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>proc_open</H1
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><P
> (PHP 4 >= 4.3.0)</P
>proc_open --
Execute a command and open file pointers for input/output
</DIV
><DIV
CLASS="refsect1"
><A
NAME="AEN78860"
></A
><H2
>Description</H2
>resource <B
CLASS="methodname"
>proc_open</B
> ( string cmd, array descriptorspec, array pipes)<BR
></BR
><P
> <B
CLASS="function"
>proc_open()</B
> is similar to <A
HREF="function.popen.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>popen()</B
></A
>
but provides a much greater degree of control over the program execution.
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>cmd</I
></TT
> is the command to be executed by the shell.
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>descriptorspec</I
></TT
> is an indexed array where the
key represents the descriptor number and the value represents how PHP
will pass that descriptor to the child process.
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>pipes</I
></TT
> will be set to an indexed array of file
pointers that correspond to PHP's end of any pipes that are created.
The return value is a resource representing the process; you should
free it using <A
HREF="function.proc-close.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>proc_close()</B
></A
> when you are finished
with it.
</P
><P
> <DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><A
NAME="AEN78882"
></A
><P
></P
><TABLE
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><TD
><PRE
CLASS="php"
>$descriptorspec = array(
0 => array("pipe", "r"), // stdin is a pipe that the child will read from
1 => array("pipe", "w"), // stdout is a pipe that the child will write to
2 => array("file", "/tmp/error-output.txt", "a"), // stderr is a file to write to
);
$process = proc_open("php", $descriptorspec, $pipes);
if (is_resource($process)) {
// $pipes now looks like this:
// 0 => writeable handle connected to child stdin
// 1 => readable handle connected to child stdout
// Any error output will be appended to /tmp/error-output.txt
fwrite($pipes[0], "<?php echo \"Hello World!\"; ?>");
fclose($pipes[0]);
while(!feof($pipes[1])) {
echo fgets($pipes[1], 1024);
}
fclose($pipes[1]);
// It is important that you close any pipes before calling
// proc_close in order to avoid a deadlock
$return_value = proc_close($process);
echo "command returned $return_value\n";
}</PRE
></TD
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></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
>
</P
><P
> The file descriptor numbers in <TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>descriptorspec</I
></TT
> are
not limited to 0, 1 and 2 - you may specify any valid file descriptor
number and it will be passed to the child process. This allows your
script to interoperate with other scripts that run as "co-processes".
In particular, this is useful for passing passphrases to programs like
PGP, GPG and openssl in a more secure manner. It is also useful for
reading status information provided by those programs on auxillary
file descriptors.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
>
Windows compatibility: Descriptors beyond 2 (stderr) are made
available to the child process as inheritable handles, but since
the Windows architecture does not associate file descriptor numbers
with low-level handles, the child process does not (yet) have a means
of accessing those handles. Stdin, stdout and stderr work as expected.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
>
This function was introduced in PHP 4.3.0.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
>
If you only need a uni-directional (one-way) process pipe, use
<A
HREF="function.popen.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>popen()</B
></A
> instead, as it is much easier to use.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><P
> See also <A
HREF="function.exec.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>exec()</B
></A
>, <A
HREF="function.system.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>system()</B
></A
>,
<A
HREF="function.passthru.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>passthru()</B
></A
>, <A
HREF="function.popen.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>popen()</B
></A
>,
<A
HREF="function.escapeshellcmd.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>escapeshellcmd()</B
></A
>, and the <A
HREF="language.operators.execution.html"
>backtick operator</A
>.
</P
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