<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>Mathematical Functions</TITLE
><META
NAME="GENERATOR"
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK
REL="HOME"
TITLE="PHP Manual"
HREF="index.html"><LINK
REL="UP"
TITLE="Function Reference"
HREF="funcref.html"><LINK
REL="PREVIOUS"
TITLE="mailparse_uudecode_all"
HREF="function.mailparse-uudecode-all.html"><LINK
REL="NEXT"
TITLE="abs"
HREF="function.abs.html"><META
HTTP-EQUIV="Content-type"
CONTENT="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"></HEAD
><BODY
CLASS="reference"
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
TEXT="#000000"
LINK="#0000FF"
VLINK="#840084"
ALINK="#0000FF"
><DIV
CLASS="NAVHEADER"
><TABLE
SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TH
COLSPAN="3"
ALIGN="center"
>PHP Manual</TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="function.mailparse-uudecode-all.html"
ACCESSKEY="P"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="80%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="bottom"
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="function.abs.html"
ACCESSKEY="N"
>Next</A
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="reference"
><A
NAME="ref.math"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="TITLEPAGE"
><H1
CLASS="title"
>LI. Mathematical Functions</H1
><DIV
CLASS="PARTINTRO"
><A
NAME="AEN44212"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="math.intro"
></A
>Introduction</H1
><P
> These math functions will only handle values within the range of
the <A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
> and <A
HREF="language.types.float.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>float</B
></A
> types on your computer
(this corresponds currently to the C types long resp. double).
If you need to handle bigger numbers, take a look at the <A
HREF="ref.bc.html"
>arbitrary precision math functions</A
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="math.requirements"
></A
>Requirements</H1
><P
>No external libraries are needed to build this extension.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="math.installation"
></A
>Installation</H1
><P
>There is no installation needed to use these
functions; they are part of the PHP core.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="math.configuration"
></A
>Runtime Configuration</H1
><P
>This extension has no configuration directives defined in <TT
CLASS="filename"
>php.ini</TT
>.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="math.resources"
></A
>Resource Types</H1
><P
>This extension has no resource types defined.</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="math.constants"
></A
>Predefined Constants</H1
><P
> The constants below are always available as part of the PHP core.
</P
><P
> <DIV
CLASS="table"
><A
NAME="AEN44236"
></A
><P
><B
>Table 1. Math constants</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="1"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><THEAD
><TR
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>Constant</TH
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>Value</TH
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>Description</TH
></TR
></THEAD
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_PI</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>3.14159265358979323846</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>Pi</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_E</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>2.7182818284590452354</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>e</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_LOG2E</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>1.4426950408889634074</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>log_2 e</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_LOG10E</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>0.43429448190325182765</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>log_10 e</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_LN2</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>0.69314718055994530942</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>log_e 2</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_LN10</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>2.30258509299404568402</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>log_e 10</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_PI_2</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>1.57079632679489661923</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>pi/2</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_PI_4</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>0.78539816339744830962</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>pi/4</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_1_PI</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>0.31830988618379067154</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>1/pi</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_2_PI</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>0.63661977236758134308</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>2/pi</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_SQRTPI</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>1.77245385090551602729</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>sqrt(pi) [4.0.2]</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_2_SQRTPI</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>1.12837916709551257390</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>2/sqrt(pi)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_SQRT2</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>1.41421356237309504880</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>sqrt(2)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_SQRT3</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>1.73205080756887729352</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>sqrt(3) [4.0.2]</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_SQRT1_2</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>0.70710678118654752440</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>1/sqrt(2)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_LNPI</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>1.14472988584940017414</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>log_e(pi) [4.0.2]</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>M_EULER</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>0.57721566490153286061</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>Euler constant [4.0.2]</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
></DIV
>
Only M_PI is available in PHP versions up to and including PHP 4.0.0.
All other constants are available starting with PHP 4.0.0. Constants
labeled [4.0.2] were added in PHP 4.0.2.
