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howto-html-ja-9.1-0.5mdk.noarch.rpm

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<H2><A NAME="Examples"></A> <A NAME="s11">11. $B<B@83h$G$NNc(B </A></H2>

<P>UNIX $B$N3K$H$J$k%"%$%G%"$O!"C1=c$J%3%^%s%I$r%Q%$%W$d%j%@%$%l%/%H$K$h$j7k(B
$B9g$7$F!"K\Ev$KJ#;($J:n6H$G$5$(9T$J$($k$h$&$K$9$k$3$H$G$9!#0J2<$NNc$r8fMw$/$@$5$$!#(B
$B:G$b:.$_$$$C$?LdBj$K$D$$$F$N$_@bL@$7$^$7$g$&!#B>$N$3$H$K$D$$$F$O!"$3$l$^$G$N(B
$B>O$d(B man $B%Z!<%8$r;29M$K$7$F$_$F$/$@$5$$!#(B
<P><B>$BLdBj(B</B> : <CODE>ls</CODE> $B$r;H$&$H%U%!%$%k$N0lMw$,%9%/%m!<%k$7$F!"2hLL$+$i>C$($F$7$^$&!#(B
<P><B>$B2rEz(B</B> $B!'(B
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
$ ls | less
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><B>$BLdBj(B</B> : $BC18l$N%j%9%H$r4^$s$@%U%!%$%k$,$"$j$^$9!#$=$l$r5U=g$G%=!<%H$7!"0u:~$7$?$$$N$G$9$,!#(B
<P><B>$B2rEz(B</B>$B!'(B
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
$ cat myfile.txt | sort -r | lpr
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><B>$BLdBj(B</B> : $B%G!<%?%U%!%$%kFb$KF1$8%G!<%?$r4^$`9T$,4v$D$b$"$j$^$9!#(B
$B$=$l$r@Z$j5M$a$kJ}K!$O$"$j$^$9$+!#(B
<P><B>$B2rEz(B</B>$B!'(B
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
$ sort datafile.dat | uniq > newfile.dat
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><B>$BLdBj(B</B> : $B!V(Bmypaper.txt$B!W$+!V(Bmypaper.tex$B!W$+!"$=$l$K;w$?L>A0$N%U%!%$(B
$B%k$,$"$k$N$G$9$,!"$I$3$K$"$k$N$+;W$$=P$;$^$;$s!#8+$D$1$kJ}K!$O!)(B
<P><B>$B2rEz(B</B>$B!'(B
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
$ find ~ -name "mypaper*" 
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>$B@bL@(B $B!'(B <CODE>find</CODE> $B$O%G%#%l%/%H%j%D%j!<(B($B$3$NNc$G$O!"(B<CODE>~</CODE> $B0J9_(B)$B$N(B
$BA4$F$N%U%!%$%k$r0lMw$9$k$9$4$/JXMx$J%3%^%s%I$G$9!#(B<CODE>-name</CODE> $B$r;H$$%U%#(B
$B%k%?!<$r$+$1$F=PNO$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$^$9!#(B
<P><B>$BLdBj(B</B> : $B!V(Bentropy$B!W$r4^$s$@%U%!%$%k$,%G%#%l%/%H%jCf$K$"$j$^$9!#(B
<CODE>SEARCH</CODE> $B%3%^%s%I$N$h$&$K$=$l$,$I$N%U%!%$%k$K$"$k$+C5$9J}K!$O$"$j$^$9$+!)(B
<P><B>$B2r7hJ}K!(B</B>$B!'$O$$!"$3$N$h$&$K$7$^$9!#(B
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
$ grep -l 'entropy' *
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><B>$BLdBj(B</B> : $B$I$3$+$K!V(Bentropy$B!W$r4^$s$@%F%-%9%H%U%!%$%k$,$"$k$H;W$&$s$G(B
$B$9$,!"$=$l$,$I$3$N$J$s$F$$$&%U%!%$%k$+CN$j$?$$!#(BVMS $B$G$O(B <CODE>search entropy
[...]*.*;*</CODE> $B$r;H$$$^$7$?$,!"(B<CODE>grep</CODE> $B$G$O%5%V%G%#%l%/%H%j0J2<$r:F(B
$B5"E*$KC5$9$3$H$,$G$-$^$;$s!#$$$$9M$($"$j$^$9$+!)(B
