TT>SHIN_STDIN</TT>
is set explicitly on the command line,
any argument that would otherwise have been
taken as a file to run will instead be treated as a normal positional
parameter.
Note that setting or unsetting this option on the command line does not
necessarily affect the state the option will have while the shell is
running - that is purely an indicator of whether on not commands are
<EM>actually</EM> being read from standard input.
The value of this option cannot be changed anywhere other
than the command line.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX594"></A>
<A NAME="IDX595"></A>
<A NAME="IDX596"></A>
<A NAME="IDX597"></A>
<A NAME="IDX598"></A>
<A NAME="IDX599"></A>
<A NAME="IDX600"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>SH_NULLCMD</TT> <K> <S>
<DD>Do not use the values of <TT>NULLCMD</TT> and <TT>READNULLCMD</TT>
when doing redirections, use `<TT>:</TT>' instead (see <A HREF="zsh_6.html#SEC27">6. Redirection</A>).
<P>
<A NAME="IDX601"></A>
<A NAME="IDX602"></A>
<A NAME="IDX603"></A>
<A NAME="IDX604"></A>
<A NAME="IDX605"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>SH_OPTION_LETTERS</TT> <K> <S>
<DD>If this option is set the shell tries to interpret single letter options
(which are used with <TT>set</TT> and <TT>setopt</TT>) like <CITE>ksh</CITE> does.
This also affects the value of the <TT>-</TT> special parameter.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX606"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>SHORT_LOOPS</TT> <C> <Z>
<DD>Allow the short forms of <TT>for</TT>, <TT>select</TT>,
<TT>if</TT>, and <TT>function</TT> constructs.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX607"></A>
<A NAME="IDX608"></A>
<A NAME="IDX609"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>SH_WORD_SPLIT</TT> (<TT>-y</TT>) <K> <S>
<DD>Causes field splitting to be performed on unquoted parameter expansions.
Note that this option has nothing to do with word splitting.
(See <A HREF="zsh_13.html#SEC47">13.3 Parameter Expansion</A>.)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX610"></A>
<A NAME="IDX611"></A>
<A NAME="IDX612"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>SINGLE_COMMAND</TT> (<TT>-t</TT>, ksh: <TT>-t</TT>)
<DD>If the shell is reading from standard input, it exits after a single command
has been executed. This also makes the shell non-interactive, unless the
<TT>INTERACTIVE</TT> option is explicitly set on the command line.
The value of this option cannot be changed anywhere other than the command line.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX613"></A>
<A NAME="IDX614"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>SINGLE_LINE_ZLE</TT> (<TT>-M</TT>) <K>
<DD>Use single-line command line editing instead of multi-line.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX615"></A>
<A NAME="IDX616"></A>
<A NAME="IDX617"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>SUN_KEYBOARD_HACK</TT> (<TT>-L</TT>)
<DD>If a line ends with a backquote, and there are an odd number
of backquotes on the line, ignore the trailing backquote.
This is useful on some keyboards where the return key is
too small, and the backquote key lies annoyingly close to it.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX618"></A>
<A NAME="IDX619"></A>
<A NAME="IDX620"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>UNSET</TT> (<TT>+u</TT>, ksh: <TT>+u</TT>) <K> <S> <Z>
<DD>Treat unset parameters as if they were empty when substituting.
Otherwise they are treated as an error.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX621"></A>
<A NAME="IDX622"></A>
<A NAME="IDX623"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>VERBOSE</TT> (<TT>-v</TT>, ksh: <TT>-v</TT>)
<DD>Print shell input lines as they are read.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX624"></A>
<A NAME="IDX625"></A>
<A NAME="IDX626"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>XTRACE</TT> (<TT>-x</TT>, ksh: <TT>-x</TT>)
<DD>Print commands and their arguments as they are executed.
<P>
<A NAME="IDX627"></A>
<A NAME="IDX628"></A>
<A NAME="IDX629"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>ZLE</TT> (<TT>-Z</TT>)
<DD>Use the zsh line editor. Set by default in interactive shells connected to
a terminal.
