<HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE >$B2;@<G'<1$NFbB&(B</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.54"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="Speech Recognition HOWTO" HREF="index.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="$B2;@<G'<1%=%U%H%&%'%"(B" HREF="software.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="$B=PHGJ*(B" HREF="publications.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="SECT1" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" ><DIV CLASS="NAVHEADER" ><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TH COLSPAN="3" ALIGN="center" >Speech Recognition HOWTO</TH ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="software.html" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="80%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" ></TD ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="publications.html" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A NAME="INSIDE" >6. $B2;@<G'<1$NFbB&(B</A ></H1 ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="RECOGNIZERS" >6.1. $B$I$N$h$&$KG'<1$7$F$$$k$+(B</A ></H2 ><P > $BG'<1%7%9%F%`$O(B 2 $B$D$N<g$JItJ,$KJ,2r$G$-$^$9(B. $B%Q%?!<%sG'<1%7%9%F%`$O(B $BE,9g$rH=CG$9$k$?$a$K%Q%?!<%s$r4{CN$N$b$N$d3X=,$7$?%Q%?!<%s$HHf3S$7$^$9(B. Acoustic Phonetic $B%7%9%F%`$O2;@<$NFCD'(B ($BJl2;$J$I$N2;$J$I$N2;@<(B) $B$rHf3S$9$k(B $B$?$a$K?MBN$K4X$9$kCN<1(B ($B@<$N@8@.(B, $B$HD03P(B) $B$rMxMQ$7$^$9(B. $B$[$H$s$I$N8=BeE*$J%7%9%F%`$O$3$N$h$&$J%Q%?!<%sG'<1%"%W%m!<%A$K=EE@$rCV$$$F(B $B$$$^$9(B, $B$J$<$J$i(B. $B$=$l$O8=:_$N%3%s%T%e!<%?MxMQ5;=Q$H$&$^$/7k$S$D$-(B, $B9b$$@:EY$rF@$d$9$$$+$i$G$9(B. </P ><P >$B$[$H$s$I$NG'<1AuCV$O0J2<$N$h$&$JCJ3,$KJ,2r$G$-$^$9(B:</P ><P > <P ></P ><OL TYPE="1" ><LI ><P > $B%*!<%G%#%*$N5-O?$HH/OC$N8!=P(B </P ></LI ><LI ><P > $B%W%j%U%#%k%?%j%s%0(B ($B%W%j%(%s%U%!%5%$%:(B, $B@55,2=(B, $B%P%s%G%#%s%0$J$I(B) </P ></LI ><LI ><P >$B%U%l!<%_%s%0$H%&%#%s%I%&%#%s%0(B ($B%G!<%?$r;HMQ$G$-$k7A<0$KJ,2r$9$k(B) </P ></LI ><LI ><P > $B%U%#%k%?%j%s%0(B ($B99$K$=$l$>$l$N(Bwindow/frame/freq.band$B$r%U%#%k%?%j%s%0(B) </P ></LI ><LI ><P > $BHf3S$HE,9g(B ($BH/OC$NG'<1(B) </P ></LI ><LI ><P > $BF0:n(B ($BG'<1$5$l$?%Q%?!<%s$K4XO"$7$?5!G=$r<B9T(B) </P ></LI ></OL ></P ><P > $B$=$l$>$l$NCJ3,$OC1=c$K8+$($^$9$,(B, $B0l$D0l$D$OB??t$N0[$J$k(B ($B$=$7$F$H$-$I$-$O40A4$K5U$N(B) $B5;=Q$rMxMQ$7$F$$$^$9(B.