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<H2><A NAME="SECTION006710000000000000000"> </A>
<BR>
4.7.1 Classes
</H2>
<P>
<dl><dt><b><span class="typelabel">class</span> <a name="l2h-182"><tt class="class">Cookie</tt></a></b>(<var>name, value</var><big>[</big><var>, attributes</var><big>]</big>)
<dd>
<P>
This class is used to construct a single cookie named <var>name</var>
and having <var>value</var> as the value. Additionally, any of the
attributes defined in the Netscape specification and RFC2109 can by
supplied as keyword arguments.
<P>
The attributes of the class represent cookie attributes, and their
string representations become part of the string representation of
the cookie. The <tt class="class">Cookie</tt> class restricts attribute names to
only valid values, specifically, only the following attributes are
allowed: <code>name, value, version, path, domain, secure, comment,
expires, max_age, commentURL, discard, port, __data__</code>.
<P>
The <code>__data__</code> attribute is a general-purpose dictionary that
can be used for storing arbitrary values, when necessary (This is
useful when subclassing <tt class="class">Cookie</tt>).
<P>
The <tt class="member">expires</tt> attribute is a property whose value is checked
upon setting to be in format "<tt class="samp">Wdy, DD-Mon-YYYY HH:MM:SS GMT</tt>" (as dictated per Netscape cookie specification), or a numeric value
representing time in seconds since beginning of epoch (which will be
automatically correctly converted to GMT time string). An invalid
<code>expires</code> value will raise <tt class="exception">ValueError</tt>.
<P>
When converted to a string, a <tt class="class">Cookie</tt> will be in correct
format usable as value in a "<tt class="samp">Cookie</tt>" or "<tt class="samp">Set-Cookie</tt>" header.
<P>
<div class="note"><b class="label">Note:</b>
Unlike the Python Standard Library Cookie classes, this
class represents a single cookie (referred to as <i class="dfn">Morsel</i> in
Python Standard Library).
</div>
<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name="l2h-183"><tt class="method">parse</tt></a></b>(<var>string</var>)
<dd>
This is a class method that can be used to create a <tt class="class">Cookie</tt>
instance from a cookie string <var>string</var> as passed in a header
value. During parsing, attribute names are converted to lower
case.
<P>
Because this is a class method, it must be called explicitly
specifying the class.
<P>
This method returns a dictionary of <tt class="class">Cookie</tt> instances, not
a single <tt class="class">Cookie</tt> instance.
<P>
Here is an example of getting a single <tt class="class">Cookie</tt> instance:
<dl><dd><pre class="verbatim">
mycookies = Cookie.parse("spam=eggs; expires=Sat, 14-Jun-2003 02:42:36 GMT")
spamcookie = mycookies["spam"]
</pre></dl>
<P>
<div class="note"><b class="label">Note:</b>
Because this method uses a dictionary, it is not possible to
have duplicate cookies. If you would like to have more than one
value in a single cookie, consider using a <tt class="class">MarshalCookie</tt>.
</div>
<P>
</dl>
<P>
</dl>
<P>
<dl><dt><b><span class="typelabel">class</span> <a name="l2h-184"><tt class="class">SignedCookie</tt></a></b>(<var>name, value, secret</var><big>[</big><var>, attributes</var><big>]</big>)
<dd>
<P>
This is a subclass of <tt class="class">Cookie</tt>. This class creates cookies
whose name and value are automatically signed using HMAC (md5) with
a provided secret <var>secret</var>, which must be a non-empty string.
<P>
<dl><dt><b><a name="l2h-185"><tt class="method">parse</tt></a></b>(<var>string, secret</var>)
<dd>
This method acts the same way as <tt class="class">Cookie.parse()</tt>, but also
verifies that the cookie is correctly signed. If the signature
cannot be verified, the object returned will be of class
<tt class="class">Cookie</tt>.
<P>
<div class="note"><b class="label">Note:</b>
Always check the types of objects returned by
<tt class="method">SignedCookie.parse()</tt>.If it is an instance of
<tt class="class">Cookie</tt> (as opposed to <tt class="class">SignedCookie</tt>), the
signature verification has failed:
<dl><dd><pre class="verbatim">
# assume spam is supposed to be a signed cookie
if type(spam) is not Cookie.SignedCookie:
# do something that indicates cookie isn't signed correctly
</pre></dl>
</div>
</dl>
<P>
</dl>
<P>
<dl><dt><b><span class="typelabel">class</span> <a name="l2h-186"><tt class="class">MarshalCookie</tt></a></b>(<var>name, value, secret</var><big>[</big><var>, attributes</var><big>]</big>)
<dd>
<P>
This is a subclass of <tt class="class">SignedCookie</tt>. It allows for
<var>value</var> to be any marshallable objects. Core Python types such as
string, integer, list, etc. are all marshallable object. For a
complete list see
<em class="citetitle"><a
href="http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-marshal.html"
title="marshal"
>marshal</a></em>
module documentation.
<P>
When parsing, the signature is checked first, so incorrectly signed cookies
will not be unmarshalled.
<P>
</dl>
<P>
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<span class="release-info">Release 3.1.0a, documentation updated on August 26, 2003.</span>
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