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CLASS="CHAPTER"
><H1
><A
NAME="GETTINGSTARTED"
>Getting Started</A
></H1
><P
>IPTraf is a network monitoring utility for IP networks. It
intercepts packets on the network and gives out various pieces
of information about the current IP traffic over it. Information returned
by IPTraf include:</P
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> Total, IP, TCP, UDP, ICMP, and non-IP byte counts</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> TCP source and destination addresses and ports</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> TCP packet and byte counts</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> TCP flag statuses</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> UDP source and destination information</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> ICMP type information</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> OSPF source and destination information</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> TCP and UDP service statistics</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> Interface packet counts</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> Interface IP checksum error counts</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> Interface activity indicators</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> LAN station statistics</P
></LI
></UL
><P
>IPTraf can be used to monitor the load on an IP network, the most
used types of network services, the proceedings of TCP
connections, and others.</P
><P
> IPTraf is a software-only analyzer. It utilizes the built-in raw packet
capture interface of the Linux kernel, allowing it to be used with a
wide range of Ethernet cards, supported FDDI adapters, supported
ISDN adapters, Token Ring, asynchronous SLIP/ PPP interfaces and
other network devices. No special hardware is required.</P
><P
> Basic knowledge of the important TCP/IP protocols (IP, TCP, UDP, ICMP,
etc.) is necessary for you to best understand the information generated
by the program.</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT1"
><H1
CLASS="SECT1"
><A
NAME="INSTALLATION"
>Installation</A
></H1
><P
> IPTraf is most readily available on the Internet, but some may receive
it on a diskette. Here are the instructions for both types
of distributions.</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN98"
>System Requirements</A
></H2
><P
>IPTraf requires:</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN101"
>Hardware Requirements</A
></H3
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> 16 megabytes of physical RAM (more recommended, at least 64 MB for very busy networks)</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> 2 megabytes of free disk space for installation (more will be needed if you log high amounts of traffic over time)</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> Pentium-class processor or higher (Pentium-II 200 MHz or higher recommended) or equivalent.</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> One or more of the supported network interfaces.</P
></LI
></UL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN112"
>Operating System Requirements</A
></H3
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> Linux kernel 2.2.0 or higher</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> GNU C Library 2.1 or later</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> ncurses 4.2 or later with the complete terminfo database in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/share/terminfo</TT
>. Support for
<TT
CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT"
>linux</TT
>, <TT
CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT"
>vt100</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT"
>xterm</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT"
>xterm-color</TT
> recommended. </P
></LI
></UL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="AEN126"
>Compilation Requirements</A
></H3
><P
>The following components are required when compiling IPTraf from the
source code.</P
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> gcc 2.7.2.3 or later</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> GNU C (glibc) development library 2.1 or later</P
></LI
><LI
STYLE="list-style-type: disc"
><P
> ncurses development libraries 4.2 or later</P
></LI
></UL
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN136"
>Availability</A
></H2
><P
> IPTraf can be downloaded from the Internet from the official FTP site at
<A
HREF="ftp://iptraf.seul.org/pub/iptraf/"
TARGET="_top"
>ftp://iptraf.seul.org/pub/iptraf/</A
>.</P
><P
> The software is available in source form in
compressed
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>.tar.gz</TT
> files named
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>iptraf-<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>x.y.z</I
></TT
>.tar.gz</TT
> where
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>x.y.z</I
></TT
></TT
>
is the version number. Precompiled ready-to-run software is available in
the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>iptraf-<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>x.y.z.machinetype</I
></TT
>.bin.tar.gz</TT
>
files. (<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>machinetype</I
></TT
></TT
> indicates
what platform the precompiled binaries run on. The official distribution
will only be for the Intel x86 architecture indicated as
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>i386</TT
>.)</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN151"
>Installing Downloaded Packages</A
></H2
><P
> You will need to have GNU tar and GNU zip installed. All
modern Linux installations already have these utilities ready.</P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>
Decompress the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>.tar.gz</TT
> file by entering</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="90%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SYNOPSIS"
>tar zxvf iptraf-<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>x.y.z</I
></TT
>.tar.gz</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
> for the source code or</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="90%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SYNOPSIS"
>tar zxvf iptraf-<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>x.y.z</I
></TT
>.i386.bin.tar.gz</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>for the precompiled x86 programs.</P
><P
>If your tar doesn't support the z option, you can separately
decompress the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>.tar.gz</TT
> file
then extract the resulting <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>.tar</TT
> archive.</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="90%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SYNOPSIS"
>gunzip iptraf-<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>x.y.z</I
></TT
>.tar.gz
tar xvf iptraf-<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>x.y.z</I
></TT
>.tar</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>This will decompress the sources into a directory called
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>iptraf-<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>x.y.z</I
></TT
></TT
> (source code)
or
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>iptraf-<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>x.y.z</I
></TT
>.bin</TT
>
(precompiled).