<P>
</DL>
<A NAME="Option Aliases"></A>
<P>
<HR SIZE="6">
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<TD VALIGN="MIDDLE" ALIGN="LEFT">[<A HREF="zsh_abt.html#SEC_About"> ? </A>]</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
<H2> 15.3 Option Aliases </H2>
<!--docid::SEC77::-->
<A NAME="IDX630"></A>
Some options have alternative names. These aliases are never used for
output, but can be used just like normal option names when specifying
options to the shell.
<P>
</P>
<DL COMPACT>
<A NAME="IDX631"></A>
<DT><TT>BRACE_EXPAND</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM><TT>IGNORE_BRACES</TT>
(ksh and bash compatibility)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX632"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>DOT_GLOB</TT>
<DD><TT>GLOB_DOTS</TT>
(bash compatibility)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX633"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HASH_ALL</TT>
<DD><TT>HASH_CMDS</TT>
(bash compatibility)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX634"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_APPEND</TT>
<DD><TT>APPEND_HISTORY</TT>
(bash compatibility)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX635"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>HIST_EXPAND</TT>
<DD><TT>BANG_HIST</TT>
(bash compatibility)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX636"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>LOG</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM><TT>HIST_NO_FUNCTIONS</TT>
(ksh compatibility)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX637"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>MAIL_WARN</TT>
<DD><TT>MAIL_WARNING</TT>
(bash compatibility)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX638"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>ONE_CMD</TT>
<DD><TT>SINGLE_COMMAND</TT>
(bash compatibility)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX639"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PHYSICAL</TT>
<DD><TT>CHASE_LINKS</TT>
(ksh and bash compatibility)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX640"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>PROMPT_VARS</TT>
<DD><TT>PROMPT_SUBST</TT>
(bash compatibility)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX641"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>STDIN</TT>
<DD><TT>SHIN_STDIN</TT>
(ksh compatibility)
<P>
<A NAME="IDX642"></A>
</P>
<DT><TT>TRACK_ALL</TT>
<DD><TT>HASH_CMDS</TT>
(ksh compatibility)
<P>
</DL>
<A NAME="Single Letter Options"></A>
<P>
<HR SIZE="6">
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</TR></TABLE>
<H2> 15.4 Single Letter Options </H2>
<!--docid::SEC78::-->
<A NAME="IDX643"></A>
<A NAME="IDX644"></A>
<P>
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</TR></TABLE>
<H3> 15.4.1 Default set </H3>
<!--docid::SEC79::-->
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><TT>-0</TT>
<DD>CORRECT
<DT><TT>-1</TT>
<DD>PRINT_EXIT_VALUE
<DT><TT>-2</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>BAD_PATTERN
<DT><TT>-3</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>NOMATCH
<DT><TT>-4</TT>
<DD>GLOB_DOTS
<DT><TT>-5</TT>
<DD>NOTIFY
<DT><TT>-6</TT>
<DD>BG_NICE
<DT><TT>-7</TT>
<DD>IGNORE_EOF
<DT><TT>-8</TT>