<P><B>$B2rEz(B</B>$B!'(B
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
$ find . -exec grep -l "entropy" {} \; 2> /dev/null
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>$B@bL@!'(B<CODE>find .</CODE> $B$O%+%l%s%H%G%#%l%/%H%j$+$i;O$a$F!"A4$F$N%U%!%$%k0lMw$r=PNO$7!"(B
<CODE>-exec grep -l "entropy"</CODE> $B$O3F%U%!%$%k$rBP>]$K<B9T$7$^$9(B
(<CODE>{}</CODE> $B$K$h$jI=$5$l$k(B)$B!#(B<CODE>\</CODE> $B$O%3%^%s%I$r=*N;$5$;$^$9!#(B
$BEvA3!"$3$N9=J8$,LLE]$@$H46$8$k$G$7$g$&$M!#(B
<P>$BBe$o$j$K!"<!$N$h$&$J%9%/%j%W%H%U%!%$%k$r=q$/$HNI$$$G$7$g$&!#(B
($BLuCm!';d$O(B <CODE>find . -type f |xargs grep 'entropy'</CODE> $B$N$h$&$K$7$F$$$^$9(B)
<P>
<P>
<HR>
<PRE>
#!/bin/sh
# rgrep: $B:F5"E*$J(B grep
if [ $# != 3 ]
then
  echo "Usage: rgrep --switches 'pattern' 'directory'"
  exit 1
fi
find $3 -name "*" -exec grep $1 $2 {} \; 2> /dev/null
</PRE>
<HR>
<P>$B@bL@!'(B <CODE>search</CODE> $B$N$h$&$J(B <CODE>grep</CODE> $B$H(B <CODE>find</CODE> $B$H$rAH$_9g$o$;$l$P!"(B
$BN>J}$N@$3&$G:G$b;H$$$d$9$$$b$N$K$J$k$H;W$$$^$9!#(B
<P><B>$BLdBj(B</B> : 2 $B9T$N%X%C%@!<$G;O$^$k%G!<%?%U%!%$%k$,$"$j!"3F9T$K$OITMW$J%9%Z!<(B
$B%9$G6h@Z$i$l$?(B n $B8D$N%G!<%?$,$"$j$^$9!#3F9T$N(B 2 $BHVL\$H(B 5 $BHVL\$N%G!<%?$,M_(B
$B$7$$$N$G$9$,!"(BFortran $B$G%W%m%0%i%`$r=q$$$?J}$,$$$$$G$7$g$&$+!)(B
<P><B>$B2rEz(B</B> : $B$$$$$(!"$3$C$A$NJ}$,Aa$$!#(B
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
$ awk 'NL > 2 {print $2, "\t", $5}' datafile.dat > newfile.dat
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>$B@bL@!'%3%^%s%I(B <CODE>awk</CODE> $B$O<B:]$O%W%m%0%i%`8@8l$G!"%G!<%?%U%!%$%k$N(B 3 $B9TL\(B
$B$+$i3+;O$7$F!"3F9T$N(B 2 $BHVL\$H(B 5 $BHVL\$r%?%V$G6h@Z$C$F%W%j%s%H$7$^$9!#(B
<CODE>awk</CODE> $B$r3X$S$J$5$$(B --- $BB?$/$N;~4V$r@aLs$G$-$^$9$h!#(B
<P>
<P><B>$BLdBj(B</B> : FTP $B%5%$%H$+$i%@%&%s%m!<%I$7$?(B <CODE>ls-lR.gz</CODE> $B$NFbMF$rD4$Y$?(B
$B$$!#%5%V%G%#%l%/%H%jKh$K!V7W(B xxxx $B!W$N9T$,4^$^$l$F$$$^$9!#(Bxxxx $B$O%G%#%l(B
$B%/%H%jFbMF$r(B KB $BC10L$N%5%$%:$GI=$7$?$b$N$G$9!#$3$N(B xxxx $B$N=87W$r9T$J$$$?$$$N$G$9$,!#(B
<P><B>$B2rEz(B</B>$B!'(B
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>
<PRE>
$ zcat ls-lR.gz | awk ' $1 == "total" { i += $2 } END {print i}'
</PRE>
</CODE></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>$B@bL@!'(B<CODE>zcat</CODE> $B$O(B <CODE>.gz</CODE> $B%U%!%$%k$NFbMF$r=PNO$7!"(B<CODE>awk</CODE> $B$K%Q%$%W$7(B
$B$^$9!#(B<CODE>awk</CODE> $B$O(B man $B%Z!<%8$KCzG+$K$N$C$F$$$^$9$h(B ;-)
<P><B>$BLdBj(B</B>$B!'%G!<%?%U%!%$%k$NCM$r7W;;$9$k(B Fortran $B%W%m%0%i%`(B <CODE>myprog</CODE> $B$,(B