</P ><P >(1) $B%*!<%G%#%*(B/$BH/@<$NO?2;(B: $B$$$m$$$m$JJ}K!$,$"$j$^$9(B. $B;O$a$O<~0O$N%*!<%G%#%*$N%l%Y%k(B ($B$$$/$D$+$N>l9g$G$O2;6A$N%(%M%k%.!<(B) $B$r(B $BO?2;$5$l$F$$$k%5%s%W%k$HHf3S$9$k$3$H$G$9(B. $B=*E@$NH=JL$O(B, $BOC<T$,(B $B8F5[$d$?$aB)(B, $B;u$NLD$-(B, $B%(%3!<$J$I$N(B "artifacts" $B$r;D$7$,$A$J$N$G$5$i$K:$Fq$G$9(B. </P ><P >(2) $B%W%j%U%#%k%?%j%s%0(B: $BG'<1%7%9%F%`$NB>$N5!G=$K0MB8$7$F(B, $B$$$m$$$m$JJ}K!$G9T$J$o$l$^$9(B. $B:G$b0lHLE*$JJ}K!$O(B, $B%5%s%W%k$N=`Hw$N$?$a$K0lO"$N%*!<%G%#%*%U%#%k%?!<$r;HMQ$9$k(B "Bank-of-Filters" $BK!$H(B, $B:90[(B($B8m:9(B)$B$N7W;;$N$?$a$KM=B,5!G=$r;HMQ$9$k(B Linear Predictive Coding $BK!$G$9(B. $B0[$J$k7A<0$N%9%Z%/%H%k2r@O$bMxMQ$5$l$^$9(B. </P ><P >(3) $B%U%l!<%_%s%0(B/$B%&%$%s%I%&%#%s%0$O%5%s%W%k%G!<%?$rFCDj$NBg$-$5$KJ,3d$9$k$3$H$G$9(B. $B$3$l$O$7$P$7$P(B step2 $B$H(B step4 $B$X?J$_$^$9(B. $B$3$NCJ3,$OJ,@O$N$?$a$K(B $B%5%s%W%k6-3&(B ($BJ%$N%+%A%s$H$$$&2;$J$I$r=|$/$3$H(B) $B$rMQ0U$9$k$3$H$b4^$s$G$$$^$9(B. </P ><P >(4) $BDI2C$N%U%#%k%?%j%s%0$O$$$D$bB8:_$9$k$o$1$G$O$"$j$^$;$s(B. $B$3$l$OHf3S$HE,9g$NA0$G$N$=$l$>$l$N%&%#%s%I%&$KBP$9$k:G8e$N=`Hw$G$9(B. $B$7$P$7$P$3$l$O;~4V$NG[CV$H@55,2=$+$i9=@.$5$l$^$9(B. </P ><P >(5)$B$NHf3S$HE,9g$K$D$$$F$O2DG=$J5;=Q$,BgNL$K$"$j$^$9(B. $B$[$H$s$I$O(B $B8=:_$N%&%#%s%I%&$H4{CN$N%5%s%W%k$NHf3S$rI,MW$H$7$^$9(B.Hidden Markov Models (HMM), $B<~GH?t2r@O(B, $B:90[2r@O(B, $B@~7?Be?t$N5;=Q(B/$B6aF;(B, $B%9%Z%/%H%kOD$rMxMQ$9$k(B $BJ}K!$d;~4VOD6JK!$b$"$j$^$9(B. $B$3$l$i$N$9$Y$F$NJ}K!$O0lCW$N3NN($H@:EY$rF@$k$?$a$K;HMQ$5$l$F$$$^$9(B. </P ><P >(6) $BF0:n$O3+H/<T$,K>$s$@$3$H$@$1$G$9(B. </P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A NAME="DIGITALAUDIO" >6.2. $B%G%#%8%?%k%*!<%G%#%*$N4pAC(B</A ></H2 ><P >$B%*!<%G%#%*$OK\<AE*$K%"%J%m%0$J8=>]$G$9(B. $B%G%#%8%?%k%5%s%W%k$G(B $BO?2;$9$k$3$H$O(B, $B%^%$%/$+$i$N%"%J%m%0?.9f$r%5%&%s%I%+!<%I>e$N(B A/D $B%3%s%P!<%?$G%G%#%8%?%k?.9f$KJQ49$9$k$3$H$G$9(B. $B%^%$%/$,F0:n$7$F$$$l$P(B, $B2;GH$O%^%$%/$NCf$N<'@P$NMWAG$r?6F0$5$;(B, $B%5%&%s%I%+!<%I$X$NEEN.(B ($B%9%T!<%+$,5U$KF0:n$7$F$$$k$H9M$($F$/$@$5$$(B) $B$rH/@8$5$;$^$9(B. $B4pK\E*$K(B $B$=$N(BA/D$B%3%s%P!<%?$OFCDj$N4V3V$G$NEE05$NCM$r5-O?$7$^$9(B. </P ><P >$B$3$N2aDx$NCf$K(B2$B$D$N=EMW$JMWAG$,$"$j$^$9(B. 1$B$D$a$O(B "sample rate", $B$"$k$$$O(B $B$I$N$h$&$JIQEY$GEE05$r5-O?