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><DIV
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><DIV
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><H1
CLASS="title"
>XXI. dbx functions</H1
><DIV
CLASS="PARTINTRO"
><A
NAME="AEN17628"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="dbx.intro"
></A
>Introduction</H1
><P
>&#13;     The dbx module is a database abstraction layer (db 'X', where 'X'
     is a supported database). The dbx functions allow you to access
     all supported databases using a single calling convention.
     The dbx-functions themselves do not interface directly to the
     databases, but interface to the modules that are used to support
     these databases.
    </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="dbx.required"
></A
>Requirements</H1
><P
>&#13;     To be able to use a database with the dbx-module, the module must be either
     linked or loaded into PHP, and the database module must be supported by the
     dbx-module. Currently, following databases are supported, but others
     will follow:
     <P
></P
><UL
><LI
><P
>&#13;        <A
HREF="ref.fbsql.html"
>FrontBase</A
> (available from PHP 4.1.0).
       </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;        <A
HREF="ref.mssql.html"
>Microsoft SQL Server</A
>
       </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;        <A
HREF="ref.mysql.html"
>MySQL</A
>
       </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;        <A
HREF="ref.odbc.html"
>ODBC</A
>
       </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;        <A
HREF="ref.pgsql.html"
>PostgreSQL</A
>
       </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;        <A
HREF="ref.sybase.html"
>Sybase-CT</A
> (available from PHP 4.2.0).
       </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>&#13;        <A
HREF="ref.oci8.html"
>Oracle (oci8)</A
> (available from PHP 4.3.0).
       </P
></LI
></UL
>
    </P
><P
>&#13;     Documentation for adding additional database support to dbx can be
     found at <A
HREF="http://www.guidance.nl/php/dbx/doc/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.guidance.nl/php/dbx/doc/</A
>.
    </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="dbx.installation"
></A
>Installation</H1
><P
>&#13;  In order to have these functions available, you must compile PHP with
  dbx support by using the <TT
CLASS="option"
>--enable-dbx</TT
>
  option and all options for the databases that will be used, e.g. for
  MySQL you must also specify
  <TT
CLASS="option"
>--with-mysql=[DIR]</TT
>.
  To get other supported databases to work with the dbx-module refer to their
  specific documentation.
 </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="dbx.configuration"
></A
>Runtime Configuration</H1
><P
>&#13;The behaviour of these functions is affected by settings in <TT
CLASS="filename"
>php.ini</TT
>.
</P
><P
>&#13;  <DIV
CLASS="table"
><A
NAME="AEN17669"
></A
><P
><B
>Table 1. DBX Configuration Options</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="1"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><THEAD
><TR
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>Name</TH
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>Default</TH
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>Changeable</TH
></TR
></THEAD
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>dbx.colnames_case</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>"unchanged"</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>PHP_INI_SYSTEM</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
></DIV
>
  For further details and definition of the PHP_INI_* constants see
  <A
HREF="function.ini-set.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>ini_set()</B
></A
>.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
>
  This ini-option is available available from PHP 4.3.0.
 </P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><P
>&#13; Here is a short explanation of the configuration directives.
 <P
></P
><DIV
CLASS="variablelist"
><DL
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.dbx.colnames-case"
></A
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>dbx.colnames_case</I
></TT
>
    <A
HREF="language.types.string.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>string</B
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;     Columns names can be returned "unchanged" or converted to
     "uppercase" or "lowercase". This directive can be overridden
     with a flag to <A
HREF="function.dbx-query.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>dbx_query()</B
></A
>.
    </P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
>
 </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="dbx.resources"
></A
>Resource Types</H1
><P
>&#13;     There are two resource types used in the dbx module. The first one is the
     link-<A
HREF="language.types.object.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>object</B
></A
> for a database connection, the second a
     result-<A
HREF="language.types.object.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>object</B
></A
> which helds the result of a query.
    </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="constants.dbx"
></A
>Predefined Constants</H1
><P
>&#13;The constants below are defined by this extension, and
will only be available when the extension has either
been compiled into PHP or dynamically loaded at runtime.
</P
><P
></P
><DIV
CLASS="variablelist"
><DL
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_MYSQL</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_ODBC</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_PGSQL</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_MSSQL</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_FBSQL</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_OCI8</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>) (available from PHP 4.3.0)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_SYBASECT</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_PERSISTENT</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_RESULT_INFO</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_RESULT_INDEX</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_RESULT_ASSOC</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_COLNAMES_UNCHANGED</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>) (available from PHP 4.3.0)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_COLNAMES_UPPERCASE</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>) (available from PHP 4.3.0)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_COLNAMES_LOWERCASE</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>) (available from PHP 4.3.0)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_CMP_NATIVE</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_CMP_TEXT</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_CMP_NUMBER</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_CMP_ASC</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>DBX_CMP_DESC</B
></TT
> 
      (<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
>integer</A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>&#13;       
      </P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="TOC"
><DL
><DT
><B
>Table of Contents</B
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.dbx-close.html"
>dbx_close</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Close an open connection/database</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.dbx-compare.html"
>dbx_compare</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Compare two rows for sorting purposes</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.dbx-connect.html"
>dbx_connect</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Open a connection/database</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.dbx-error.html"
>dbx_error</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;
     Report the error message of the latest function call in the
     module (not just in the connection)
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.dbx-escape-string.html"
>dbx_escape_string</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;
     Escape a string so it can safely be used in an sql-statement.
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.dbx-query.html"
>dbx_query</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Send a query and fetch all results (if any)</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.dbx-sort.html"
>dbx_sort</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;
     Sort a result from a dbx_query by a custom sort function
    </DT
></DL
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