</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="TOC"
><DL
><DT
><B
>Table of Contents</B
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.abs.html"
>abs</A
> -- Absolute value</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.acos.html"
>acos</A
> -- Arc cosine</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.acosh.html"
>acosh</A
> -- Inverse hyperbolic cosine</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.asin.html"
>asin</A
> -- Arc sine</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.asinh.html"
>asinh</A
> -- Inverse hyperbolic sine</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.atan2.html"
>atan2</A
> -- arc tangent of two variables</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.atan.html"
>atan</A
> -- Arc tangent</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.atanh.html"
>atanh</A
> -- Inverse hyperbolic tangent</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.base-convert.html"
>base_convert</A
> -- Convert a number between arbitrary bases</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.bindec.html"
>bindec</A
> -- Binary to decimal</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.ceil.html"
>ceil</A
> -- Round fractions up</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.cos.html"
>cos</A
> -- Cosine</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.cosh.html"
>cosh</A
> -- Hyperbolic cosine</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.decbin.html"
>decbin</A
> -- Decimal to binary</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.dechex.html"
>dechex</A
> -- Decimal to hexadecimal</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.decoct.html"
>decoct</A
> -- Decimal to octal</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.deg2rad.html"
>deg2rad</A
> --
Converts the number in degrees to the radian equivalent
</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.exp.html"
>exp</A
> -- Calculates the exponent of <TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>e</B
></TT
> (the
Neperian or Natural logarithm base)</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.expm1.html"
>expm1</A
> --
Returns exp(number) - 1, computed in a way that is accurate even
when the value of number is close to zero
</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.floor.html"
>floor</A
> -- Round fractions down</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.fmod.html"
>fmod</A
> -- Returns the floating point remainder (modulo) of the division
of the arguments</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.getrandmax.html"
>getrandmax</A
> -- Show largest possible random value</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.hexdec.html"
>hexdec</A
> -- Hexadecimal to decimal</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.hypot.html"
>hypot</A
> --
Returns sqrt( num1*num1 + num2*num2)
</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.is-finite.html"
>is_finite</A
> --
</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.is-infinite.html"
>is_infinite</A
> --
</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.is-nan.html"
>is_nan</A
> --
</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.lcg-value.html"
>lcg_value</A
> -- Combined linear congruential generator</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.log10.html"
>log10</A
> -- Base-10 logarithm</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.log1p.html"
>log1p</A
> --
Returns log(1 + number), computed in a way that accurate even when the val
ue of number is close to zero
</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.log.html"
>log</A
> -- Natural logarithm</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.max.html"
>max</A
> -- Find highest value</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.min.html"
>min</A
> -- Find lowest value</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.mt-getrandmax.html"
>mt_getrandmax</A
> -- Show largest possible random value</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.mt-rand.html"
>mt_rand</A
> -- Generate a better random value</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.mt-srand.html"
>mt_srand</A
> -- Seed the better random number generator</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.octdec.html"
>octdec</A
> -- Octal to decimal</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pi.html"
>pi</A
> -- Get value of pi</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pow.html"
>pow</A
> -- Exponential expression</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.rad2deg.html"
>rad2deg</A
> --
Converts the radian number to the equivalent number in degrees
</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.rand.html"
>rand</A
> -- Generate a random value</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.round.html"
>round</A
> -- Rounds a float</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.sin.html"
>sin</A
> -- Sine</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.sinh.html"
>sinh</A
> -- Hyperbolic sine</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.sqrt.html"
>sqrt</A
> -- Square root</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.srand.html"
>srand</A
> -- Seed the random number generator</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.tan.html"
>tan</A
> -- Tangent</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.tanh.html"
>tanh</A
> -- Hyperbolic tangent</DT
></DL
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="function.mailparse-uudecode-all.html"
ACCESSKEY="P"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="34%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="index.html"
ACCESSKEY="H"
>Home</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="function.abs.html"
ACCESSKEY="N"
>Next</A
></TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="top"
>mailparse_uudecode_all</TD
><TD
WIDTH="34%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="funcref.html"
ACCESSKEY="U"
>Up</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="top"
>abs</TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></BODY
></HTML
>
distrib
>
Mandriva
>
9.1
>
ppc
>
media
>
main
>
by-pkgid
>
0afeee9cca140e167a996902b9a677c5
>
files
>
3097