$9$k$N$+$H$$$&$b$N(B. 2$B$D$a$O(B "bits per second", $B$I$N$h$&$J@:EY$GCM$,5-O?$5$l$k$+$H$$$&$b$N$G$9(B. 3$B$D$a$NMWAG$O%A%c%s%M%k$N?t(B ($B%b%N$+%9%F%l%*$+(B), $B$7$+$7(B, $BB?$/$N(B ASR $B%"%W%j%1!<%7%g%s$G$O%b%N$G==J,$G$9(B. $BB?$/$N%"%W%j%1!<%7%g%s$G$O$3$l$i$N%Q%i%a!<%?$KM=$a@_Dj$5$l$?CM$r(B $B;HMQ$7$F(B, $B%f!<%6$OJ8=q$K=q$+$l$F$$$J$$$+$.$jJQ99$9$k$Y$-$G$O$"$j$^$;$s(B. $B3+H/<T$O0[$J$kCM$G$=$N%"%k%4%j%:%`$H$O2?$,9g$&$N$+$r(B $B<B83$9$k$3$H$G7hDj$9$k$Y$-$G$9(B. </P ><P >$B$=$l$G$O(B, ASR $B$K$D$$$F$O$I$N$h$&$J%5%s%W%k%l!<%H$,NI$$$N$G$7$g$&$+(B? $B2;@<$OHf3SE*Dc$$BS0hI}(B ($B$[$H$s$I(B 100Hz $B$+$i(B 8kHz) $B$G$9$+$i(B, 8000 samples/sec (8kHz) $B$O$[$H$s$I$N4pK\E*$J(B ASR $B$KBP$7$F$O==J,$G$9(B. $B$7$+$7(B, $B$5$i$K@53N$J(B $B9b<~GH?t$N>pJs$rF@$i$l$k$N$G(B 16000 samples/sec(16kHz) $B$r9%$`?M$b$$$^$9(B. $B$b$7=hM}G=NO$,$"$l$P(B 16kHz $B$r;H$&$Y$-$G$9(B. $B$[$H$s$I$N(B ASR $B%"%W%j%1!<%7%g%s$G$O(B 22kHz $B0J>e$N%5%s%W%j%s%0%l!<%H$OL5BL$G$9(B. </P ><P >$B$=$7$F(B $B$I$N$h$&$JCM$,(B "bits per sample" (1$B%5%s%W%kEv$j$N%S%C%H?t(B) $B$K$D$$$FNI$$$N$G$7$g$&$+(B? 8 bits per sample $B$O(B 0 $B$+$i(B 255 $B$N4V$GCM$r5-O?$7$^$9(B, $B$3$l$O%^%$%/@.J,$NBg$-$5$,(B 256$B8D$NCf$N(B1$B$D$G$"$k$H$$$&$3$H$r0UL#$7$^$9(B. 16 bits per sample$B$O(B $B@.J,$NBg$-$5$r(B 65536 $B8D$KJ,3d$7$^$9(B. $B%5%s%W%k%l!<%H$bF1MM$G$9(B. $BHf3S$N$?$a$K(B, $B2;3ZMQ(B Compact Disc $B$O(B 44kHz $B$G(B 16 bits per sample$B$G%(%s%3!<%I$5$l$F$$$^$9(B. </P ><P >$B;HMQ$5$l$k%(%s%3!<%G%#%s%0%U%)!<%^%C%H$O@~7?$J(B $BId9fIU$"$k$$$OId9f$J$7@0?t$N$h$&$KC1=c$G$"$k$Y$-$G$9(B. U-Law/A-Law $B%"%k%4%j%:%`$^$?$OB>$N05=LK!$r;HMQ$9$k(B $B$3$H$OIaDL2ACM$,$"$j$^$;$s(B, $B$J$<$J$i$=$l$O7W;;G=NO$N%3%9%H$,$+$+$j(B, $B%3%9%H$K8+9g$C$?G=NO$r==J,$KF@$k$3$H$,$G$-$J$$$+$i$G$9(B</P ></DIV ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="NAVFOOTER" ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"><TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="software.html" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="index.html" >Home</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="publications.html" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" >$B2;@<G'<1%=%U%H%&%'%"(B</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" > </TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" >$B=PHGJ*(B</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></BODY ></HTML >