<DD>MARK_DIRS
<DT><TT>-9</TT>
<DD>AUTO_LIST
<DT><TT>-B</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>BEEP
<DT><TT>-C</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>CLOBBER
<DT><TT>-D</TT>
<DD>PUSHD_TO_HOME
<DT><TT>-E</TT>
<DD>PUSHD_SILENT
<DT><TT>-F</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>GLOB
<DT><TT>-G</TT>
<DD>NULL_GLOB
<DT><TT>-H</TT>
<DD>RM_STAR_SILENT
<DT><TT>-I</TT>
<DD>IGNORE_BRACES
<DT><TT>-J</TT>
<DD>AUTO_CD
<DT><TT>-K</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>BANG_HIST
<DT><TT>-L</TT>
<DD>SUN_KEYBOARD_HACK
<DT><TT>-M</TT>
<DD>SINGLE_LINE_ZLE
<DT><TT>-N</TT>
<DD>AUTO_PUSHD
<DT><TT>-O</TT>
<DD>CORRECT_ALL
<DT><TT>-P</TT>
<DD>RC_EXPAND_PARAM
<DT><TT>-Q</TT>
<DD>PATH_DIRS
<DT><TT>-R</TT>
<DD>LONG_LIST_JOBS
<DT><TT>-S</TT>
<DD>REC_EXACT
<DT><TT>-T</TT>
<DD>CDABLE_VARS
<DT><TT>-U</TT>
<DD>MAIL_WARNING
<DT><TT>-V</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>PROMPT_CR
<DT><TT>-W</TT>
<DD>AUTO_RESUME
<DT><TT>-X</TT>
<DD>LIST_TYPES
<DT><TT>-Y</TT>
<DD>MENU_COMPLETE
<DT><TT>-Z</TT>
<DD>ZLE
<DT><TT>-a</TT>
<DD>ALL_EXPORT
<DT><TT>-e</TT>
<DD>ERR_EXIT
<DT><TT>-f</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>RCS
<DT><TT>-g</TT>
<DD>HIST_IGNORE_SPACE
<DT><TT>-h</TT>
<DD>HIST_IGNORE_DUPS
<DT><TT>-i</TT>
<DD>INTERACTIVE
<DT><TT>-k</TT>
<DD>INTERACTIVE_COMMENTS
<DT><TT>-l</TT>
<DD>LOGIN
<DT><TT>-m</TT>
<DD>MONITOR
<DT><TT>-n</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>EXEC
<DT><TT>-p</TT>
<DD>PRIVILEGED
<DT><TT>-r</TT>
<DD>RESTRICTED
<DT><TT>-s</TT>
<DD>SHIN_STDIN
<DT><TT>-t</TT>
<DD>SINGLE_COMMAND
<DT><TT>-u</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>UNSET
<DT><TT>-v</TT>
<DD>VERBOSE
<DT><TT>-w</TT>
<DD>CHASE_LINKS
<DT><TT>-x</TT>
<DD>XTRACE
<DT><TT>-y</TT>
<DD>SH_WORD_SPLIT
</DL>
<P>
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<H3> 15.4.2 sh/ksh emulation set </H3>
<!--docid::SEC80::-->
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><TT>-C</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>CLOBBER
<DT><TT>-X</TT>
<DD>MARK_DIRS
<DT><TT>-a</TT>
<DD>ALL_EXPORT
<DT><TT>-b</TT>
<DD>NOTIFY
<DT><TT>-e</TT>
<DD>ERR_EXIT
<DT><TT>-f</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>GLOB
<DT><TT>-i</TT>
<DD>INTERACTIVE
<DT><TT>-l</TT>
<DD>LOGIN
<DT><TT>-m</TT>
<DD>MONITOR
<DT><TT>-n</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>EXEC
<DT><TT>-p</TT>
<DD>PRIVILEGED
<DT><TT>-r</TT>
<DD>RESTRICTED
<DT><TT>-s</TT>
<DD>SHIN_STDIN
<DT><TT>-t</TT>
<DD>SINGLE_COMMAND
<DT><TT>-u</TT>
<DD><EM>NO_</EM>UNSET
<DT><TT>-v</TT>
<DD>VERBOSE
<DT><TT>-x</TT>
<DD>XTRACE
</DL>
<P>
<HR SIZE="6">
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<H3> 15.4.3 Also note </H3>
<!--docid::SEC81::-->
<DL COMPACT>
<DT><TT>-A</TT>
<DD>Used by <TT>set</TT> for setting arrays
<DT><TT>-b</TT>
<DD>Used on the command line to specify end of option processing
<DT><TT>-c</TT>
<DD>Used on the command line to specify a single command
<DT><TT>-m</TT>
<DD>Used by <TT>setopt</TT> for pattern-matching option setting
<DT><TT>-o</TT>
<DD>Used in all places to allow use of long option names
<DT><TT>-s</TT>
<DD>Used by <TT>set</TT> to sort positional parameters
</DL>
<A NAME="Shell Builtin Commands"></A>
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