$B$"$j$^$9!#?tI4$N%U%!%$%k$rFI$_9~$^$;$F7k2L$r=PNO$7$?$$$N$G$9$,!"%G!<%?%U%!(B
$B%$%kL>$r$$$A$$$ABG$D$N$,LLE]$G$9!#(BVMS $B$G$OD9$$%3%^%s%I%U%!%$%k$r=q$/$H(B
$B;W$$$^$9$,!"(BLinux $B$G$O$I$&$9$l$P$$$$$N$G$7$g$&!)(B
<P><B>$B2rEz(B</B>: $B$9$4$/C;$$%9%/%j%W%H$G$G$-$^$9$h!#(B<CODE>myprog</CODE> $B$,>o$K!V(B <CODE>mydata.dat</CODE> $B!W$rFI$_!"7k2L$rI8=`=PNO(B( stdout )$B$KI=<($9$k$h$&$K$7$F$*$$$F!"<!$N%9%/%j%W%H(B
$B$r=q$-$^$9!#(B
<P>
<HR>
<PRE>
#!/bin/sh
# myprog.sh: $BB?$/$N0[$J$k%U%!%$%k$KBP$7$FF1$8%3%^%s%I$r<B9T$7$^$9!#(B
# $B;HMQJ}K!!'(B myprog.sh *.dat
for file in $*  # for all parameters (e.g. *.dat)
do
  # $B%U%!%$%kL>$r(B result.dat $B$KDI2C$7$F$$$-$^$9!#(B
  echo -n "${file}:    " >> results.dat
  # $B8=:_$N0z?t$r(B  mydata.dat $B$K%3%T!<$7$F!"(Bmyprog $B$r<B9T$7$^$9!#(B 
  # $B$=$7$F!"=PNO$r(B results.dat $B$KDI2C$7$^$9!#(B
  cp ${file} mydata.dat ; myprog >> results.dat
done
</PRE>
<HR>
<P><B>$BLdBj(B</B> : $B;d$N%F%-%9%H%U%!%$%kFb$N!V(Bgeology$B!W$rA4$F!V(Bgeophysics$B!W$KCV(B
$B$-49$($?$$$N$G$9$,!"<j:n6H$G$7$J$1$l$J$i$J$$$N$G$7$g$&$+!)(B
<P><B>$B2rEz(B</B>:$B$$$$$(!"$3$N%7%'%k%9%/%j%W%H$r=q$$$F$/$@$5$$!#(B
<P>
<P>
<HR>
<PRE>
#!/bin/sh
# $* $B$N(B $1 $B$r(B $2 $B$KCV$-49$($^$9!#(B
# $B;HMQJ}K!!'(Breplace "old-pattern" "new-pattern" file [file...]
OLD=$1          # $B%9%/%j%W%H$N:G=i$N%Q%i%a!<%?(B
NEW=$2          # 2 $BHVL\$N%Q%i%a!<%?(B
shift ; shift   # $B:G=i$NFs$D$N%Q%i%a!<%?$r<N$F$k!#<!$O%U%!%$%kL>$G$9!#(B
for file in $*  # $B%Q%i%a!<%?$H$7$FM?$($i$l$?A4$F$N%U%!%$%k$G%k!<%W$7$^$9!#(B
do
#  OLD $B$r(B NEW $B$KCV49$7$F!"%F%s%]%i%j%U%!%$%k$KJ]B8$7$^$9!#(B
  sed "s/$OLD/$NEW/g" ${file} > ${file}.new
# $B%F%s%]%i%j%U%!%$%k$r%*%j%8%J%k%U%!%$%kL>$K%j%M!<%`$7$^$9!#(B
  /bin/mv ${file}.new ${file}
done
</PRE>
<HR>
<P><B>$BLdBj(B</B> : $B4v$D$+%G!<%?%U%!%$%k$,$"$C$F!"$=$ND9$5$OH=$i$J$$$s$G$9$,!"(B
$B:G8e$+$i(B 1 $B$DA0$N9T$H(B 2 $B$DA0$N9T$r:o=|$9$k$K$O(B $B!"$(!<$H(B...$B<j:n6H$G$9$+!)(B
<P><B>$B2rEz(B</B>: $B$b$A$m$s!"%N!<!#%9%/%j%W%H$r=q$$$F$/$@$5$$!#(B
<P>
<P>
<HR>
<PRE>
#!/bin/sh
# prune.sh $B$O(B n-1$BHVL\$H(B n-2 $BHVL\$N9T$r%U%!%$%k$+$i:o=|$7$^$9!#(B
# $B;HMQJ}K!!'(B prune.sh file [file...]
for file in $*   # $BA4$F$N%Q%i%a!<%?$G%k!<%W$7$^$9!#(B
do
  LINES=`wc -l $file | awk '{print $1}'`  # $B%U%!%$%k$N9THV9f(B
  LINES=`expr $LINES - 3`                 # LINES = LINES - 3
  head -n $LINES $file > $file.new        # $B:G=i(B KINES $B9T$r=PNO$7$^$9!#(B
  tail -n 1 $file >> $file.new            # $B:G=*9T$r2C$($^$9!#(B
done
</PRE>
<HR>
<P>$B$3$l$i$NNc$,$"$J$?$N6=L#$r$=$=$j$^$9$h$&$K(B...
<P>
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