(<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>x.y.z</I
></TT
> here should be the IPTraf version number
you're installing, like <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>2.7.0</TT
>).</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Change to the created top level directory.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>To compile and install the software, run the Setup program by entering</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="90%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SYNOPSIS"
>./Setup</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
> while you are logged in as root. The Setup script will recognize the
source distribution and compile the software before installing. It
will immediately install a precompiled distribution.</P
></LI
></OL
><P
> The resulting binaries will be placed in the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/bin</TT
> directory.
All needed directories will also be created.</P
><P
> After installation, you will be asked if you want to
read the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>RELEASE-NOTES</TT
> file. It is recommended that you do so at
that point, since the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>RELEASE-NOTES</TT
> file
contains important information about the new version.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="AEN188"
>Installing a Floppy Distribution</A
></H2
><P
> If you received IPTraf
on a diskette, the sources are already decompressed. The diskette is
in Second Extended filesystem format. Perform the following steps to
install the software. </P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>Insert the floppy in the drive.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Mount the floppy on an empty directory. For example, to
mount the floppy in the first floppy drive under a directory
called <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/mnt</TT
>, enter</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="90%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SYNOPSIS"
>mount -t ext2 /dev/fd0 /mnt</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
> This assumes your floppy is in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/dev/fd0</TT
>. You can use any empty directory in place
of <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/mnt</TT
>. With most Linux installations, this will work fine.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> After mounting, change
to the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/mnt</TT
> (or whatever) directory.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Enter</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="90%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SYNOPSIS"
>./Setup</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
> while logged in as root. Setup will determine whether the diskette
contains a source code distribution or
ready-to-run precompiled software. This will copy the binaries to
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/bin</TT
>, and
create the necessary working directories.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Unmount the diskette by typing</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="90%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="SYNOPSIS"
>umount /mnt</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
> (That's <I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>u</I
>mount, not <I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>un</I
>mount.)</P
><P
> You can then eject the diskette. Store it in a safe place.</P
><P
> You will also be asked if you want to view the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>RELEASE-NOTES</TT
> file. It is
recommended that you do so at that point.</P
><P
> In both cases (downloaded and floppy), the installation will store the
program in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/bin</TT
> with the binaries owned by
user root, readable, writable, and executable by the owner,
no permissions for the group, no permissions for all others. (700 octal,
or <TT
CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT"
>-rwx------</TT
>).</P
><DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="NOTE"
WIDTH="90%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="./stylesheet-images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="CENTER"
><B
>Note</B
></TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
> You must be <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>root</TT
> to
do the installation. The old style of installation (<B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>cd src;make
install</B
>)
is still supported.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></LI
></OL
><P
> Be sure <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/bin</TT
> is included in
your environment's <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>PATH</TT
> variable. You can
edit the appropriate command in your login customization
file (<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>.profile</TT
> for the Bourne-type shells,
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>.cshrc</TT
> for the C shell and its relatives).</P
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